很多人的家里和工作场所都有几台电脑。如果您是其中之一，那么您可能需要与同一网络上的其他用户和计算机共享文件夹、文件和库。不幸的是，许多人不知道如何在他们的网络上共享某些东西，而是使用其他更笨重的共享方法，例如电子邮件。以下是如何使用Windows的共享向导通过网络共享任何文件夹、文件或库：
注意：(NOTE:)本指南涵盖带有2020 年 5 月更新(May 2020 Update)的 Windows 10和Windows 7。尽管Windows 7有一些额外的共享选项在(Windows 7)Windows 10中不再可用，但大多数事情在两种操作系统中的工作方式都是一样的。阅读本教程的第一部分以了解如何使用共享向导，并阅读最后一部分以了解您在Windows 7的共享向导中获得的其他选项。如果您不知道您拥有的Windows版本，请阅读：我安装了哪个版本的 Windows？(What version of Windows do I have installed?).
如何使用Windows(Windows)共享向导与网络共享文件夹、文件和库
在与本地网络上的其他人或计算机共享内容之前，您必须配置以下几项：
- 首先，确保您从中共享的 PC 和您要从中访问共享文件、文件夹或库的 PC 在同一个Workgroup中。如果您不知道如何检查或如何更改您的工作组(Workgroup)，本指南将为您提供帮助：什么是工作组以及如何在 Windows 中更改它？(What is the Workgroup & How to Change it in Windows?).
- 其次，在它们之间共享文件、文件夹或库的所有计算机和设备都应使用专用(Private)网络配置文件。如果您需要这方面的帮助，请阅读如何将 Windows 10 网络位置更改为私有（或公共）(How to change the Windows 10 network location to private (or public))或将您的 Windows 7 网络位置更改为公共、家庭或工作，分两步(Change your Windows 7 network location to Public, Home or Work, in 2 steps)，具体取决于您使用的操作系统。
满足上述先决条件后，打开文件资源管理器(open File Explorer)（或Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)，在Windows 7中）并浏览到要共享的项目。然后，选择要共享的文件、文件夹或库并右键单击。在上下文菜单中，转到“授予访问权限”("Give access to")（或在Windows 7中(Windows 7)与 共享(Share with)），然后单击或点击特定人员(Specific people)。
启动Windows 10(Windows 10)共享向导的另一种方法是选择要共享的项目，然后单击或点击文件资源管理器功能区中(File Explorer's)共享(Share)选项卡上的特定人员(Specific people)按钮。
注意：(NOTE:)特定人员选项是(Specific people)Windows 10中唯一可用的选项，它允许您与一个或多个用户甚至用户组共享所选项目，并为每个用户设置单独的共享权限。
上一个操作打开共享向导，Windows 10 将其称为网络访问(Network access)。在其中，您现在必须“选择要分享的人”。("choose people to share with.")键入要与其共享所选项目的用户帐户或用户组的名称。
或者，您可以单击或点击文本字段旁边的箭头以选择您想要与其共享您之前选择的文件夹、文件或库的用户。一个有趣的选项是您可以与所有人(Everyone)共享这些项目，这意味着您网络中的任何计算机和用户帐户都可以访问这些项目。
完成键入或选择要与其共享文件夹、文件或库的人员后，单击或点击“添加(Add)”按钮。然后，您键入或选择的用户将在下面的部分中列出。
对于您添加的每个用户，您还可以设置他们的共享权限。在每个用户或用户组的右侧，单击或点击权限级别，(Permission Level,)然后选择您要授予他或她的共享权限类型：
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阅读(Read)- 用户或组只能查看和阅读共享项目。他、她或他们不能更改或删除项目。
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Read/Write- 用户或组可以查看、阅读、更改或删除共享项目。
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删除(Remove)- 用户或组不再有权访问共享项目。
添加完所需的所有用户或用户组后，单击或点击Windows 10共享向导右下角的“共享”按钮。(Share)
Windows 10共享向导的最后一步会告诉您一切都已完成，并且“您可以通过电子邮件向某人发送这些共享项目的链接，或者将链接复制并粘贴到另一个应用程序中。” ("You can e-mail someone links to these shared items, or copy and paste the links into another app.")如果需要，您可以单击或点击电子邮件(e-mail)链接，将包含共享项目路径的消息发送给您想要的人。您还可以单击或点击复制(copy)链接以获取剪贴板中的路径，并使用其他方式将其发送给您想要的人。无论哪种方式，您共享的文件、文件夹或库现在都可以在您的网络中使用，供您选择的所有用户使用。单击(Click)或点击完成(Done)以关闭共享向导。
如何在Windows中停止共享文件夹、文件或库(Windows)
要停止共享文件夹、文件或库，请右键单击或按住它，然后选择“授予访问权限”("Give access to")（或Windows 7中的共享方式(Share with)）并单击或点击删除访问权限(Remove access)（或停止共享，(Stop sharing,)在 Windows 7 中）。
或者，您也可以使用文件资源管理器(File Explorer)中的功能区。选择要停止共享的项目，然后单击或点击功能区上的共享(Share)选项卡，然后按删除访问权限(Remove access)。
所选项目不再与任何人共享。
注意：(NOTE:)如果您想知道在本地网络上共享了哪些文件夹以及共享了多少个文件夹，这里有三种不同的方法(three different ways to do it)。
如果您没有看到共享向导怎么办？
如果您没有看到本教程中提供的共享选项，并且您得到的只是对高级共享(Advanced sharing)的引用，那么这意味着共享向导(Sharing Wizard)已被禁用。
要启用它，请打开文件夹选项(open Folder Options)，转到查看(View)选项卡，然后在高级设置列表中，选中“使用共享向导”("Use Sharing Wizard")选项。然后单击或点击确定(OK)以应用您的设置。
如果您无法使用高级共享(Advanced Sharing)，或者您更喜欢使用它，请阅读本教程：如何使用 Windows 高级共享与特定用户共享文件夹(How to use Windows advanced sharing to share folders with specific users)。
您在Windows 7中还有哪些其他共享选项？
Windows 7 的共享向导的工作方式与Windows 10中的相同。但是，当您启动它时，您还有一些Windows 10(Windows 10)中不可用的附加选项。这些共享选项仅适用于家庭组，不幸的是，(Homegroups)微软(Microsoft)选择从Windows 10中删除该功能。当您右键单击Windows 7中的文件夹、文件或库时，上下文菜单的共享对象(Share with)部分还允许您选择与以下对象共享这些项目：
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家庭组（阅读）(Homegroup (Read)) - 与家庭组中的其他计算机和设备共享所选项目，(Homegroup)允许他们查看和阅读它，而无需修改、删除或以任何方式更改它。如果您断开与家庭组(Homegroup)的连接，则不再共享该项目。
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Homegroup (Read/Write)家庭组(Homegroup)的其他计算机和设备共享，并允许他们查看、读取、更改或删除其内容。当您与家庭组(Homegroup)断开连接时，该项目将不再共享。
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其他用户帐户的名称(Names of other user accounts)- 如果您的Windows计算机上存在其他用户帐户，您可能会看到它们被列为共享选项。如果您看到并选择另一个用户帐户，则该用户可以查看您正在共享的项目。该用户可能存在于不止一台计算机或设备上。无论他或她使用什么计算机，所选项目都会与该用户帐户共享。
您是否(Did)成功使用了共享向导？
正如您在本指南中所见，与网络上的其他人共享文件夹并不难。只需点击几下或轻按几下即可。在结束本教程之前，让我们知道本指南是否有用。你(Did)遇到问题了吗？如果你这样做了，请在下面发表评论，让我们讨论一下。
How to share folders, files, and libraries with the network, in Windows
A lоt of people have several computers in their homes аnd workplaces. If you're one of them, then you may need to share folders, files, and libraries with other users and computerѕ on the same network. Unfortunately, manу dоn't know how to share something оn theіr network, and use other, clunkier methods for sharing, likе e-mail. Here is how tо use Windows' sharing wizard to share any folder, file, or lіbrary over the network:
NOTE: This guide covers Windows 10 with May 2020 Update and Windows 7. Most things work the same in both operating systems, although Windows 7 has a few additional sharing options that are no longer available in Windows 10. Read the first part of this tutorial to learn how to use the sharing wizard, and the last section to see what are the additional options you get in the sharing wizard from Windows 7. If you do not know the version of Windows that you have, read: What version of Windows do I have installed?.
How to share folders, files, and libraries with the network, using the Windows sharing wizard
Before you can share things with other people or computers on your local network, there are a couple of things you must configure:
- First, make sure that both the PC from which you're sharing and the ones from which you want to access the shared files, folders, or libraries are on the same Workgroup. If you don't know how to check that or how to change your Workgroup, this guide is going to help you: What is the Workgroup & How to Change it in Windows?.
- Secondly, all the computers and devices that share files, folders, or libraries between them should use a Private network profile. If you need help with that, read How to change the Windows 10 network location to private (or public) or Change your Windows 7 network location to Public, Home or Work, in 2 steps, depending on what operating system you're using.
Once the above prerequisites are met, open File Explorer (or Windows Explorer, in Windows 7) and browse to the item or items that you want to share. Then, select the file(s), folder(s), or library(ies) that you want to share and right-click. In the contextual menu, go to "Give access to" (or Share with, in Windows 7) and click or tap on Specific people.
An alternative way to launch the Windows 10 sharing wizard is to select the items you want to share and then click or tap the Specific people button on the Share tab from File Explorer's ribbon.
NOTE: The Specific people option is the only one available in Windows 10, and it allows you to share the selected item with one or more users, or even groups of users, as well as set individual sharing permissions for each.
The previous action opens the sharing wizard, which Windows 10 calls Network access. In it, you must now "choose people to share with." Type the name of the user account or group of users with whom you want to share the items you selected.
Alternatively, you can click or tap on the arrow next to the text field to select the user(s) with whom you want to share the folders, files, or libraries that you've chosen earlier. An interesting option is that you can share the items with Everyone, meaning that any computer and user account from your network gets access to those items.
Once you're done typing or selecting the people with whom you want to share your folders, files, or libraries, click or tap the Add button. The user(s) that you've typed or selected are then listed in the section below.
For every user(s) that you've added, you can also set their sharing permissions. On the right side of each user or group of users, click or tap on the Permission Level, and choose the type of sharing permissions that you want to give him or her:
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Read - the user or the group can only view and read the shared item(s). He, she, or them can't change or delete the item(s).
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Read/Write - the user or the group can view, read, change, or delete the shared item(s).
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Remove - the user or the group no longer has access to the shared item.
After you've finished adding all the users or groups of users that you wanted, click or tap on the Share button from the bottom-right corner of the Windows 10 sharing wizard.
The final step of the Windows 10 sharing wizard tells you that everything's done, and that "You can e-mail someone links to these shared items, or copy and paste the links into another app." If you want, you can click or tap on the e-mail link to send a message with the path of the shared items to the people you want. You can also click or tap the copy link to get the path in your clipboard and send it to the people you want using other means. Either way, the files, folders, or libraries you've shared are now available in your network, for all the users that you've chosen. Click or tap on Done to close the sharing wizard.
How to stop sharing folders, files, or libraries in Windows
To stop sharing a folder, file, or library, right-click or press-and-hold on it, then select "Give access to" (or Share with, in Windows 7) and click or tap on Remove access (or Stop sharing, in Windows 7).
Alternatively, you can also use the ribbon from File Explorer. Select the item that you want to stop sharing, then click or tap the Share tab on the ribbon and press Remove access.
The selected item is no longer shared with anyone.
NOTE: If you're curious to see what and how many folders you're sharing on your local network, here are three different ways to do it.
What if you don't see the sharing wizard?
If you do not see the sharing options presented in this tutorial, and all you get are references to Advanced sharing, then it means that the Sharing Wizard is disabled.
To enable it, open Folder Options, go to the View tab, and, in the list of advanced settings, check the "Use Sharing Wizard" option. Then click or tap OK to apply your setting.
If you are stuck using Advanced Sharing, or if you prefer using it, then read this tutorial: How to use Windows advanced sharing to share folders with specific users.
What other sharing options do you get in Windows 7?
Windows 7's sharing wizard works the same way as the one in Windows 10. However, when you start it, you have a few additional options that are not available in Windows 10. These are sharing options that only work for Homegroups, a feature that Microsoft, unfortunately, chose to remove from Windows 10. When you right-click on a folder, file, or library in Windows 7, the Share with section of the contextual menu also lets you choose to share those items with the:
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Homegroup (Read) - shares the selected item with other computers and devices on the Homegroup, allowing them to view it and read it without being able to modify it, delete it or change it in any way. If you disconnect from the Homegroup, the item is no longer shared.
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Homegroup (Read/Write) - the selected item is shared with other computers and devices that are part of the Homegroup and allows them to view, read, change, or delete its contents. The item is no longer shared when you disconnect from the Homegroup.
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Names of other user accounts - if other user accounts exist on your Windows computer, you may see them listed as sharing options. If you see and choose another user account, that user can view the item you are sharing. That user may exist on more than one computer or device. The selected item is shared with that user account no matter what computer he or she is using.
Did you use the sharing wizard successfully?
As you could see in this guide, sharing folders with others on the network is not that difficult. All it takes is a few clicks or taps. Before closing this tutorial, let us know whether this guide was helpful or not. Did you encounter problems? If you did, comment below and let's discuss.
