您的Mac在启动时会死机吗？当旋转的沙滩球或风车图标出现在屏幕上时，应用程序是否会变得无响应？以下是在这些情况发生时解冻 Mac 计算机的九种潜在方法。^{(unfreeze your Mac computer)}

1. 等一下

如果应用程序正在运行资源密集型进程，您的Mac可能会死机。^(Mac)例如，某些视频编辑应用程序可能会导致您的Mac在渲染或导出视频时冻结。根据您Mac的RAM配置，在该过程完成之前，您可能无法使用您的设备。

某些游戏应用程序、恶意软件清除工具和系统清理软件也可能会暂时冻结您的Mac 。当这些应用程序执行繁重的任务时，您的光标将变为旋转的沙滩球。

发生这种情况时，我们建议等待 5-10 分钟，然后再运行以下其他复杂的故障排除步骤。

2.强制退出冻结应用程序

如上所述，如果内存不足，macOS 将不时冻结。如果应用程序在等待几分钟后仍未恢复运行，则强制退出无响应的应用程序是下一个最佳选择。

运行太多资源密集型应用程序或有缺陷的软件也可能会长时间冻结 macOS。一个接一个地强制关闭所有活动的应用程序，然后检查哪个应用程序解冻了您的Mac。我们建议您首先强制关闭不再使用的应用程序以释放一些内存。

否则，如果您无法将问题定位到特定应用程序，请强制退出所有活动应用程序。如果可以，请将所有正在进行的工作保存在应用程序中，这样您就不会丢失未保存的数据。

从 Apple 菜单强制关闭应用程序^{(Force Close Apps from the Apple Menu)}

1. 按菜单栏左上角的Apple 标志，然后选择^{(Apple logo)}Force Quit。更好的是，按住Command + Option + Esc。

如果您的Mac键盘没有Option键，请按Command + Alt + Esc。

1. 选择冻结的应用程序并选择Force Quit。

1. 在确认提示中再次选择强制退出。^{(Force Quit)}

1. 要强制退出所有活动应用程序，请按Command + A选择应用程序并选择强制退出^{(Force Quit)}。

1. 在确认提示中选择强制退出^{(Force Quit)}以继续。

从 Dock 强制关闭应用程序^{(Force Close Apps from the Dock)}

右键单击^{(Right-click)}要强制关闭的应用程序，按住Option 键^{(Option key)}，然后选择强制退出^{(Force Quit)}。

从活动监视器强制关闭应用程序^{(Force Close Apps from the Activity Monitor)}

活动监视器^{(Activity Monitor)}提供了消耗 Mac 系统资源的前台和后台应用程序的更详细细分。打开活动监视器^{(Activity Monitor)}并关闭消耗过多内存的常用或非活动应用程序。

1. 转到Finder > Applications >  Utilities并双击Activity Monitor。

或者，打开Spotlight 搜索^{(Spotlight search)}（Command + Spacebar），在搜索栏中输入活动监视器，然后选择^{(activity monitor)}活动监视器^{(Activity Monitor)}。

1. 前往“内存”^(Memory)选项卡并识别任何具有高内存使用率的不需要的应用程序。选择应用程序并点击工具栏上的x 图标^{(x icon)}。

1. 选择强制退出^{(Force Quit)}。

注意不要关闭对Mac正常运行至关重要的核心后台进程。例如，强制退出WindowServer将关闭所有应用程序并退出您的Mac。

如果您不确定某个应用程序或其功能，请点击工具栏上的信息图标^{(Info icon)}以查看有关该应用程序、其进程和资源使用情况的更多详细信息。

3. 重启你的 Mac

如果即使您没有运行任何应用程序，您的Mac仍会一直死机，重新启动 macOS 可能会解决问题。^(Mac)

在 Apple 菜单上选择Apple 标志^{(Apple logo)}，然后在 Apple 菜单上选择重新启动^(Restart)。

如果您无法从Apple菜单重新启动^(Apple)Mac ，可能是因为它已完全冻结，请使用^(Mac)电源^(Power)按钮强制关闭 macOS 。

断开^(Disconnect)或拔下所有外部设备、外围设备和配件（包括 Mac 的充电器）。按住电源按钮^{(Power button)}约 10 秒钟，直到Mac关机。再等一两分钟，然后按电源按钮^{(Power button)}重新启动 Mac。

4. 以安全模式启动 Mac

在安全模式下运行 macOS^{(Running macOS in Safe Mode)}可以帮助您诊断由第三方应用程序、扩展程序、启动程序和用户安装的字体引起的问题。您如何启动到安全模式^{(Safe Mode)}将取决于您的Mac的^(Mac)CPU配置。

安全启动基于 Intel 的 Mac^{(Safe Boot Intel-Based Macs)}

1. 按住电源按钮^{(Power button)}，直到 macOS 关闭。
2. 等待^(Wait)大约一两分钟，然后按电源按钮^{(Power button)}重新启动您的Mac。立即按住^(Press)Shift 键^{(Shift key)}，Mac 的屏幕就会亮起。

1. 按住Shift 键^{(Shift key)}，直到您的Mac显示登录屏幕——这可能需要 30 秒。

您应该会在菜单栏的右上角看到“安全启动”字样。否则，请关闭您的Mac并重新尝试这些步骤。

安全启动 Apple 硅基 Mac^{(Safe Boot Apple Silicon-Based Macs)}

1. 按住电源按钮^{(Power button)}强制关闭Mac并等待 1-2 分钟。
2. 按住电源按钮^{(Power button)}，直到启动选项页面出现在屏幕上。
3. 选择您的启动磁盘（Macintosh HD或安装 macOS 的任何磁盘）。立即按住Shift 键^{(Shift key)}。
4. 选择以安全模式继续^{(Continue in Safe Mode)}并等待您的Mac加载登录屏幕。
5. 输入您的 Mac 密码以继续。

5.删除^(Delete)最近安装的应用程序^(Apps)或扩展程序

如果您的Mac在^(Mac)安全模式下^{(Safe Mode)}运行顺畅，那么最近安装的应用程序、扩展程序或字体可能是它较早冻结的原因。

正常重启Mac以退出安全模式，找到^{(Safe Mode)}Mac开始冻结之前安装的最新应用程序，然后将其卸载。有关更多详细信息，请参阅我们关于在 Mac 上卸载应用程序的教程。^{(tutorial on uninstalling apps on Mac)}

6.禁用登录项

登录Mac^(Mac)后，您的Mac会挂起几秒钟或几分钟吗？很可能，冻结问题是由过多的Login Items引起的。登录项^{(Login Items)}是在您首次登录Mac时自动运行的应用程序或扩展程序。

在 macOS 中暂时禁用登录项^{(Temporarily Disable Login Items in macOS)}

如果您在登录时Mac无法加载到桌面页面，请在登录前强制关闭您的Mac并暂时禁用登录项目^{(Login Items)}。

在登录屏幕上，输入您的设备密码，并在选择登录按钮时^{(Login button)}按住 Shift 键^{(Shift key)}或按下Return键。

这将在您登录Mac时暂时禁用所有登录应用程序。

在 macOS 中永久禁用登录项^{(Permanently Disable Login Items in macOS)}

前往Mac的设置并禁用不一定需要与 macOS 一起启动的应用程序。如果 macOS 在启动时冻结，您可能需要安全启动^{(Safe Boot)}您的Mac 。

1. 打开System Preferences并选择Users & Groups。

1. 在侧边栏中选择您的个人资料，前往登录项目^{(Login Items)}选项卡，然后选择左下角的锁定图标。^{(lock icon)}

1. 输入您的 Mac 密码以访问“用户^(Users)与群组^(Groups)”偏好设置菜单。如果您使用带触控 ID的^{(Touch ID)}MacBook Pro ，您还可以使用指纹验证对页面的访问。
2. 从登录项目^{(Login Items)}框中选择要删除的项目，然后选择减号图标^{(minus icon)}。

7. 检查恶意软件和病毒

如果感染了病毒、木马和其他形式的恶意软件^{(other forms of malware)}，您的Mac可能会出现故障。如果您的 Mac 上有防病毒软件，请^{( software on your Mac)}运行完整的系统扫描以消除隐藏和顽固的恶意软件。

8. 安装 macOS 更新

更新 Mac 的操作系统可以删除恶意软件并修复导致系统不经常冻结和其他性能问题的错误。

打开System Preferences，选择Software Update，然后将 macOS 更新到最新版本。

9.检查磁盘错误

硬盘^(Hard)损坏和错误可能会降低您的Mac速度，并导致它经常死机或崩溃。如果您的Mac可以启动到 macOS，请按照以下步骤使用磁盘工具^{(Disk Utility)}诊断和修复硬盘驱动器错误。

1. 转到Finder > Applications > Utilities并打开Disk Utility。

1. 选择边栏中内部^(Internal)驱动器底部的Macintosh HD – 数据磁盘。^{(Macintosh HD – Data)}然后^(Afterward)，选择工具栏上的急救^{(First Aid)}。

如果在边栏中找不到“Macintosh HD – Data”磁盘，请选择“磁盘工具^{(Disk Utility)}”窗口顶部的“查看”，然后选择^(View)“显示所有设备”^{(Show All Devices)}。

1. 选择运行^(Run)。

1. 选择继续^(Continue)以继续。当磁盘工具^{(Disk Utility)}在磁盘上运行急救^(Aid)修复时，您可能无法使用Mac 。

1. 急救^{(First Aid)}操作成功后选择完成。^(Done)

如果您的MacBook或 iMac 无法启动到 macOS，请改为从 macOS 恢复运行急救修复^{(First Aid repair from macOS Recovery)}。

解冻你的冷冻 Mac

如果问题仍然存在，请释放 Mac 的硬盘空间^{(free up your Mac’s hard drive space)}并重置其非易失性 RAM^{(Non-Volatile RAM)} ( NVRAM ) 和系统管理控制器^{(System Management Controller)}( SMC )。请参阅我们关于重置 Mac 的 NVRAM 和 SMC^{(resetting a Mac’s NVRAM & SMC)}的教程以获取说明。请联系 Apple 支持^{(Contact Apple Support)}或前往附近的Apple Store 商店^{(Apple Store)}检查您的Mac是否存在硬件故障或损坏。

What to Do When Your Mac Freezes Up? 9 Things to Try

Does your Mac freeze when booting up? Do apps become unresponsive when the spinning beachball or pinwheel icon apрears on the screen? Here are nine potential ways to unfreeze your Mac computer when these situations happen.

1. Wait It Out

Your Mac may freeze if an app is running a resource-intensive process. For instance, some video-editing apps may cause your Mac to freeze when rendering or exporting videos. Depending on your Mac’s RAM configuration, you may be unable to use your device until the process is complete.

Some gaming apps, malware removal tools, and system-cleaning software may also freeze your Mac temporarily. While these apps perform heavy tasks, your cursor will change to a spinning beachball.

When this happens, we recommend waiting for 5-10 minutes before running other complex troubleshooting steps below.

2. Force Quit Freezing Apps

As mentioned above, macOS will freeze up at intervals if it’s low on memory. If an app doesn’t come back to life after waiting for minutes, force-quitting the unresponsive app is the next best thing to do.

Running too many resource-intensive apps or buggy software also can freeze macOS for a prolonged period. Force-close all active apps one after another and check which one unfreezes your Mac. We advise that you first force-close apps you’re no longer using to free up some memory.

Otherwise, force-quit all active applications if you can’t pinpoint the problem to a specific app. If you can, save all ongoing works in the application, so you don’t lose unsaved data.

Force Close Apps from the Apple Menu

1. Press the Apple logo in the top-left corner of the menu bar and select Force Quit. Better yet, press and hold down Command + Option + Esc.

Press Command + Alt + Esc if your Mac keyboard doesn’t have the Option key.

1. Select the app that’s freezing and select Force Quit.

1. Select Force Quit again on the confirmation prompt.

1. To force-quit all active applications, press Command + A to select the apps and select Force Quit.

1. Select Force Quit on the confirmation prompt to proceed.

Force Close Apps from the Dock

Right-click the app you want to force-close, hold the Option key, and select Force Quit.

Force Close Apps from the Activity Monitor

Activity Monitor provides a more detailed breakdown of foreground and background apps consuming your Mac’s system resources. Open the Activity Monitor and close usual or inactive apps consuming excessive memory.

1. Go to Finder > Applications >  Utilities and double-click Activity Monitor.

Alternatively, open Spotlight search (Command + Spacebar), type activity monitor in the search bar, and select Activity Monitor.

1. Head to the Memory tab and identify any unneeded app with high memory usage. Select the app and tap the x icon on the toolbar.

1. Select Force Quit.

Be careful not to close core background processes that are crucial to the proper functioning of your Mac. Force-quitting WindowServer, for instance, will close all applications and sign out of your Mac.

If you’re unsure about an app or what it does, tap the Info icon on the toolbar to view more details about the app, its processes, and resource usage.

3. Reboot Your Mac

If your Mac keeps freezing up even when you aren’t running any app, rebooting macOS may fix the problem.

Select the Apple logo on the Apple menu and select Restart on the Apple menu.

If you can’t restart your Mac from the Apple menu, perhaps because it’s completely frozen, forcefully shut down macOS using the Power button.

Disconnect or unplug all external devices, peripherals, and accessories (including your Mac’s charger). Press and hold the Power button for about 10 seconds until your Mac shuts down. Wait another minute or two and press the Power button to restart your Mac.

4. Boot Mac in Safe Mode

Running macOS in Safe Mode can help you diagnose problems caused by third-party applications, extensions, startup programs, and user-installed fonts. How you boot into Safe Mode will depend on the CPU configuration of your Mac.

Safe Boot Intel-Based Macs

1. Press and hold the Power button until macOS shuts down.
2. Wait for about a minute or two and press the Power button to restart your Mac. Press and hold the Shift key immediately, and your Mac’s screen lights up.

1. Hold the Shift key until your Mac displays the login screen—this could take up to 30 seconds.

You should see a “Safe Boot” inscription in the top-right section of the menu bar. Otherwise, shut down your Mac and re-try the steps.

Safe Boot Apple Silicon-Based Macs

1. Press and hold the Power button to force shutdown your Mac and wait for some for 1-2 minutes.
2. Press and hold the Power button until the startup options page shows up on the screen.
3. Select your startup disk (Macintosh HD or whatever disk your macOS is installed). Press and hold the Shift key immediately.
4. Select Continue in Safe Mode and wait for your Mac to load the login screen.
5. Enter your Mac’s password to proceed.

5. Delete Recently-Installed Apps or Extensions

If your Mac performs smoothly in Safe Mode, a recently installed application, extension, or font is likely the reason why it was freezing earlier.

Restart your Mac normally to boot out of Safe Mode, locate the latest apps installed before your Mac started freezing, and uninstall them. Refer to our tutorial on uninstalling apps on Mac for more details.

6. Disable Login Items

Does your Mac hang for seconds or minutes after logging in to your Mac? Chances are, the freezing issue is caused by excessive Login Items. Login Items are apps or extensions that run automatically when you first sign in to your Mac.

Temporarily Disable Login Items in macOS

If your Mac won’t load into the desktop page when you sign in, force shutdown your Mac and temporarily disable Login Items before signing in.

On the login screen, enter your device’s password, and hold down the Shift key as you select the Login button or press Return.

That will temporarily disable all login applications as you log in to your Mac.

Permanently Disable Login Items in macOS

Head to your Mac’s settings and disable apps that don’t necessarily need to start alongside macOS. You may need to Safe Boot your Mac if macOS freezes on startup.

1. Open System Preferences and select Users & Groups.

1. Select your profile in the sidebar, head to the Login Items tab, and select the lock icon in the bottom-left corner.

1. Enter your Mac’s password to access the Users & Groups preferences menu. You can also authenticate access to the page with your fingerprint if you use a MacBook Pro with Touch ID.
2. Select the item you want to remove from the Login Items box and select the minus icon.

7. Check for Malware & Viruses

Your Mac may malfunction if infected with viruses, trojans, and other forms of malware. If there’s antivirus software on your Mac, run a complete system scan to eliminate hidden and stubborn malware.

8. Install macOS Updates

Updating your Mac’s operating system can remove malware and fix bugs responsible for infrequent system freeze and other performance issues.

Open System Preferences, select Software Update, and update macOS to the latest version.

9. Check for Disk Errors

Hard disk corruption and errors can slow down your Mac and cause it to freeze or crash regularly. If your Mac can boot into macOS, follow the steps below to diagnose and repair hard drive errors using Disk Utility.

1. Go to Finder > Applications > Utilities and open Disk Utility.

1. Select the Macintosh HD – Data disk at the bottom of the Internal drives in the sidebar. Afterward, select First Aid on the toolbar.

If you can’t find the “Macintosh HD – Data” disk in the sidebar, select the View at the top of the Disk Utility window and select Show All Devices.

1. Select Run.

1. Select Continue to proceed. You may be unable to use your Mac while Disk Utility runs the First Aid repair on the disk.

1. Select Done when the First Aid operation is successful.

If your MacBook or iMac doesn’t boot into macOS, run the First Aid repair from macOS Recovery instead.

Thaw Your Frozen Mac

If the problem persists, free up your Mac’s hard drive space and reset its Non-Volatile RAM (NVRAM) and System Management Controller (SMC). Refer to our tutorial on resetting a Mac’s NVRAM & SMC for instruction. Contact Apple Support or visit a nearby Apple Store to check your Mac for hardware failures or damages.

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