我们在使用计算机时最大的担忧之一是隐私，如果您经营一家公司，它的重要性是无法定义的。有很多方法可以确保Windows中的隐私，但如果您不希望其他人登录到您的服务器，在这种情况下，大多数公司都会采用Microsoft Active Directory。有了这个，除了您和您的团队之外，没有人可以登录到您的系统。
Microsoft Active Directory只不过是Microsoft构建的数据库。您需要在运行Windows Server的设备上访问它，它将充当域控制器。Windows域网络中的所有用户都需要与域控制器通信才能登录服务器。
但是，Microsoft Active Directory并不是市场上唯一的目录软件。因此，在本文中，我们将找到市场上一些最好的免费Microsoft Active Directory替代品。
免费的 Microsoft Active Directory(Microsoft Active Directory)替代品
该列表没有特别的顺序，因为该列表中提到的所有工具都有自己的长处和短处。我们将在本文中讨论的免费Microsoft Active Directory替代品是：(Microsoft Active Directory)
- Apache 目录工作室
- 打开 LDAP
- JXplorer
- 免费IPA
- 桑巴
- 398 目录服务器
- 打开DJ
- Zentyal 活动目录
- Oracle 目录服务器企业版(Oracle Directory Server Enterprise Edition)
- 拉兹DC
让我们详细讨论它们。
1] Apache 目录工作室
我们列表中的第一个应用程序是Apache Directory Studio。它是基于Java和LDAP3认证的目录服务器构建的开源软件。它通过了基于 Eclipse 的数据库实用程序的认证。不仅如此，它还支持Kerberos 5和其他一些代码。
您可以从他们的官方网站(official website. )下载该软件。 但是，仅安装必须具有Java 11或更高版本才能在 Windows PC 上运行的软件，该软件将无法运行。如果您没有Java 11，您可以从AdoptOpenJDK 下载它。(AdoptOpenJDK.)
2]开放LDAP
我们列表中的另一个免费和开源软件是OpenLDAP。它基于轻量级目录访问协议(Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)( LDAP )，可以替代Microsoft Active Directory。有了这个，您将成为LDAP数据库的管理员，并且可以控制、搜索、更改、创建和删除其中的项目。
使用OpenLDAP非常简单，您可以在Windows计算机上下载( download)并安装它。然后享受管理密码、LDIF的导入和导出、方案浏览等功能，让您保护您的数据。
3] JXplorer
如果您正在寻找跨平台的 Microsoft Active Directory替代方案，那么您应该考虑使用JXplorer 。JXplorer可以在Windows、Linux和许多其他平台上运行。
在JXplorer中，您可以借助LDAP和DSML界面搜索、读取和编辑任何LDAP目录。(LDAP)它是非常可定制和灵活的。它基于JAVA构建，并具有可配置的HTML模板。
有两个版本，免费(free one)版和企业版。但是，您应该先尝试免费版本，如果您认为它缺少某些内容，请升级。
4]免费IPA
Red Hat开发了适用于Linux和 Unix 设备的最佳Microsoft Active Directory替代品之一， FreeIPA。它是活动目录的同类替代品，并调整了其许多功能。
它有一个简单的用户界面，让您只需在计算机上下载软件即可控制客户端。(downloading)它的主要功能之一是构成Linux、DNS、NTP等的安全信息管理解决方案。因此，如果您正在运行基于 Unix 的操作系统，那么没有比FreeIPA更好的软件来管理您的客户端了。
5]桑巴
市场上很少有活动目录软件可以让您在Unix平台上创建数据库并在(Unix)Windows上作为客户端工作，Samba就是其中之一。它是Unix(Unix)平台上最好的Microsoft Active Directory替代品之一，因为它可以作为客户端在Unix和Windows上无缝运行。
有了这个，您将获得两全其美，Unix的安全性和(Unix)Windows的简单性。他们在通用 Internet 文件系统 (Common Internet File System )或CIFS 的帮助下实现了这种轻松的连接。 (CIFS. )它还可以与其他非 Unix 主机一起使用，例如VMS、AmigaOS和NetWare。
用户只需从其官方网站(official website)下载软件即可免费获得所有这些。
6] 398目录服务器
398 Directory Server是另一种适用于(Directory Server)Linux的免费Microsoft Active Directory替代品。它有一个简单的用户界面(User Interface)，一个知识最少的人就可以访问该软件。
他们将此 UI 与功能强大的软件相结合，非常适合成千上万的用户使用。该服务器符合LDAPv3 ，并在(LDAPv3)TLS和SASL的帮助下进行安全身份验证和传输。
您可以从他们的官方网站( official website)下载该软件并将其安装在您的Linux计算机上，以免费享受这个强大的工具。
7] 开放DJ
顾名思义， OpenDJ(OpenDJ)是免费的开源软件，具有简单的 UI，可让您轻松创建Microsoft Active Directory等数据库。
它结合了LDAPv3和DSMLv2以确保无缝的工作流程。它最大的特点之一是它有一个简单直观的用户界面，可以定期更新。该服务器基于Javascript构建，由Oracle维护，因此，您知道它是安全的。
因此，如果您正在寻找Microsoft Active Directory替代品，那么您可以下载( download)OpenDJ。
8] Zentyal活动目录
Zentyal Active Directory是在Linux平台上创建服务器的Microsoft Active Directory替代方案。(Microsoft Active Directory)就像(Just)JXplorer一样，即使网络托管在Linux 操作系统(Linux OS)上，Zentyal也可以允许Windows客户端在服务器上工作。
它具有单点登录(Sign-On)( SSO ) 身份验证并支持POP3、IMAP、SMTP等 6 种协议。因此，如果您使用的是Linus ，那么您至少应该下载(download)并安装Zentyal Active Directory，因为它是免费的。这是一个干净且安全的解决方案，并且可以正常工作。
9] Oracle 目录服务器企业版(Oracle Directory Server Enterprise Edition)
Oracle是这个游戏中的老手，因为它被称为 Sun Java System Directory Server。 它是业内最好的之一，并具有大量功能。您可以从他们的官方网站下载该软件。(download)
它的一些功能是Web 管理控制台(Web Administrative Console)、Active Directory同步、目录代理(Directory Proxy)等等。因此，我们可以说，如果您正在寻找异构应用程序，那么Oracle Directory Server 企业版(Oracle Directory Server Enterprise Edition)是您的不二之选。
10] 拉兹DC
最后但同样重要的是，我们有 RazDC。这是一个在Linux上运行的简单轻便的软件，最好的部分是它是免费的。
它安全且与Microsoft Active Directory兼容，其简单的 UI 可以自行调整到任何屏幕尺寸。唯一需要注意的是，它不如列表中的其他一些软件强大，但如果您想使用轻量级的Microsoft Active Directory替代品，那么您应该下载(download)RazDC。
Microsoft Active Directory是迄今为止Microsoft构建的最佳数据库解决方案。但是，它并不是市场上唯一的软件，这就是为什么您应该尝试其他软件。
阅读：(Read:) 验证域控制器升级的先决条件失败(Verification of prerequisites for Domain Controller promotion failed)。
10 free Microsoft Active Directory alternative software
One of the biggest conсerns we have while using our compυtеr is privacy and if you are rυnning a companу its importance is undefinable. There are quite a few methods to ensure privacy in Windows but if you don’t want anуone else to log in to your server, in that case, most companieѕ adopt Microsoft Active Directory. With this, no one other than you and your team can log in to your system.
Microsoft Active Directory is nothing but a database built by Microsoft. You need to access it on a device running Windows Server and it will act as a domain controller. All the users in the Windows domain network need to communicate with the domain controller in order to log in to the server.
However, Microsoft Active Directory is not the only directory software in the market. Therefore, in this article, we are going to find some of the best free Microsoft Active Directory alternatives in the market.
Free Microsoft Active Directory Alternatives
The list is in no particular order as all the tools mentioned in this list has their own strength and weakness. The free Microsoft Active Directory Alternatives we are going to discuss in the article are:
- Apache Directory Studio
- Open LDAP
- JXplorer
- FreeIPA
- Samba
- 398 Directory Server
- OpenDJ
- Zentyal Active Directory
- Oracle Directory Server Enterprise Edition
- RazDC
Let us discuss them in detail.
1] Apache Directory Studio
The first app on our list is Apache Directory Studio. It is open-source software that is built on Java and LDAP3 certified directory servers. It is certified by Eclipse-based database utilities. Not only that it also supports Kerberos 5 and some other codes as well.
You can download the software from their official website. However, the software won’t work by just installing the software you must have Java 11 or later for it to work on your Windows PC. If you don’t have Java 11 you can download it from AdoptOpenJDK.
2] OpenLDAP
Another free and open-source software on our list is OpenLDAP. It is based on Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and can replace Microsoft Active Directory. With this, you will be an administrator of the LDAP database and can control, search, change, create, and remove items from it.
Using OpenLDAP is pretty simple, you can download and install it on your Windows computer. Then enjoy the feature such as managing password, importing and exporting of LDIF, scheme browsing and more feature that allows you to safeguard your data.
3] JXplorer
If you are after a cross-platform Microsoft Active Directory alternative then JXplorer is what you should be looking at. JXplorer can work on Windows, Linux, and many other platforms.
In JXplorer you can search, read, and edit any LDAP directory with the help of LDAP and DSML interface. It is quite customizable and flexible. It is built on JAVA and has a configurable HTML template.
There are two versions a free one and an Enterprise version. However, you should try the free version first, and if you think that it lacks something then upgrade.
4] FreeIPA
One of the best Microsoft Active Directory alternatives for Linux and Unix-based devices, FreeIPA, is developed by Red Hat. It is a like-to-like replacement of the active directory and has adapted lots of its features.
It has a simple user interface that allows you to control clients simply by downloading the software on your computer. One of its main features is a security information management solution that constitutes Linux, DNS, NTP, and many more. So, If you are running a Unix-based Operating System then there is no better software to manage your clients than FreeIPA.
5] Samba
There are very few active directory software in the market that allows you to create a database on a Unix platform and work as a client on Windows, Samba is one of them. It is one of the best Microsoft Active Directory alternatives for the Unix platform as it works seamlessly on both Unix and Windows as a client.
With this, you will get the best of both worlds, the security of Unix and the simplicity of Windows. They have achieved this effortless connectivity with the help of the Common Internet File System or CIFS. It can also work with other non-Unix hosts such as VMS, AmigaOS, and NetWare.
A user can get all this for free by just downloading the software from their official website.
6] 398 Directory Server
398 Directory Server is another free Microsoft Active Directory alternative for Linux. It has a simple User Interface and one with minimal knowledge can access the software.
They have combined this UI with powerful software that is perfect for thousands of users to work on. The server is LDAPv3 compliant and does secure authentication and transport with the help of TLS and SASL.
You can download the software from their official website and install it on your Linux computer to enjoy this powerful tool for free.
7] OpenDJ
OpenDJ as the name suggests is free open-source software with a simple UI that allows you to create a database like Microsoft Active Directory easily.
It combines both LDAPv3 and DSMLv2 to ensure a seamless workflow. One of its biggest features is that it has a simple and intuitive UI that updates regularly. Built on Javascript, this server is maintained by Oracle, so, you know that it will be secure.
Therefore, if you are looking for a Microsoft Active Directory alternative then you may download OpenDJ.
8] Zentyal Active Directory
Zentyal Active Directory is Microsoft Active Directory alternative to create a server on the Linux platform. Just like JXplorer, Zentyal can allow Windows clients to work on the server even if the network is hosted on a Linux OS.
It has Single Sign-On (SSO) authentication and supports 6 protocols such as POP3, IMAP, SMTP, etc. So, if you are using Linus then you should at least download and install Zentyal Active Directory as it is free. It is a clean and secure solution that just works.
9] Oracle Directory Server Enterprise Edition
Oracle is an old folk in this game as it was called Sun Java System Directory Server. It is one of the best in the business and has tons of features. You can download the software from their official website.
Some of its features are Web Administrative Console, Active Directory synchronization, Directory Proxy, and more. Because of this, we can say that if you are looking for a heterogeneous application then Oracle Directory Server Enterprise Edition is the way to go.
10] RazDC
Last but not least we have RazDC. It is a simple and light software that works on Linux and the best part about this is that it is free.
It is secure and compatible with Microsoft Active Directory with a simple UI that can adjust itself to any screen size. The only caveat is that it is not as powerful as some other software on the list, but if you want to use a light Microsoft Active Directory alternative then you should download RazDC.
Microsoft Active Directory is by far the best database solution built by Microsoft. However, it is not the only software out there in the market, that’s why you should give other software a try.
Read: Verification of prerequisites for Domain Controller promotion failed.
