如果您在您的网站上安装了 Google Analytics(Google Analytics installed on your website)，那么您在查看您的网站流量和其他性能数据时可能会遇到术语“指标”和“维度”。
如果您对这些术语的含义感到好奇，本指南将帮助您了解这些指标、如何搜索它们以及它们可以告诉您关于您的流量的哪些信息。
Google Analytics中的维度是什么？
谷歌分析(Google Analytics)为您提供了一些关于您的网站流量的宝贵见解。您可以在自己的网站上或在Squarespace(like Squarespace)或Wix等免费博客服务上使用(Wix)Google Analytics。将 Google Analytics 集成到您的 WordPress 网站(integrate Google Analytics into your WordPress site)也很容易。
这意味着您可以使用您对维度和指标的新认识来分析您在线拥有的任何网站。
要了解维度和指标在Google Analytics中的工作原理，请考虑以下简单定义。
- 维度是您要测量的内容。
- 指标是您想要测量维度的方式。
例如，您可能对有多少会话来自向您推荐流量的网站感兴趣。在这种情况下，您的维度将是Referral Path，而指标将是Sessions。
在Google Analytics（分析(Google Analytics)）中，您可以使用包含现有维度和通用指标的预制报告，也可以创建自定义报告（如上述报告）。
您始终需要先确定要衡量的维度，然后才能选择关联的指标。
什么是Google Analytics中的(Google Analytics)指标(Metric)？
您可以选择的指标取决于您要检查的维度。
网站所有者想要衡量的最常见的事情之一是他们网站上所有页面的总体流量。这是一个预制页面，您可以随时查看。
要查看此内容，请在Google Analytics的左侧导航菜单中选择行为(Behavior)。接下来选择站点内容(Site Content)，然后选择所有页面(All Pages)。
此预制报告提供所有页面(All Pages)维度的浏览量(Pageviews)指标。
如果您想查看其他维度的综合浏览量(Pageviews)，可以选择页面列表顶部主要维度(Primary Dimension)旁边的其他附近的下拉箭头。(Other)
如您所见，您可以将维度从All Pages切换到Landing Page之类的内容。这将只显示您网站页面的页面浏览量(Pageviews)，这些页面是访问者在访问您的网站时首先登陆的页面。
在任何这些预制报告中，您还可以更改视图的指标。例如，如果您对访问者离开他们到达的同一页面的比率更感兴趣，您可以将指标更改为跳出率。
为此，请选择Explorer选项卡下的(Explorer)Pageviews指标，然后从指标列表中 选择Bounce Rate 。
这将更改图表图形以显示着陆页维度的(Landing Page)跳出率(Bounce Rate)指标，而不是网页浏览量(Pageviews)维度。
在Google Analytics中创建自定义(Custom) 报告(Reports)
如果您发现Google (Google) Analytics（分析(Analytics)）中没有任何预制报告可以显示您要查找的内容，则可以改为创建自定义报告。使用自定义报告，您可以定义向您展示所需内容的维度和指标。
要创建自定义报告，请从左侧菜单中选择自定义。(Customization)然后选择自定义报告(Custom Reports)。
这将带您进入报告构建器页面，您可以在其中选择要绘制图表的指标和维度。
要开始设计新的自定义报告，请选择新建自定义报告(New Custom Report)按钮。
在自定义报告设计窗口中，您将看到两个主要框：Metric Groups和Dimension Drilldowns。
如果您不确定要查看的确切内容，可以选择+ add dimension以查看可用的维度。
在此示例中，我们将创建一个自定义报告来显示有多少流量来自不同的社交网络。
向下滚动(Scroll)维度列表并使用下拉部分查看可用的特定维度。
要查看来自不同社交网络的流量，您只需从维度列表中选择社交(Social)，然后选择社交网络(Social Network)以查看特定维度。
对于更高级的报告，您可以通过选择+ add dimension。这将显示使用相同指标比较多个维度的图表。
说到指标，接下来您应该通过在“指标组(Metric Groups)”部分 中选择+ add metric来添加要衡量的指标。
在这个例子中，我们想看看有多少浏览量来自社交网络。为此，您需要在指标下拉列表中选择用户(Users)，然后从指标下拉列表中选择浏览量(Pageviews)。
您会注意到自定义报告窗口底部的过滤器字段。(Filter)您可以使用过滤器来包含或排除您可能不关心的特定事物。例如，在这种情况下，我们不想在报告中包含Twitter流量。
为此，您需要将过滤器下的设置更改为排除(Exclude)，选择社交网络(Social Network)维度，然后在特定过滤器字段中 键入Twitter 。
在报表生成器窗口中完成所有设置后，只需选择保存(Save)即可完成。
现在您将看到报告窗口。报告的顶部将显示来自社交网络的总体流量。
自定义报告的底部显示了您的流量来自的所有社交网络的列表，以及您在所选时间窗口内收到的流量。
自定义报告的强大功能使您可以选择所需的任何指标和维度组合。对您的选择进行创意可以为您提供一些关于您的访问者及其在您网站上的行为的迷人见解。谷歌分析可能还有其他替代品(alternatives to Google Analytics)，但很少有人能像您一样深入了解您的流量。
既然您已了解Google Analytics（分析(Google Analytics)）上的指标和维度，请花一些时间通过创建您自己的自定义报告来探索它们。您可以使用任何您想尝试的指标和维度组合来创建任意数量的项目。
What Is a Metric and Dimension in Google Analytics?
If you have Google Analytics installed on your website, then you’ve likely come across the terms “metric” and “dimension” while reviewing your website traffic and other performance data.
If you’re curious what these terms mean, this guide will help you understand these metrics, how to search for them, and what they can tell you about your traffic.
What Is a Dimension in Google Analytics?
Google Analytics provides you with some valuable insight into your website traffic. You can use Google Analytics on your own site, or on free blog services like Squarespace or Wix. It’s also easy to integrate Google Analytics into your WordPress site.
This means you can use your newfound understanding of dimensions and metrics to analyze any site you have online.
To understand how dimensions and metrics work in Google Analytics, consider the following simple definitions.
- A dimension is what you want to measure.
- A metric is how you want to measure the dimension.
For example, you might be interested in how many sessions are coming from sites that refer traffic to you. In this case your dimension would be Referral Path, and the metric would be Sessions.
In Google Analytics, you can either use premade reports with existing dimensions and common metrics, or create custom reports (like the one above).
You’ll always need to decide which dimension you want to measure first, before you can choose associated metrics.
What Is a Metric in Google Analytics?
The metric you can choose depends on which dimension you want to examine.
One of the most common things website owners want to measure is the overall traffic on all pages on their site. This is a premade page that you can check any time.
To view this, select Behavior in the left navigation menu in Google Analytics. Next select Site Content, and then All Pages.
This premade report provides the Pageviews metric for the All Pages dimension.
If you want to see Pageviews for some other dimension, you can select the dropdown arrow near Other next to Primary Dimension at the top of the pages list.
As you can see, you could switch the dimension from All Pages to something like Landing Page. This will show you Pageviews only for your website’s pages that are the initial page visitors land on when they come to your site.
On any of these premade reports, you can also change the metric for the view. For example, if you’re more interested at what rate visitors leave the same page they arrive on, you can change the metric to bounce rate.
To do this, select the Pageviews metric underneath the Explorer tab, and select Bounce Rate from the list of metrics.
This will change the chart graphic to show the Bounce Rate metric for the Landing Page dimension rather than the Pageviews dimension.
Creating Custom Reports in Google Analytics
If you find that there aren’t any premade reports in Google Analytics that show what you’re looking for, you can create custom reports instead. With custom reports, you can define the dimensions and metrics that show you what you need.
To create a custom report, select Customization from the left menu. Then select Custom Reports.
This will take you to a report builder page where you can select the metrics and dimensions you want to graph.
To start designing a new custom report, select the New Custom Report button.
In the custom report design window, you’ll see two main boxes: Metric Groups and Dimension Drilldowns.
If you’re not sure exactly what you want to see, you can select + add dimension to see what dimensions are available.
In this example, we’ll create a custom report to show how much traffic comes from different social networks.
Scroll down the list of dimensions and use the dropdown sections to see which specific dimensions are available.
To see traffic coming from different social networks, you’d just select Social from the list of dimensions, and then Social Network for the specific dimension to see.
For more advanced reports, you could add a second dimension by selecting + add dimension. This will display graphs comparing multiple dimensions using the same metrics.
Speaking of metrics, next you should add which metrics you want to measure by selecting + add metric in the Metric Groups section.
In this example, we want to see how many pageviews come from social networks. To do this, you’d select Users in the metrics dropdown, and then Pageviews from the dropdown list of metrics.
You’ll notice a Filter field at the bottom of the custom report window. You can use a filter to either include or exclude specific things you may not care about. For example, in this case we don’t want to include Twitter traffic in the report.
To do this, you’d change the setting under Filters to Exclude, select the Social Network dimension, and then type Twitter into the specific filter field.
When you’re done setting everything up in the report builder window, just select Save to finish.
Now you’ll see the report window. The top part of the report will show you overall traffic that comes from social networks.
The bottom of the custom report shows a list of all social networks your traffic comes from, and how much traffic you’ve received within the time window you have selected.
The power of custom reports allows you to choose any combination of metrics and dimensions you want. Being creative with your choices can provide you with some fascinating insight into your visitors and their behavior on your site. There may be other alternatives to Google Analytics, but few provide you as much insight into your traffic.
Now that you understand what metrics and dimensions are on Google Analytics, take some time to explore them by creating your own custom reports. You can create as many as you like, with whatever combination of metrics and dimensions you want to try.
