当您使用计算机上网时，如果没有IP 地址(IP address)，则无法完成此任务。如果你愿意，你可以尝试，但结果总是一样的，即没有互联网连接，期间。
现在，并不是每个人都知道 IP 地址的基础知识。考虑到所有这些，我们决定解释什么是 IP 地址，以及计算机和网络中的三种 IP 地址。就目前而言，您应该在本文结尾处对 IP 地址是什么以及三种此类地址有基本的了解。
什么是 IP 地址？
IP 地址，也称为Internet 协议(Internet Protocol)地址，是连接到网络的计算机的分类号。当 IP 地址处于活动状态时，它仅意味着主计算设备将能够通过基于 IP 的网络与其他设备进行通信。
Internet 协议(Internet Protocol)有多个版本，但最广为人知的是IPv4和IPv6。需要指出的是，IPv4将 IP 地址定义为 32 位数字，而IPv6将 IP 地址定义为 128 位数字。
此外，人们应该知道 IP 地址是以人类可读的形式编写和显示的，因此是数字。
IP地址的作用是什么？
这很简单。根据我们的深刻理解，IP 地址旨在识别网络接口，并从那里传递主机在网络中的位置。完成后，将创建一条路径以将网络与主机连接起来。
作用如下：“名字表明我们所追求的。地址表明它在哪里。路线指示如何到达那里。”
不同类型的 IP 地址
单播 IP 地址
好的，那么让我们看一下单播形式的第一类IP地址。这个特定的地址有一个单一的接口，它主要用于一对一的通信。此外，单播 IP(Unicast IP)地址用于将数据包发送到网络上的选定主机。
组播 IP 地址
好吧(Alright)，所以在一个重要方面与单播(Unicast)相比，这个有点不同。它不仅限于一对一的通信，还可以进行一对多的通信。此外，它还用于多播(Multicast)组。
您会看到，当使用多播 IP(Multicast IP)地址时，路由器会将数据包的副本发送到具有订阅多播(Multicast)组地址的主机的接口。只有应该接收消息的主机会处理数据包，而其他主机会自动丢弃它们。
广播 IP 地址
我们要在这里查看的最后一种 IP 地址是广播 IP(Broadcast IP)。它用于向网络可用的所有可能目的地发送信息。通过广播 IP(Broadcast IP)地址发送的任何消息都可以被连接到网络的所有主机接收。
现在，如果您有兴趣在Windows计算机上查看(Windows)广播 IP(Broadcast IP)地址，则需要打开命令提示符(Command Prompt)，然后复制并粘贴以下内容：
ipconfig /all
完成后，您现在应该会看到您一直在寻找的所有信息。
不同类别的 IP 地址
根据我们收集的信息，TCP/IP定义了五类 IP 地址。它们是：A、B、C、D 和E(E. One)类。应该注意，每个类都有一系列有效的 IP 地址。
您会看到，A、B 和 C 类的 IP 地址可以在许多情况下使用，但主要用于主机地址。就D 类(Class D)而言，它是为Multicast设计的，而 E 则具有更多的实验目的。
让我们进一步分解，以便您更好地了解这些 IP 地址类别的含义。
- A： 它的第一个八位字节(Octet)值为 0-127，子网掩码(Subnet)为 8
- B： 它的第一个八位字节(Octet)值为 128-191，子网掩码(Subnet)为 16
- C： 它的第一个八位字节(Octet)值为 192-223，子网掩码(Subnet)为 23
- D： 它的第一个八位字节(Octet)值为 224-239，子网掩码(Subnet)为 -
- E： 它的第一个八位字节(Octet)值为 240-55，子网掩码(Subnet)为 -
如果您有任何疑问，请随时在下面发表评论。
阅读下一篇(Read next)：如何找到路由器 IP 地址。(How to find the Router IP address.)
Types and Classes of IP addresses explained
When you use your computer to go on the intеrnet, this task cannot be accomplished without an IP address. You could try if you want, but the results will always be the same, which is, no internet connection, period.
Now, not everyone knows the basics of an IP address. With all of that in mind, we have decided to explain what an IP address is, and the three types of IP addresses found in computers and networks. As it stands right now, you should have a basic knowledge of what an IP address is and three types of such addresses by the end of the article.
What is an IP Address?
An IP address, also known as an Internet Protocol address, is a classifying number for computers connected to a network. When an IP address is active, it simply means the primary computing device will have the ability to communicate with other devices over an IP-based network.
There are multiple versions of the Internet Protocol, but the most known as IPv4 and IPv6. We should point out that IPv4 defines an IP address as a 32-bit number, while IPv6 defines an IP address as a 128-bit number.
Additionally, folks should know that IP addresses are written and displayed in human-readable form, hence the numbers.
What is the function of an IP address?
It’s simple. From our deep understanding, the IP address is designed to identify the network interface, and from there, delivers the location of the host computer in the network. Once that is done, a pathway is created to connect the network with the host.
The role is as follows: “A name indicates what we seek. An address indicates where it is. A route indicates how to get there.”
Different Types of IP addresses
Unicast IP address
OK, so let us look at the first type of IP address in the form of unicast. This particular address has a single interface, and it is primarily used for one-to-one communications. Additionally, the Unicast IP address is used to send packets to a chosen host on the network.
Multicast IP address
Alright then, so this one is a bit different when compared to Unicast in one significant way. Instead of being limited to one-to-one communications, it is capable of one-to-many communication. Furthermore, it is used for Multicast groups.
You see, when a Multicast IP address is in play, the routers send out copies of a packet to the interface that has a host subscribed to the Multicast group address. Only the host who should receive the message will process the packets, while others will automatically discard them.
Broadcast IP addresses
The final type of IP address we want to look at here is Broadcast IP. It is used to send information to all possible destinations that are available to a network. Any message sent via the Broadcast IP address can be received by all hosts attached to the network.
Now, if you’re interested in viewing the Broadcast IP address on your Windows computer, then you need to open the Command Prompt, then copy and paste the following:
ipconfig /all
Once that is done, you should now see all the information you’ve been looking for.
Different Classes of IP addresses
From what we’ve gathered, there are five classes of IP addresses as defined by TCP/IP. They are: class A, B, C, D, and E. One should note that each class has a range of valid IP addresses.
You see, the IP addresses of classes A, B, and C, can be used in many instances, but primarily for host addresses. In terms of Class D, it is designed for Multicast, while E has a more experimental purpose.
Let us break things down some more so you can have a better understanding of what these classes of IP addresses entail.
- A: It has a first Octet value of 0-127, with a Subnet mask of 8
- B: It has a first Octet value of 128-191, with a Subnet mask of 16
- C: It has a first Octet value of 192-223, with a Subnet mask of 23
- D: It has a first Octet value of 224-239, with a Subnet mask of –
- E: It has a first Octet value of 240-55, with a Subnet mask of –
If you have any questions, please feel free to leave a comment below.
Read next: How to find the Router IP address.
