兼容性(Compatibility)问题是企业不轻易迁移到最新操作系统的首要原因之一。除此之外，时间和成本是使企业远离将遗留 Web 应用程序迁移到现代标准的另外两个因素。尽管旧版本Windows（Windows 8.1和Windows 7）上的大多数桌面应用程序都可以在Windows 10上运行而没有任何问题，但旧版 Web 应用程序不能在(the Legacy web apps don’t run on the modern web browsers)Microsoft Edge 等现代 Web 浏览器上运行。
另一件需要注意的事情是，将遗留 Web 应用程序重写为现代标准是一个完全耗时且昂贵的过程。确保这些旧版应用程序在(Legacy)Windows客户适应较新版本的Windows时不会阻止他们；微软(Microsoft)已决定Windows 10 将同时包含Internet Explorer 11和Microsoft Edge。这将确保与所有现有遗留应用程序具有一致且可预测的兼容性级别。
企业模式站点列表门户
为拥有大量内部站点的大型组织管理多个浏览器可能是一项艰巨的任务。Microsoft发布了一个名为Enterprise Mode Site List Portal的新 Web 工具，以帮助管理双浏览器体验。该网络工具专门针对大型组织。
边缘是未来
微软(Microsoft)已经明确表示Edge是未来，但(Edge)Internet Explorer会发生什么？Internet Explorer 11与Edge结合的可用性是为了帮助企业按照自己的计划升级其 Web 应用程序。但是，微软(Microsoft)将继续支持Internet Explorer 11 ，直到(Internet Explorer 11)Windows 7、Windows 8.1 和 Windows 10的预期寿命。
确定您对传统技术的依赖
了解公司内部网站和 Web 应用程序的确切数量是可能的，但这又取决于许多因素。此外，随着组织的发展，Web 应用程序的数量也会按比例增长，从而难以控制。因此(Hence)，现代化 Web 应用程序成为许多组织的固有问题。要确定一个组织对遗留技术的依赖程度，他们首先需要确定所有需要测试的站点并了解其最佳配置。微软(Microsoft)列出了一些方法来做到这一点：
- F12 开发者工具(F12 developer tools)
这是最手动的方法，Internet Explorer 11中的(Internet Explorer 11)F12开发人员工具可以模拟具有多种文档(Document)模式和企业模式(Enterprise Modes)的任何站点。使用不同的选项，您可以确定适当的兼容性设置。这种方法不需要大量配置，但需要一些培训来了解该过程背后的技术。F12开发人员工具允许您逐一构建站点列表以及它们所需的遗留技术。
- 企业站点发现(Enterprise site discovery)
Enterprise Site Discovery是一种更加自动化的方法，它会自动收集任何一组指定计算机上的库存数据。该工具可捕获URL、域、文档模式、浏览器状态原因以及用户在任何时候浏览 Web 时的访问次数等数据，这些信息有助于组织构建他们使用的网站列表，并且还可以对其进行限定到特定的域和区域以保护隐私。
- Windows 升级分析(Windows Upgrade analytics)
这是最具可扩展性的解决方案，它是一项免费服务，可帮助 IT 部门轻松分析其环境并升级到Windows 10。它通过Operations Management Suite做到这一点。作为该解决方案的一部分，组织可以收集相同的站点发现数据，这也可以针对隐私进行限定。该工具比其他工具更进一步，因为它会自动分析原始库存数据并生成快照报告。
配置您的企业浏览环境
Edge和IE11在Windows 10上可以更好地协同工作。在确定您对传统(Legacy)技术的依赖后，您可以选择多个选项来配置您的企业浏览环境。Microsoft在其博客文章中列出了一些选项，请选择最适合您要求的选项。
- 使用 Microsoft Edge(Use Microsoft Edge)作为您的主要浏览器
- 使用 Microsoft Edge(Use Microsoft Edge)作为主要浏览器并使用企业模式(Enterprise Mode)在IE11中打开使用 IE 专有技术的站点
- 使用 Microsoft Edge(Use Microsoft Edge)作为主要浏览器并在IE11中打开所有 Intranet 站点(IE11)
- 使用 IE11(Use IE11)作为主要浏览器并使用企业模式(Enterprise Mode)在Microsoft Edge中打开使用现代 Web 技术的站点
- 使用 IE11 作为您的主要浏览器
管理双浏览器体验
让我们看看微软(Microsoft)如何定义使用现代浏览器的体验，同时保持与旧应用程序的兼容性。
企业模式站点列表
Enterprise Mode Site List是一个 XML 文档，其中可以指定站点列表、它们的紧凑模式和它们的预期浏览器。此架构允许您在特定的 Web 浏览器中自动启动页面。Microsoft指定了两种工具来简化这个复杂的过程。
- 企业模式站点列表管理器(Enterprise mode site list manager)
这个工具最适合那些拥有相对较小列表的人。这是管理企业模式站点列表(Enterprise Mode Site List)的最简单方法之一。它有助于创建无错误的XML文档，具有简单的 n+1 版本控制和URL验证。它有两个版本：
- XML 模式 – 对于旧的
- XML 模式 – 对于新的
微软(Microsoft)在博文中指出，该工具不适用于站点列表较大或多个用户管理站点列表的情况。
- 企业模式站点列表门户(Enterprise Mode Site List Portal)
企业模式站点列表门户(Enterprise Mode Site List Portal)是Microsoft发布的新 Web 工具。该工具有助于管理双浏览器体验。该网络工具专门针对大型组织。企业模式站点列表门户(Enterprise Mode Site List Portal)可帮助-
- (Manage)从任何支持Windows 7(Windows 7)或更高版本的设备管理站点列表
- 提交变更请求
- (Operate)通过本地解决方案离线操作
- 提供基于角色的治理
- (Test)在发布到实时环境之前测试配置设置
- 可以(Have)访问与客户端工具相同的操作，非常适合较小的列表
与企业模式站点列表管理器(Enterprise Mode Site List Manager)不同，此新工具允许管理由应用程序托管的企业模式站点列表(Enterprise Mode Site List)，并拥有多个用户。
Microsoft展示了一系列有助于有效管理企业中的旧 Web 应用程序的选项。要了解有关在企业中管理 Web 浏览器的更多信息，请访问windows.com。
Manage legacy web apps with Microsoft’s Enterprise Mode Site List Portal
Compatibility issues are one of thе foremost reaѕons why enterprises don’t easily migrate to the latest OS. Apart from that, time and cost аre the other two factors keepіng the enterprises away from migrating legacy web aрps to modеrn standards. Despite the fact that most of the deѕktop aрps on older versiоns of Windows (Windows 8.1 and Windows 7) would run on Windows 10 without any issue, the Legacy web apps don’t run on the modern web browsers like Microsoft Edge.
Another thing to note is that rewriting the legacy web apps to modern standards is a totally time-consuming and expensive process. To make sure that these Legacy apps do not block the Windows customers as they adapt to the newer versions of Windows; Microsoft has decided that Windows 10 would include both Internet Explorer 11 and Microsoft Edge. This will ensure that there is a consistent and predictable level of compatibility with all the existing legacy applications.
Enterprise Mode Site List Portal
Managing multiple browsers for large organizations with a considerable number of internal sites can become a difficult task. Microsoft has released a new web tool called the Enterprise Mode Site List Portal to help manage dual-browser experience. This web tool is specifically targeted towards larger organizations.
Edge is the future
Microsoft has made it very clear that Edge is the future, but what would happen to the Internet Explorer? The availability of Internet Explorer 11 in conjunction with Edge is to help the enterprises upgrade their web apps on their own schedule. However, Microsoft would continue to support Internet Explorer 11 until the life expectancy of Windows 7, Windows 8.1, and Windows 10.
Determine your dependency on legacy technologies
Knowing the exact number of internal sites and web apps in your company is possible, but again this is dependent on many factors. Also to add, as the organization grows, the number of web apps also grows proportionally making it difficult to control. Hence modernizing web apps becomes an inherent problem for many organization. To determine how dependent an organization is on the legacy technologies, they first need to identify all the sites that require testing and learn their optimal configuration. Microsoft listed some ways to do this:
- F12 developer tools
This is the most manual approach, with the F12 developer tools in Internet Explorer 11 emulate any site with diverse Document modes and Enterprise Modes. With the different options, you can determine the appropriate compatibility setting. This approach doesn’t require a lot of configuration but does need some training to understand the technology behind the process. F12 developer tools allow you to build a list of sites one-by-one along with the legacy technologies they require.
- Enterprise site discovery
Enterprise Site Discovery is a more automated approach, this one automatically collects inventory data on any set of designated computers. This tool captures data like URL, domain, document mode, browser state reason, and a number of visits any time a user browses the web, this information helps the organization to build a list of websites used by them and the same can also be scoped to particular domains and zones for privacy.
- Windows Upgrade analytics
This one is the most scalable solution, it is a free service which helps IT departments easily analyze their environment and upgrade to Windows 10. It does this through the Operations Management Suite. The organization can collect the same site discovery data as a part of this solution and this can also be scoped for privacy. This tool is one step further than the others, as it automatically analyses the raw inventory data and generates snapshot reports.
Configure your enterprise browsing environment
The Edge and IE11 work better together on Windows 10. After you determine your dependency on Legacy technologies there are several options from which you can choose to configure your enterprise browsing environment. Microsoft listed a few options in their blog post, choose the best one that suits your requirements.
- Use Microsoft Edge as your primary browser
- Use Microsoft Edge as your primary browser and use Enterprise Mode to open sites in IE11 that use IE proprietary technologies
- Use Microsoft Edge as your primary browser and open all intranet sites in IE11
- Use IE11 as your primary browser and use Enterprise Mode to open sites in Microsoft Edge that use modern web technologies
- Use IE11 as your primary browser
Managing the dual-browser experience
Let’s see how Microsoft defines the experience of using the modern browser yet maintaining the compatibility with the older apps.
Enterprise mode site list
Enterprise Mode Site List is an XML document where the list of sites, their compact mode, and their intended browser can be specified. This schema allows you to automatically launch a page in a particular web browser. Microsoft has specified two tools to make this complex process easier.
- Enterprise mode site list manager
This tool is best for those who have a relatively small size list. It is one of the easiest ways to manage your Enterprise Mode Site List. It helps to create error-free XML documents, with simple n+1 versioning and URL verification. It has two versions:
- XML schema – For old
- XML schema – For new
Microsoft points out in the blog post that this tool is not suitable where the site list is large or where more than one user manages the site list.
- Enterprise Mode Site List Portal
Enterprise Mode Site List Portal is a new web tool released by Microsoft. This tool helps to manage dual-browser experience. This web tool is specifically targeted towards larger organizations. The Enterprise Mode Site List Portal helps-
- Manage site lists from any device supporting Windows 7 or greater
- Submit change requests
- Operate offline via an on-premise solution
- Provide role-based governance
- Test configuration settings before releasing to a live environment
- Have access to the same operations as the client tool, ideal for smaller lists
Unlike the Enterprise Mode Site List Manager this new tool allows managing the Enterprise Mode Site List, hosted by the app, with multiple users.
Microsoft illustrates a range of options that would help to manage legacy web apps in the enterprise efficiently. To learn more about managing web browsers in the enterprise visit windows.com.
