无线协议和加密方法存在许多固有风险。因此，为了最小化它们，使用了不同无线安全协议的强大框架。这些无线安全协议^{(Wireless Security Protocols)}通过对无线网络上传输的数据进行加密来确保防止对计算机的未经授权的访问。

WPA2、WPA、WEP Wi-Fi 协议^{(WEP Wi-Fi Protocols)}之间的区别

大多数无线接入点都能够启用以下三种无线加密标准之一：

1. WEP（有线等效保密）
2. WPA 或 Wi-Fi 保护访问
3. WPA2

WEP 或有线等效隐私

第一个标志其外观的无线安全网络是WEP或有线等效隐私^{(Wired Equivalent Privacy)}。它从 64 位加密（弱）开始，最终一路上升到 256 位加密（强）。路由器中最流行的实现仍然是 128 位加密（中间）。

它被认为是最终的解决方案，直到安全研究人员发现其中的几个漏洞，黑客可以在几分钟内破解WEP密钥。^(WEP)它使用CRC或循环冗余校验^{(Cyclic Redundancy Check)}。

WPA 或 Wi-Fi 保护访问

为了解决它的缺点，WPA被开发为一种新的无线协议安全标准。它使用TKIP或临时密钥完整性协议^{(Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)}来确保消息完整性。这在某种程度上与WEP^(WEP)不同，前者使用CRC或Cyclic Redundancy Check。TKIP被认为比CRC强得多。它的使用确保了每个数据包都使用唯一的加密密钥发送。密钥^(Key)混合增加了解码密钥的复杂性，从而减少了入侵实例。但是，与WEP一样，WPA也有缺陷。因此，WPA被推进到WPA 2。

阅读^(Read)： 什么是 Wi-Fi 6E^{(What is Wi-Fi 6E)}？

WPA2

WPA 2目前被认为是最安全的协议。WPA和WPA2之间可见的一个最重要的变化是强制使用AES（高级加密标准） ^{(Advanced Encryption Standard) )}算法和引入CCMP（具有块链消息验证码协议的计数器密码模式）^{(CCMP (Counter Cipher Mode with Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol))}作为 TKIP 的替代品。

CCM模式结合了计数器(^(Counter) CTR )^(CTR)模式隐私和密码块链接消息验证码^{(Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code)}( CBC-MAC ) 验证。这些模式已被广泛研究并被发现具有易于理解的密码属性，可在软件或硬件中提供良好的安全性和性能。

阅读下一篇^{(Read next)}：  WPA3-Personal 和 WPA3-Enterprise Wi-Fi Encryption解释。

Difference between WPA, WPA2 & WEP Wi-Fi Protocols

There are many inherent risks assoсiated with wireless protoсols and encryption methods. So, to minimize thеm a robυst framework of different wirеless security protocolѕ is used. These Wireless Security Protocols assure the prevention of unauthorized access to computers by encrypting the transmitted data on a wireless network.

Difference between WPA2, WPA, WEP Wi-Fi Protocols

Most wireless access points come with the ability to enable one of three wireless encryption standards:

1. WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)
2. WPA or Wi-Fi Protected Access
3. WPA2

WEP or Wired Equivalent Privacy

The first wireless security network to mark its appearance was WEP or Wired Equivalent Privacy. It started off with 64-bit encryption (weak) and eventually went all the way up to 256-bit encryption (strong). The most popular implementation in routers continues to be 128-bit encryption (intermediate).

It was considered as the eventual solution until security researchers discovered several vulnerabilities in it that allowed hackers to crack a WEP key within a few minutes. It used CRC or Cyclic Redundancy Check.

WPA or Wi-Fi Protected Access

To address its shortcomings, WPA was developed as a new security standard for wireless protocols. It used TKIP or Temporal Key Integrity Protocol to ensure message integrity. This was different from WEP in a way, the former used CRC or Cyclic Redundancy Check. TKIP was believed to be much stronger than CRC. The use of it ensured that every data packet was sent with a unique encryption key. Key mixing increased the complexity of decoding the keys and thereby reducing instances of intrusions. However, like WEP, WPA too had a flaw. As such, WPA was advanced into WPA 2.

Read: What is Wi-Fi 6E?

WPA2

WPA 2 is currently recognized as the most secure protocol. The single most important change visible between WPA and WPA2 is the mandatory use of AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithms and the introduction of CCMP (Counter Cipher Mode with Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol) as a replacement for TKIP.

The CCM mode combines Counter (CTR) mode privacy and Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code (CBC-MAC) authentication. These modes have been extensively studied and are found to have well-understood cryptographic properties that provide good security and performance in software or hardware.

Read next: WPA3-Personal and WPA3-Enterprise Wi-Fi Encryption explained.

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