互联网充满了内容，但并非所有内容都对所有人的一般消费有益。值得庆幸的是，您可以阻止某些网站，以确保没有人在您的家庭网络上访问它们，尤其是孩子们。
限制在家中使用互联网似乎不公平，但它也可以保护您的网络免受来自某些网站的恶意内容和病毒的侵害，同时总体上加快连接速度。
我们将向您展示如何在路由器上或使用DNS以及其他解决方案来阻止网站。
注意：(Note:)这是一般指南；一些路由器可能有也可能没有阻止个别网站的功能。但是，大多数路由器固件允许您将此类站点添加到白名单或黑名单，并编辑列表以有效控制对它们的访问。
如何在路由器上阻止网站(How To Block Websites On Your Router)
您可以根据您家中的路由器以不同的方式阻止网站，前提是它支持网站阻止。我们将引导您完成从路由器阻止站点时需要采取的步骤。
- 首先是找到路由器的IP地址。为此，请转到计算机上的搜索栏并输入CMD。单击命令提示符(Command Prompt)。
- 在命令提示符框中，键入ipconfig并按Enter。在Default Gateway(Default Gateway)旁边，您会看到路由器的 IP 地址。
- 如果您使用的是Mac计算机，请单击Apple图标打开菜单，然后选择System Preferences>Network并选择Ethernet。您将在路由器下看到 IP 地址。
使用的一些常见路由器网关 IP 地址包括 Netgear http://192.168.0.1和 Linksys http://192.168.1.1，但您始终可以使用计算机上的命令提示符进行确认。
- 接下来，在浏览器中输入路由器IP地址，登录。查看路由器机箱背面的登录信息，如果知道详细信息，请登录访问后端。
- 如果您可以访问路由器的后端，请转到安全(Security)并单击内容过滤器或黑名单部分，这可能因您使用的路由器而异。
- 大多数路由器在“基本规则”、“防火墙”或“内容”部分下都有此部分，您可以在其中找到URL内容过滤器。
- 将您要阻止的网站的URL添加到路由器上的黑名单(Blacklist)或内容过滤器中，它将从源头阻止它。
如何使用 DNS 阻止网站(How To Block Websites Using DNS)
并非所有路由器都提供从后端阻止网站的选项，这意味着您需要另一种阻止此类网站的方法。您可以使用免费使用的DNS服务（例如OpenDNS）来执行此操作，并且可以过滤或阻止特定站点。
如果没有 IP 地址，您的计算机将无法连接到任何网站，因此需要DNS服务器将诸如helpdeskgeek.com之类的URL转换为 IP 地址。
通常，您会使用ISP提供的(ISP)DNS服务，但您可以随时更改它(you can change this at any time)。 OpenDNS是一个第三方DNS服务器，它提供了多种功能，例如内容过滤和提高速度，以及家长控制。
您可以使用 OpenDNS Home Internet Security或Family Shield通过更改家庭路由器或设备上的DNS服务器来阻止特定网站或内容，以及盗版或恶意软件网站。
- 要使用OpenDNS Family Shield，请设置个人免费帐户并使用208.67.222.123或208.67.220.123名称服务器地址来阻止您不希望其他人访问您网络上的网站。
- 对于您的路由器，键入 IP 地址，登录并转到DNS设置，然后使用两个 IP 地址中的任何一个来代替您的ISP提供的默认地址。在Netgear路由器上，登录并转到Basic>Internet。
- 单击右侧窗格中的Internet，找到DNS地址的设置并选择Use These DNS Servers。用OpenDNS名称服务器地址填写它们。
- 在您的设备上，您可以在网络设置(Network Settings)中更改它。如果是Android设备，请单击Settings>Connections>WiFi。
- 点击您的WiFi家庭网络，然后点击高级(Advanced)。
- 接下来，点击IP 设置(IP Settings)并选择静态(Static)。
- 对于 iPhone，点击Settings>WiFi 并点击WiFi 网络(WiFi network)旁边的“ i ” ，然后向下滚动并点击Configure DNS>Manual。在这里，您可以删除不需要的DNS地址，并添加输入您想要帮助您阻止网站的 DNS 地址。
- 完成后点击保存(Save)。
注意：(Note:)此方法不会阻止可能包含一些令人不安的内容的社交网站。在这种情况下，您需要更高级的OpenDNS Home Internet Security来阻止整个类别的内容。虽然它只适用于您的网络，但如果您想要更精细的控制，那就太好了。
- 要使用OpenDNS Home Internet Security，请使用强大且安全的密码创建一个帐户，然后您将被定向到后端。
- 单击添加网络(Add network)。您将看到您的外部 IP 地址，因此单击它开始。该服务会跟踪您更改的地址，因此最好将其安装在一台计算机上，其余的也可以使用。
- 单击网络(network )并从四个过滤级别(filtering levels)之一中进行选择：高、中(Moderate)、低(Low)或无。每个级别都针对特定类型的内容或网站提供保护。例如，Low仅保护色情内容，而 High 保护成人相关网站、社交网站、非法活动、视频共享等。
- 单击自定义(Customization)并根据自己的喜好进行配置，包括要阻止的站点。请记住(Remember)，要么您屏蔽了整个网站，要么根本不屏蔽。
- 最后，将您的家庭路由器或设备配置为使用OpenDNS Home Internet Security，IP 地址为 208.67.222.222(208.67.222.222)或208.67.220.220，使用与路由器或设备（Android或 iPhone）相同的步骤。
使用家长控制阻止网站(Block Websites Using Parental Controls)
家长(Parental)控制功能可以阻止对不当网站的无意访问或过滤网络。您可以使用本机家长控制阻止路由器上的站点，或使用第三方软件。
如果您的路由器带有内置的家长控制，您可以转到网络上的配置页面并为您的网络进行设置。
如果没有，只需使用OpenDNS通过将(OpenDNS)DNS服务器设置更改为使用OpenDNS来设置路由器上的功能，然后选择要阻止的网站。每当有人访问被阻止的站点时，他们都会收到一条消息，上面写着“该站点已被阻止”。
(Windows PCs)使用Windows 10操作系统的Windows PC带有集成的家长控制，结合了家庭安全的(Family Safety’s)网络过滤、时间限制和程序访问以及其他新功能。
如何使用防病毒软件或防火墙设置阻止网站(How To Block Websites Using Antivirus Software Or Firewall Settings)
您还可以通过全面禁止特定网站来阻止使用您的防病毒软件或防火墙的网站。这会阻止所有内容，然后您可以从那里将您希望在家庭网络上允许的网站列入白名单。大多数防火墙的默认设置还允许您阻止任何不安全的阅读或观看内容。
一个好的防病毒软件包应该将网站过滤作为其功能之一，这使您可以轻松阻止多个网站。
一些Internet安全套件还提供本地家长控制，例如 Norton 的免费Norton Family 家长控制(Norton Family parental control)应用程序，或者您可以付费购买Net Nanny等专用工具。它们并不完美，但至少在您的家庭网络上的房子周围提供了一些安心。
Block Websites From Your Router or Using DNS
The intеrnet is chock full of content, but not all of it is wholesome for general consumption by all. Thankfully, you cаn block certain websites to ensure no one accesses them on your home network, espeсially the kids.
It may seem unfair to restrict internet usage at home, but it also protects your network from malicious content and viruses from some websites, while speeding up connectivity in general.
We’ll show you how to block websites on your router, or by using DNS, among other solutions.
Note: This is a general guide; some routers may or may not have the feature to block individual websites. However, most router firmware allows you to add such sites to the whitelist or blacklist, and edit the lists to effectively control access to them.
How To Block Websites On Your Router
You can block websites in different ways depending on the router you have at home, provided it supports website blocking. We’ll walk you through the steps you need to take when blocking sites from your router.
- The first thing is to find your router’s IP address. To do this, go to the search bar on your computer and type CMD. Click on Command Prompt.
- In the Command Prompt box, type ipconfig and press Enter. Next to Default Gateway, you’ll see your router’s IP address.
- If you’re using a Mac computer, click the Apple icon to open the menu, and select System Preferences>Network and select Ethernet. You’ll see the IP address under router.
Some of the common router gateway IP addresses used include Netgear http://192.168.0.1 and Linksys http://192.168.1.1, but you can always confirm using the command prompt on your computer.
- Next, enter the router IP address on your browser, and log in. Check the login details on the back of the router’s case, or if you know the details, log in to access the back end.
- If you can access your router’s back end, go to Security and click on the content filter or blacklist section, which may differ depending on the router you’re using.
- Most routers have this section under the ‘basic rules’, ‘firewall’, or ‘content’ section, where you can find the URL content filter.
- Add the URL of the website you want to block to the Blacklist or content filter on your router, and it’ll block it at the source.
How To Block Websites Using DNS
Not all routers give the option to block websites from the back end, which means you need another way of blocking such sites. You can do this using a DNS service such as OpenDNS, which is free to use, and can filter out or block specific sites.
Without an IP address, your computer can’t connect to any website, so a DNS server is required to translate a URL like helpdeskgeek.com into an IP address.
Ordinarily, you’d use the DNS service your ISP offers, but you can change this at any time. OpenDNS is a third-party DNS server that offers several features like content filtering and increased speed, plus parental controls.
You can use the OpenDNS Home Internet Security or Family Shield to block specific websites or content, plus piracy or malware sites by changing the DNS server on your home router or devices.
- To use OpenDNS Family Shield, set up a personal free account and use the 208.67.222.123 or 208.67.220.123 name server addresses to block websites you don’t want others to access on your network.
- For your router, type the IP address, log in and go to DNS settings and use any of the two IP addresses in place of the default one your ISP provided. On a Netgear router, log in and go to Basic>Internet.
- Click on Internet on the right pane, and find the setting for DNS addresses and select Use These DNS Servers. Fill them in with the OpenDNS name server addresses.
- On your devices, you can change it in Network Settings. If it’s an Android device, click Settings>Connections>WiFi.
- Tap your WiFi home network, and then tap Advanced.
- Next, tap IP Settings and select Static.
- For iPhone, tap Settings>WiFi and tap the ‘i’ next to the WiFi network, and then scroll down and tap Configure DNS>Manual. Here, you can remove the DNS addresses you don’t want, and add enter the ones you want to help you block websites.
- Tap Save when you’re done.
Note: This method doesn’t block social networking sites that may have some disturbing content. In this case, you need the more advanced OpenDNS Home Internet Security that blocks entire categories of content. It only works on your network though, but it’s great if you want more granular control.
- To use the OpenDNS Home Internet Security, create an account with a strong and secure password, and you’ll be directed to the backend.
- Click Add network. You’ll see your external IP address, so click on it to start. The service keeps track of your changing address, so it’s best to install it on one computer, and it’ll work on the rest.
- Click the network and pick from one of four filtering levels: High, Moderate, Low or None. Each level protects against specific types of content or sites. For example, Low only protects against porn, while High protects against adult-related sites, social networking sites, illegal activity, video sharing and more.
- Click Customization and configure things to your liking, including the sites you want to block. Remember, it’s either you block the whole site, or none of it at all.
- Finally, configure your home router or devices to use OpenDNS Home Internet Security, with the IP addresses 208.67.222.222 or 208.67.220.220 using the same steps above for your router or device (Android or iPhone).
Block Websites Using Parental Controls
The Parental controls feature can block inadvertent access to or filter the web for inappropriate sites. You can block sites on your router using the native parental controls, or use third-party software.
If your router shipped with built-in parental controls, you can go to the configuration pages on the web and set it up for your network.
If not, just use OpenDNS to set up the feature on your router by changing the DNS server settings to using OpenDNS, and then choose the websites to block. Any time someone visits a blocked site, they’ll get a message that says, “This site is blocked”.
Windows PCs using the Windows 10 operating system come with integrated parental controls that combine Family Safety’s web filtering, time limits and program access among other new features.
How To Block Websites Using Antivirus Software Or Firewall Settings
You can also block websites using your antivirus software or firewall by getting a blanket ban on specific sites. This blocks everything, and from there you can whitelist the websites that you want to allow on your home network. Most firewalls’ default settings also allow you to block anything that’s not safe to read or watch.
A good antivirus package should have website filtering as one of its features, which makes it easy for you to block several websites.
Some Internet security suites also offer native parental controls, for example the free Norton Family parental control app from Norton, or you can pay for a dedicated tool like Net Nanny. They aren’t perfect, but the offer some peace of mind, at least around the house on your home network.
