RAM代表随机存取存储器^{(Random Access Memory)}，ROM代表只读存储器^{(Read-Only Memory)}。两者都作为其内部存储器存在于计算机中。它们在用途、存储容量、物理尺寸等方面有所不同。

什么是随机存取存储器 (RAM)

随机存取存储器^{(Random Access Memory)}( RAM ) 存储^(RAM)CPU实时使用的程序和数据。可以多次读取、写入和擦除数据。RAM是一种易失性存储器，是一种存储当前使用数据的硬件元件。易失性内存是什么意思？这意味着当计算机打开时，来自硬盘的指令存储在RAM中。^(RAM)这些说明涉及运行计算机所需的操作系统 (OS) 和其他程序。CPU使用这些指令来执行运行计算机所需的任务。这不过是存储在RAM中的临时数据^(RAM)直到电脑开机。计算机关闭的那一刻，RAM会丢失所有数据。数据^(Data)被传输到RAM是因为从RAM中读取数据比从硬盘驱动器中读取数据更容易且快速。

阅读^(Read)：关于 RAM 的最大神话^{(The biggest Myths about RAM)}。

有两种类型的 RAM：

1. 静态 RAM (SRAM)：^{(Static RAM (SRAM):)}它存储使用六晶体管存储单元状态的数据位。
2. 动态RAM（DRAM）：^{(Dynamic RAM (DRAM):)}它使用一对晶体管和电容存储一个位数据，构成一个DRAM存储单元。

阅读^(Read)： Find out Computer RAM, Graphics Card/Video memory。

什么是只读存储器 (ROM)

ROM是存储预先记录数据的存储器。即使在计算机关闭后，存储在ROM中的数据也会保留。^(ROM)它是一种非易失性存储器，即使断电也能永久存储数据。ROM中存储的程序和数据可以读取，但不能写入。这意味着制造商将程序填充到ROM中，但在制造后无法对其进行重新编程、重写或擦除。虽然，在某些类型的ROM中，您可以修改存储的数据。ROM的一些示例是视频游戏机中的墨盒，永久存储在个人计算机、智能手机、平板电脑、电视、AC 等上的数据。有四种类型的ROM：

1. 可编程ROM：^{(Programmable ROM:)} 数据^(Data)在创建后写入存储芯片。
2. 可擦除可编程 ROM：^{(Erasable Programmable ROM:)}非易失性存储芯片上的数据可以通过将其暴露在高强度紫外线下来删除。
3. 电可擦除可编程 ROM：^{(Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM: )}非易失性存储芯片上的数据可以通过场电子发射电删除。
4. Mask ROM： 在存储芯片的制造过程中写入数据。^(Data)

阅读^(Read)：RAM内存和硬盘驱动器有什么区别？

RAM和ROM之间的区别

这是RAM^(RAM)和ROM之间差异的快速参考表。

如果您对RAM^(RAM)或ROM有任何疑问，请在下面的部分中发表您的评论。

阅读下一篇^{(Read next)}：计算机中的内存有哪些类型^{(What are the Types of Memory in a computer)}？

What is the difference between RAM and ROM?

RAM stands for Random Access Memory and, ROM stands for Read-Only Memory. Both are present in the computer as its internal memories. They are different in terms of their use, storage capacity, physical size, and more.

What is Random Access Memory (RAM)

Random Access Memory (RAM) stores programs and data that is used by the CPU in real-time. The data can be read, written, and erased any number of times. RAM is a volatile memory, a hardware element where data in current use is stored. What does volatile memory mean? It means that when instructions from a hard disk are stored in the RAM when the computer is switched on. These instructions involve the operating system (OS) and other programs that are needed to run the computer. The CPU uses these instructions to perform the tasks that are required to run the computer. This is nothing but temporary data that is stored in the RAM till the time the computer is on. The moment the computer is shut down, RAM loses all data. Data is transferred to RAM because it is easy and fast to read the data from RAM than reading it from the hard drive.

Read: The biggest Myths about RAM.

There are two types of RAM:

1. Static RAM (SRAM): It stores a bit of data that uses the state of a six transistor memory cell.
2. Dynamic RAM (DRAM): It stores a bit of data which uses a pair of transistor and capacity, constituting a DRAM memory cell.

Read: Find out Computer RAM, Graphics Card/Video memory of your PC.

What is Read-Only Memory (ROM)

ROM is a memory that stores pre-recorded data. Data stored in the ROM is preserved even after the computer is turned off. It is a non-volatile memory, storing data permanently even when the power is turned off. The programs and data stored in ROM can be read but cannot be written on. It means that the manufacturer fills the ROM with the programs but, it cannot be reprogrammed, rewritten, or erased after it is manufactured. Although, in some types of ROM, you can modify the stored data. Some examples of ROM are cartridges in video game consoles, data that is stored permanently on personal computers, smartphones, tablets, TV, AC, etc. There are four types of ROM:

1. Programmable ROM: Data is written on the memory chip after it is created.
2. Erasable Programmable ROM: Data on the non-volatile memory chip can be removed by exposing it to high-intensity UV light.
3. Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM: Data on the non-volatile memory chip can be electrically removed by field electron emission.
4. Mask ROM: Data is written during the manufacturing of the memory chip.

Read: What is the difference between RAM memory and Hard Drive?

Difference between RAM and ROM

Here is a quick reference table of the differences between RAM and ROM.

If you have any more questions regarding RAM or ROM, drop in your comment in the section below.

Read next: What are the Types of Memory in a computer?

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