网络跟踪(Web Tracking)与网站跟踪不同。后者是指分析任何网站的事情。这是使用网站管理员可用的不同工具完成的。网络跟踪(Web Tracking)是关于跟踪您和您在网站上的活动。这篇文章解释了什么是网络跟踪(Web Tracking)，什么是浏览器中的跟踪器，网站如何(How)在线跟踪您，并列出了您可以进行的一些浏览器跟踪测试。(Browser)
网站如何在线跟踪您？
有许多方法，例如浏览器指纹识别(Browser Fingerprinting)，可以让网站更轻松地在Internet上跟踪您。浏览器(Browser)指纹允许网站记下您设备特有的不同因素：监控(Monitor)分辨率和深度、您访问的所有网站等项目、您使用的字体数量和字体等等。
所有这些信息都经过精心构建，以便他们（互联网(Internet)营销人员）获得良好的浏览器和设备指纹，即使您试图在浏览器上使用隐身模式进行隐藏，也能将您泄露出去。(using Incognito mode)
跟踪人员的最简单方法是使用Cookie。cookie 的概念是在Netscape Navigator中引入的，以“提供更好的体验”。早期的 cookie 旨在存储不同网站的设置。当前的 cookie 存储的不仅仅是登录信息。他们会记录您在Internet(Internet)上所做的一切。
另一种情况是网站被窃听。当您打开站点时，它们会在后台运行小的不可见脚本。这些脚本也尽可能多地收集有关您的信息。从此类错误中保存的一些数据是名称、位置、电子邮件ID(IDs)、大小、品牌、计算机型号、您使用的浏览器、您使用的所有应用程序以及类似的东西。
跟踪你的不止一件事。有很多跟踪器；每个跟踪器都会查询不同类型的数据。所有这些跟踪器都将他们收集的数据发送到可能是应用程序或某些操作系统的中央机构。然后将其保存为可理解的配置文件格式，当您下次访问Internet(Internet)时可以跟踪到您。
为什么互联网跟踪不好
一想到外面有一些陌生人，他们对你的习惯了如指掌，就会让脊背发凉。不同跟踪器发送的数据被构建到一个强大的配置文件中。基于此配置文件，在线营销公司向您发送相关广告。有些人喜欢定制广告，但在大多数情况下，人们害怕互联网(Internet)上有哪些关于他们的信息。
配置文件不限于营销。有些人可以以帮助的名义操纵你。有了这些关于你的数据，营销人员或小黑客就可以试图敲诈你。
更糟糕的是，如果个人资料中包含社会安全号码之类的东西，您的身份可能会受到损害。坏人可能会滥用信息并做出对您产生负面影响的事情。有了这些数据，人们可以很容易地冒充他人并以你的名义进行货币贷款。
接下来，让我们看看互联网(Internet)上都有哪些可用的东西，看看正在跟踪哪些数据。
阅读(Read)：什么是电子邮件跟踪器？如何在 Outlook 和 Gmail 中阻止电子邮件跟踪？(What are Email Trackers? How to block Email Tracking in Outlook and Gmail?)
浏览器跟踪测试
Privacy.net——privacy.net(Privacy.net)(Privacy.net)上有五种工具（测试），可以告诉您哪些信息可能存储在跟踪器创建的“在线个人资料”中。第一个是基本测试，它告诉您您的 IP 地址、您的位置、互联网服务提供商名称(Internet Service Provider Name)( ISP 名称(ISP Name))、您的计算机操作系统、使用的浏览器和屏幕分辨率。它还会检查数据是否可以通过自动填充泄露、您登录的所有网站以及类似的事情。它还进行指纹分析，看起来有点危险。
Panopticlick – 检查您的浏览器与不同网站共享的所有数据。例如，您的浏览器是否阻止了跟踪广告，您的浏览器是否阻止了不可见的跟踪器。它还会告诉您您的浏览器指纹是否是唯一的。它不应该是独特的，因为独特意味着将您的整个在线个人资料赠送给某个陌生人。如果您仔细研究一下，第一个表格下方的“显示指纹的完整结果”选项可能会很吓人。(Show full results for fingerprinting)
Amunique.org(Amiunique.org)(Amiunique.org)可以运行您的指纹测试，以查看数据是否可以追溯到您。只需(Just)单击查看我的浏览器指纹(View my Browser Fingerprint)按钮。您可能会惊讶于这些营销人员对您和您的设备的了解程度。
Station X(The Station X)(The Station X)博客有一个页面列出了更多此类站点，可帮助您了解可以收集哪些数据。
Coveryourtracks.eff.org向您展示跟踪器如何查看您的浏览器，为您提供关于您最独特和识别特征的概览。
这解释了公司或网站如何跟踪您在Internet上的活动。我们希望你觉得这篇文章有用。
现在阅读：(Now read:)如何在 Edge 中启用和配置跟踪预防。
What is Internet Tracking? Is it dangerous? How to know if I am tracked?
Web Tracking is not the same thing as website tracking. The latter refers to analyzing things about any website. That’s done using different tools available to webmasters. Web Tracking is about tracking you and your activities on websites. This post explains What is Web Tracking, What are Trackers in browsers, How websites track you online and lists some Browser tracking tests you can take.
How do websites track you online?
There are many methods, like Browser Fingerprinting, that make it easier for websites to track you on the Internet. Browser fingerprinting allows for the websites to note down different factors unique to your device: Monitor resolution and depth, items like what all websites you were visiting, how many and what fonts are you using, and stuff like that.
All this information is carefully constructed so that they (Internet marketers) get a good browser and device fingerprint that gives you away even if you are trying to hide using Incognito mode on your browser.
The easiest method to track people is to use Cookies. The concept of cookies was introduced with Netscape Navigator to “provide a better experience”. Early cookies were meant to store settings for different websites. Current day cookies store more than just login information. They keep a tab of what all you are doing on the Internet.
Another case is where websites are bugged. They have small invisible scripts running in the background when you open the site. These scripts too collect as much information about you as possible. Some of the data saved from such bugs are name, location, email IDs, size, make, model of your computer, what browser are you using, what all apps you use, and similar things.
There is not just one thing tracking you. There are many trackers; each tracker would query for different types of data. All these trackers send the data they collect, to a central authority that could be an app or some operating system. This is then saved in an understandable profile format that can be traced to you when you next visit the Internet.
Why is Internet Tracking bad
It sends a chill down the spine to think that some strangers are out there who know everything about your habits. The data sent by different trackers are built into a robust profile. Based on this profile, online marketing companies send you relevant advertisements. Some people like customized advertisements but in most cases, people are scared as to what information about them is available on the Internet.
The profiles are not limited to marketing. There are people who can manipulate you in name of helping out. With such data about you with them, the marketers or small-time hackers can try to blackmail you.
Worse, if the profiles contain social security numbers and things like that, your identity can be compromised. Bad people can misuse the information and do things that affect you negatively. With that data, people can easily impersonate others and take a monetary loan in your name.
Next, let’s see what all is available on the Internet to see what data is being tracked.
Read: What are Email Trackers? How to block Email Tracking in Outlook and Gmail?
Browser Tracking Tests
Privacy.net – There are some five tools (tests) on privacy.net that tell you what information is likely to be stored in your “online profile” created by trackers. The first one is the basic test that tells you your IP address, your location, Internet Service Provider Name (ISP Name), your computers’ operating system, browser in use and screen resolution. It also checks if data can be leaked through autofill, what all websites you are logged on, and similar things. It also does fingerprint analysis which looks a bit dangerous.
Panopticlick – checks what all data your browser is sharing with different websites. For example, is your browser blocked tracking ads, whether your browser is blocking invisible trackers. It also tells you if your browser fingerprint is unique. It shouldn’t be unique as being unique means like giving away your whole online profile to some stranger. The “Show full results for fingerprinting” option below the first table can be scary if you look into it.
Amiunique.org can run your fingerprint test to see if data can be traced back to you. Just click on View my Browser Fingerprint button. You may be surprised how much do these marketing people know about you and your device.
The Station X blog has a page that lists more of such sites that help you understand what all data of yours can be collected.
Coveryourtracks.eff.org shows you how trackers see your browser, providing you with an overview of your most unique and identifying characteristics.
This explains how to companies or websites track your activity on the Internet. WE hope you find this post useful.
Now read: How to enable & configure Tracking Prevention in Edge.
