如果您在Surface 笔记本电脑(Surface Laptop)上通过按电源和音量减小按钮执行PXE（预启动执行环境）启动时， Windows徽标可能会闪烁，但PXE启动尝试失败，那么这篇文章旨在帮助您。在这篇文章中，我们将概述您可以采取的解决此问题的步骤。
Surface Laptop PXE启动尝试失败
如果您遇到此Surface Laptop PXE启动问题，可以按照以下说明解决此问题。
- 关闭 Surface 笔记本电脑。
- 设备关闭后，按住音量增大按钮。
- 按住音量增大按钮，按下并松开电源按钮。
- 继续(Continue)按住音量增大按钮，直到Surface或Windows徽标不再出现在屏幕上。
您现在应该看到 Surface统一可扩展固件接口 (UEFI)(Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)) 环境。
- 选择引导配置(Boot configuration)。
- 在配置引导设备顺序下的右窗格中，(Configure boot device order, s)选择PXE 网络(PXE Network)，然后向左滑动。这不会影响引导顺序。
您应该会收到立即启动此设备(Boot this device immediately)消息。
- 单击确定(OK) 退出并执行PXE 网络(PXE Network)引导。
或者，您可以更改 Surface 笔记本电脑的启动顺序(change the boot order)，以便PXE 网络(PXE Network)位于列表顶部。就是这样：
- 关闭 Surface 笔记本电脑。
- 设备关闭后，按住音量增大按钮。
- 按住音量增大按钮，按下并松开电源按钮。
- 继续(Continue)按住音量增大按钮，直到Surface或Windows徽标不再出现在屏幕上。
您现在应该会看到Surface UEFI。
- 选择引导配置。(Boot configuration.)
- 在配置引导设备顺序下的右窗格中，(Configure boot device order, s)选择PXE 网络(PXE Network)并将其拖到列表顶部。
- 选择退出(Exit) ，然后选择 立即重新启动(Restart Now)。
您现在可以再次尝试PXE引导。您的Surface 笔记本电脑(Surface Laptop)现在应该能够成功执行PXE启动！
阅读(Read)：PXE-E61，媒体测试失败，检查电缆引导错误(PXE-E61, Media test failure, check cable boot error)。
预引导执行环境 (PXE)(Preboot Execution Environment (PXE))是一个行业标准的客户端/服务器接口，它允许管理员远程配置和引导尚未加载操作系统的联网计算机。PXE代码通常随新计算机一起交付，位于只读内存芯片或引导磁盘上，允许计算机（客户端）与网络服务器通信，从而可以远程配置客户端计算机并远程配置其操作系统启动。
使用PXE的优点包括：
- 客户端机器不一定需要操作系统甚至硬盘。
- 如果发生硬件或软件故障，可以重新启动客户端计算机。这允许管理员诊断并可能修复问题。
- 由于大多数任务都是远程执行的，因此简化了维护。
- 由于PXE独立于供应商，因此可以轻松地将新型计算机添加到网络中。
- 集中式(Centralized)数据存储提供信息安全。
PXE 提供了三样东西：
- 动态主机配置协议( DHCP)(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP))，它允许客户端接收 IP 地址以访问网络服务器。
- 客户端的BIOS/UEFI 或下载的网络引导程序 (NBP)(Network Bootstrap Program (NBP))使用的一组应用程序接口 ( API )，可自动启动操作系统和其他配置步骤。
- 在PXE ROM(PXE ROM)芯片或引导盘中初始化PXE代码的标准方法。
PXE进程由客户端通知服务器它使用PXE组成。如果服务器使用PXE，它会向客户端发送包含可用操作系统的引导服务器列表。客户端找到它需要的引导服务器并接收要下载的文件的名称。
客户端然后使用普通文件传输协议(Trivial File Transfer Protocol)下载文件并执行它，加载操作系统。如果客户端配备了PXE而服务器没有配备，则服务器会忽略PXE代码，以防止DHCP和引导协议 (BP)(Bootstrap Protocol (BP))操作中断。
Surface Laptop PXE boot attempt fails in Windows 10
If when you perform the PXE (Preboot Execution Environment) boot on a Surface Laptop by pressing the power and volume-down buttons, the Windows logo may flash, but the PXE boot attempt fails, then this post is intended to help you. In this post, we will outline the steps you can take to resolve this issue.
Surface Laptop PXE boot attempt fails
If you’re faced with this Surface Laptop PXE boot issue, you can follow the instructions below to work around this issue.
- Shut down your Surface Laptop.
- Once the device has turned off, press and hold the volume-up button.
- With the volume-up button held down, press and release the power button.
- Continue holding the volume-up button until the Surface or Windows logo no longer appears on the screen.
You should now see the Surface Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) environment.
- Select Boot configuration.
- On the right pane under Configure boot device order, select the PXE Network, and then swipe to the left. This will not affect the boot order.
You should receive the Boot this device immediately message.
- Click OK to exit and perform the PXE Network boot.
Alternatively, you can change the boot order for the Surface Laptop so that PXE Network is at the top of the list. Here’s how:
- Shut down your Surface Laptop.
- Once the device has turned off, press and hold the volume-up button.
- With the volume-up button held down, press and release the power button.
- Continue holding the volume-up button until the Surface or Windows logo no longer appears on the screen.
You should now see the Surface UEFI.
- Select Boot configuration.
- On the right pane under Configure boot device order, select the PXE Network and drag it to the top of the list.
- Select Exit and then select Restart Now.
You can now try the PXE boot again. Your Surface Laptop now should be able to perform the PXE boot successfully!
Read: PXE-E61, Media test failure, check cable boot error.
The Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) is an industry-standard client/server interface that allows networked computers that are not yet loaded with an operating system to be configured and booted remotely by an administrator. The PXE code is typically delivered with a new computer on a read-only memory chip or boot disk that allows the computer (a client) to communicate with the network server so that the client machine can be remotely configured and its operating system can be remotely booted.
The advantages of using PXE include:
- The client machine does not necessarily need an operating system or even a hard disk.
- The client machine can be rebooted in the event of hardware or software failure. This allows the administrator to diagnose and perhaps fix the problem.
- Maintenance is simplified because most tasks are performed remotely.
- Since PXE is vendor-independent, new types of computers can easily be added to the network.
- Centralized data storage provides information security.
PXE provides three things:
- The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), which allows the client to receive an IP address to gain access to the network servers.
- A set of application program interfaces (API) that are used by the client’s BIOS/UEFI or a downloaded Network Bootstrap Program (NBP) that automates the booting of the operating system and other configuration steps.
- A standard method of initializing the PXE code in the PXE ROM chip or boot disk.
The PXE process consists of the client notifying the server that it uses PXE. If the server uses PXE, it sends the client a list of boot servers that contain the operating systems available. The client finds the boot server it needs and receives the name of the file to download.
The client then downloads the file using Trivial File Transfer Protocol and executes it, which loads the operating system. If a client is equipped with PXE and the server is not, the server ignores the PXE code preventing disruption in the DHCP and Bootstrap Protocol (BP) operations.
