如今，每个人都以前所未有的速度生成数据。令人担忧(Worryingly)的是，其中大部分都进入了云中，从而将其从您的手中转移到了大公司的手中。您只需要希望他们的政策和安全措施足以将您的数据委托给他们。
但是本地存储在您的计算机或移动设备上的数据呢？如果有人拿到了您的存储介质，他们能否恢复您已删除的信息？如果您不知道，大多数时候从您的硬盘驱动器、SD 卡或手机的内部存储中“删除”信息实际上并不会破坏数据。相反，磁盘的该部分被简单地标记为“可用空间”，以便可以在其上写入新数据。
问题是存在各种技术来从可用空间中恢复已删除的文件。多亏了全盘加密，这不像过去那么严重。但是，如果有人设法登录您的设备，那么您的磁盘已加密这一事实毫无意义。
这就是可用空间文件粉碎机发挥作用的地方。这些软件应用程序在您的文件数据可能仍然存在的可用空间区域上运行特殊的数据擦除协议，因此几乎不可能恢复任何信息。因此，当您删除敏感信息（例如医疗、法律或财务文件）时，您可以放心，它会永远消失。
在这里，我们为每个最流行的操作系统提供了五个很好的文件粉碎程序示例。请记住(Remember)，如果有人真的想抓住你，这不是妄想症。
文件粉碎机(File Shredder)(Windows)(File Shredder (Windows))
File Shredder是一个免费的开源应用程序，可让您使用“磁盘擦除器”选项彻底销毁数据并正确擦除Windows硬盘驱动器上的可用空间。File Shredder包含五种粉碎算法，每一种都比上一种更强大。然而，更强的粉碎需要更多的时间和CPU能力。
除了免费之外，该软件是开源的，这是一个优势。社区中的任何人都可以确保其中没有恶意代码或后门功能。缺点主要是不支持该工具。幸运的是，如果您想花一些钱，作者在File Shredder主页上包含了一份完整的商业替代品列表。
说到花钱，如果您拥有一台Mac并想要同样的数据破坏功能，您将不得不在开发商Stellar的(Stellar)BitRaser for File上花费几美元。
虽然Mac(Mac)商店中有一些免费的应用程序承诺可以完成同样的工作，但它们通常不如BitRaser专业，也不太友好。这似乎与Mac用户一开始就喜欢他们的电脑的原因背道而驰。
也就是说，大约 40 美元，BitRaser并不是那么贵，而且只做一件事。您可以销毁单个文件、擦除整个硬盘驱动器和可用空间。它还具有自动销毁敏感数据的功能，例如互联网浏览历史记录和缓存信息。
它包括六种数据擦除算法可供选择，最重要的是，您可以安排和自动执行擦除任务。因此，即使您无法访问您的计算机，您也可以确保某些数据永远无法恢复。
碎纸机（安卓）(Shreddit (Android))(Shreddit (Android))
我们的整个生活现在都生活在我们的手机上，现在您的Android(Android)智能手机上可能有不止一些物品，您宁愿没有其他人看到过。好消息是，对于像Shreddit这样的应用程序，永久销毁这些数据是小菜一碟。
它很快，取决于您使用的擦除算法。提供的某些选项最多使用七次(seven)，以真正确保没有数据恢复专家可以取回该数据。
该应用程序与Android文件浏览器集成，可以在内部和外部媒体上运行。这里的主要警告是，任何使用Android 4.4或更高版本的人都需要 root 他们的手机才能在他们的 SD 卡上使用Shreddit 。
因此，如果您不愿意这样做，请将您的敏感信息仅保留在内部存储中。然而，这对大多数人来说应该不是问题，因为现代手机要么没有 SD 扩展槽，要么没有太多的内部存储空间，以至于 SD 卡并不是特别有用。
该应用程序受广告支持，但您可以进行少量捐赠以删除广告。
漂白比特(BleachBit)(Linux)(BleachBit (Linux))
Linux已经内置了一些非常强大的磁盘擦除功能，但是使用像BleachBit这样的程序是一种更加用户友好的体验。除了提供文件粉碎功能和可用空间擦除之外，它还可以自动擦除许多常见应用程序中的敏感数据。
BleachBit是完全免费的，但会接受捐款来支持开发。它在Linux(Linux)用户中非常受欢迎
，考虑到它的有用性，这不足为奇。如果你想提高你的Linux机器的数据隐私，这无疑是你应该做的第一站。
iShredder 可用于Android、Windows
和Mac，但这里强调它是为数不多的 iOS 碎纸机之一。该软件不是免费的，但会花费您大约 30 美元。iShredder 可以在将其移交给其他人之前安全地擦除整个设备。
它还可以快速擦除您 iDevice 上的可用空间，确保您过去删除的所有内容都无法恢复。它的删除算法与政府使用的算法相同，是我们为全球数百万 iOS 用户看到的最优雅的工具，可以保护自己免受不必要的数据恢复尝试。
烧录通知(Burn Notice)
隐私比以往任何时候都更加重要，确保您想要离开的信息保持
(stays
)消失是一个好习惯。当然，对于上述多操作系统示例，还有许多替代选择。无论(Regardless)您使用哪种工具，您都会睡得更好一点，因为您知道，无论他们多么努力，没有任何人可以挖掘您的硬盘驱动器中的任何一个。
5 Tools That Can Permanently Destroy Your Data For Every Major OS
These days every single person generаtes data
at an unprecedentеd rаte. Worryingly, much of it goеs into the cloud which
takes it out of your handѕ and іnto that of large corporаtions. You simply have
to hope that their policies and security measures are good enough to entrust
your data to.
But what about data stored locally on your
computer or mobile device? If someone got their hands on your storage media,
could they recover information that you’ve deleted? In case you didn’t know,
most of the time “deleting” information from your hard drive, SD card or
phone’s internal storage doesn’t actually destroy the data. Instead, that part
of the disk is simply marked as “free space” so that new data can be written
over it.
The problem is that various techniques exist
to recover deleted files from free space. Thanks to full-disk encryption, that
not as much of a problem as it’s been in the past. However, if someone manages
to log into your device, the fact that your disk is encrypted means nothing.
That’s where free space file shredders come
into the picture. These software applications run special data erasing
protocols over the free space areas where your file data may still exist,
making it virtually impossible for any information to be recovered. So when you
delete sensitive information such as medical, legal or financial documents, you
can rest assured its gone for good.
Here we’ve got five great examples of file
shredding programs for each of the most popular operating systems. Remember,
it’s not paranoia if someone really is out to get you.
File Shredder is a free and open source
application that lets you utterly destroy data and properly erase the free
space on your Windows hard drives using the “Disk Wiper” option. There are five
shredding algorithms included with File Shredder, each is more powerful than
the last. However, stronger shredding requires more time and CPU power.
Apart from being free, it’s an advantage that
this software is open source. Anyone in the community can ensure that there is
no malicious code or back door functionality in it. The downside is mainly that
there’s no support for the tool. Luckily the author has included a
comprehensive list of commercial alternatives on the File Shredder home page,
if you feel like spending some money.
Speaking of spending money, if you own a Mac and want that same data-destroying goodness, you’ll have to spend a few dollars on BitRaser for File, from developer Stellar.
While there are some free applications on the Mac store that promise to do the same job, they are generally less specialized than BitRaser and less friendly. Which seems counter to the reasons Mac users love their computers in the first place.
That said, as around $40, BitRaser isn’t all
that expensive and only does one thing as well as possible. You can destroy
individual files, wipe entire hard drives and free space. It also has a
function to automatically destroy sensitive data such as internet browsing
histories and cached information.
It includes six data wiping algorithms to
choose from and, best of all, let’s you schedule and automate wiping tasks. So
even if you can’t get to your computer, you can ensure that certain data can
never be recovered.
Our entire lives now live on our phones and
there are probably more than a few items sitting on your Android smartphone
right now you’d rather no one else ever saw. The good news is that with an app
like Shreddit, permanently destroying that data is a piece of cake.
It’s fast, depending on which erasure
algorithm you use. Some of the options on offer use up to seven passes, to really ensure that no data recovery expert will
get that data back.
The app is integrated with the Android file explorer and can operate on both internal and external media. The main caveat here is that anyone on Android 4.4 or later will need to root their phones to use Shreddit on their SD card.
So if you aren’t willing to do that, keep your sensitive information on internal storage only. This shouldn’t be a problem for most people however, since modern phones either don’t have SD expansion slots or have so much internal storage that SD cards aren’t particularly useful.
The app is ad-supported, but you can make a
small donation to remove advertising.
Linux already has some pretty powerful
disk-wiping functionality built in, but using a program like BleachBit is a
much more user-friendly experience. It can automatically erase sensitive data
from many common applications in addition to offering file shredding functions
and free space wiping.
BleachBit is completely free, but will take
donations to support development. It’s an incredibly popular shredding up among
Linux users and given how useful it is that’s no surprise. If you want to
improve the data privacy of your Linux machine, this is undoubtedly the first
stop you should make.
iShredder is available for Android, Windows
and Mac, but it’s being highlighted here for being one of the few iOS shredders
out there. The software is not free, but will set you back around thirty bucks.
iShredder can securely wipe the entire device, before handing it over to
someone else.
It can also quickly wipe the free space on
your iDevice, ensuring that all the stuff you’ve deleted in the past is
unrecoverable. Its deletion algorithms are the same ones used by governments
and is the most elegant tool we’ve seen for the millions of iOS users in the
world to protect themselves from unwanted data recovery attempts.
Burn Notice
Privacy is more important than ever and
ensuring that the information you want gone stays
gone is a good habit to get into. There are, of course, many alternative
choices to the above multi-OS examples. Regardless of which tool you use,
you’ll sleep just a little better knowing that no one who nabs one of your hard
drive can dig up any dirt, no matter how hard they try.
