在您的 Windows 11/10/8/7 操作系统上，如果您收到错误消息：程序 exe 或 COM 代理已停止工作。一个问题导致程序停止正常工作。Windows 将关闭程序并通知您是否有可用的解决方案^{(Program exe or COM Surrogate has stopped working. A problem caused the program to stop working correctly. Windows will close the program and notify you if a solution is available)}，然后这里有一些故障排除步骤，我想建议哪些可能有助于解决此类错误。

什么是 COM 代理

dllhost.exe进程的名称为COM Surrogate^{(COM Surrogate)}。它位于System 32文件夹中。

COM 代表组件对象模型^{(Component Object Model)}。该过程的描述如下：

Manages the configuration and tracking of Component Object Model (COM)+-based components. If the service is stopped, most COM+-based components will not function properly. If this service is disabled, any services that explicitly depend on it will fail to start.

微软说，

COM Surrogate is the sacrificial process for a COM object that is run outside of the process that requested it. Explorer uses the COM Surrogate when extracting thumbnails, for example. If you go to a folder with thumbnails enabled, Explorer will fire off a COM Surrogate and use it to compute the thumbnails for the documents in the folder. It does this because Explorer has learned not to trust thumbnail extractors; they have a poor track record for stability. Explorer has decided to absorb the performance penalty in exchange for the improved reliability resulting in moving these dodgy bits of code out of the main Explorer process. When the thumbnail extractor crashes, the crash destroys the COM Surrogate process instead of Explorer.

COM 代理已停止工作

几乎没有什么原因会导致此类错误或程序损坏、UAC设置、恶意软件^(Malware)感染、DEP设置等。如果您最近更新了设备驱动程序，您可能想要回滚并查看是否有帮助。如果问题是最近才出现的，您能否尝试系统还原，看看是否可以解决问题？通过文件资源管理器^{(File Explorer)}选项禁用缩略图^(Thumbnails)也很有帮助。如果没有，这里有一些其他建议。

1] UAC设置

在Windows 10/8/7，您有用户帐户控制^{(User Account Control)}( UAC ) 设置，由于安全原因，这些设置会阻止对程序的管理访问。某些程序需要管理员权限才能正常运行，因此要解决此问题，您必须右键单击^{(Right Click)}可执行文件并以管理员身份运行。^(Run)

如果您想始终以管理员身份运行该程序^(Program)，请右键单击快捷方式并转到Properties并^(Properties)单击Compatibility ^(Click)Tab^{(Compatibility Tab)}。

然后检查“以管理员身份运行^(Run)此程序”然后单击Apply / OK。

有时您可能还需要启用兼容模式，因为某些程序可能与^{(Compatibility Mode)}Windows 11/10不完全兼容。

如果该程序与Windows 11/10兼容，请确保您没有启用兼容模式^{(Compatibility Mode)}。如果它已启用，请取消选中它，因为它也会使程序崩溃。

2]恶意软件感染

如果您收到多个程序的错误，那么您的 Windows 计算机可能已被感染。在这种情况下，请下载一个好的 3rd方独立防病毒软件^{(standalone antivirus software)}并用它扫描您的 PC。

^(Reboot)以安全模式^{(Safe Mode)}重新启动系统并运行完整扫描。

3] DEP设置

DEP 设置，即数据执行保护设置可能会导致程序崩溃。检查这些设置

1.单击开始^(Start)并右键单击^{(Right Click)}计算机并^(Computer)转到属性^(Properties)

2. 然后点击高级系统设置。^{(Advanced system settings.)}

3. 单击高级^(Advanced)选项卡，然后单击性能^{(Performance)}会话下的设置。^(Settings)

4.单击数据执行保护。^{(Data Execution Prevention.)}

5. 确保您已选择“仅对基本的 Windows 程序和服务启用 DEP^{(Turn on DEP for essential Windows programs and services only)} ”。

6.然后单击应用^(Apply)并单击确定^(OK)并重新启动^(reboot)系统

或者，您可以为除我选择的程序和服务之外的所有程序和服务选择打开DEP ^(Turn)，^(DEP)单击添加^(Add)并添加以下内容：

• C:WindowsSystem32dllhost.exe 用于 32 位系统
• C:WindowsSysWOW64dllhost.exe 用于 64 位系统

单击应用/确定。

4]重新注册DLL文件

打开提升的CMD并执行以下命令：

regsvr32 vbscript.dll

regsvr32 jscript.dll

看看是否有帮助。

如果这些步骤无法解决，请尝试重新安装导致问题的特定应用程序。

如果它发生在某个Windows组件上，请尝试运行SFC /SCANNOW.

提示^(TIP)：如果您收到无法完成操作，因为文件在 COM 代理^{(The action cannot be completed because the file is open in COM Surrogate)}消息中打开，请参阅此帖子。

Program exe or COM Surrogate has stopped working error in Windows

On your Windоws 11/10/8/7 oрerating system, if you ever receive an error message: Program exe or COM Surrogate has stopped working. A problem caused the program to stop working correctly. Windows will close the program and notify you if a solution is available, then here are a few troubleshooting steps, I’d like to suggest which may help resolve such errors.

What is COM Surrogate

The dllhost.exe process goes by the name COM Surrogate. It is located in the System 32 folder.

COM stands for Component Object Model. The description for the process reads:

Manages the configuration and tracking of Component Object Model (COM)+-based components. If the service is stopped, most COM+-based components will not function properly. If this service is disabled, any services that explicitly depend on it will fail to start.

Says Microsoft,

COM Surrogate is the sacrificial process for a COM object that is run outside of the process that requested it. Explorer uses the COM Surrogate when extracting thumbnails, for example. If you go to a folder with thumbnails enabled, Explorer will fire off a COM Surrogate and use it to compute the thumbnails for the documents in the folder. It does this because Explorer has learned not to trust thumbnail extractors; they have a poor track record for stability. Explorer has decided to absorb the performance penalty in exchange for the improved reliability resulting in moving these dodgy bits of code out of the main Explorer process. When the thumbnail extractor crashes, the crash destroys the COM Surrogate process instead of Explorer.

COM Surrogate has stopped working

There are few reasons that could cause such errors bad or corrupted program, UAC settings, Malware infection, DEP settings, etc. If you recently updated a evice driver maybe you want to rollback and see if that helps. If the issue started recently, could you try a system restore and see if it makes the problem go away? Disabling Thumbnails via File Explorer options is also known to help. If not, here are a few other suggestions.

1] UAC Settings

On Windows 10/8/7, you have User Account Control (UAC) settings that would prevent administration access for programs due to security reasons. Certain programs need administrator access to run properly so to work around this issue you have to Right Click on the executable file and Run as administrator.

If you want always to run that Program as an administrator, then right-click on the shortcut and go to Properties and Click on Compatibility Tab.

Then check on “Run this program as Administrator” Then click on Apply / OK.

Sometimes you also might need to enable the Compatibility Mode as certain programs might not be fully compatible with Windows 11/10.

If the program is compatible with Windows 11/10, make sure you don’t enable Compatibility Mode. If it’s enabled uncheck it because it can crash the program as well.

2] Malware Infection

If you’re getting the error for multiple programs, then there are chances your Windows computer might have got infected. In such cases download a good 3rd party standalone antivirus software and scan your PC with it.

Reboot the system in Safe Mode and run a complete scan.

3] DEP Setting

DEP setting, i.e., Data Execution Prevention setting might cause the programs to crash. To check those settings

1.       Click on Start and Right Click on Computer and go to Properties

2.       Then click on Advanced system settings.

3.       There click on Advanced Tab and click on Settings under Performance session.

4. Click on Data Execution Prevention.

5.       Make sure you have selected “Turn on DEP for essential Windows programs and services only.”

6.       Then click Apply and click OK and reboot your system

Alternatively, you may select Turn on DEP for all programs and services except those I select, click on Add and add the following:

• C:\Windows\System32\dllhost.exe for 32-bit systems
• C:\Windows\SysWOW64\dllhost.exe for 64-bit systems

Click Apply/OK.

4] Re-register DLL files

Open an elevated CMD and execute the following commands:

regsvr32 vbscript.dll

regsvr32 jscript.dll

See if that helps.

If these steps do not resolve then try reinstalling the specific application that is causing the problem.

If it’s happening to one of the Windows components, then try to run SFC /SCANNOW.

TIP: See this post if you receive a The action cannot be completed because the file is open in COM Surrogate message.

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