区块链(Blockchain)技术应运而生，以应对 2008 年几家银行机构的倒闭。它提出了一种新的货币系统，旨在取消对货币供应的控制，仅依靠专为数字货币设计的点对点电子现金系统。领域。这种在线货币系统被认为是一种更好的货币系统，直到一些人开始谈论Hashgraph。
什么是哈希图
Hashgraph据说是一个更强大的系统。其共识算法为分布式共识提供了一个新平台。一些通常用来指代或描述区块链(Blockchain)的属性是分布式的、透明的、基于共识的、事务性的和灵活的。Hashgraph具有所有这些功能。但是，它是一种比区块链更快、更公平、更安全的数据结构和共识算法。它被描述为分布式账本技术的未来。它使用两种特殊的技术来实现快速、公平和安全的共识。
- 关于八卦的八卦
- 虚拟投票
Gossip about Gossip基本上意味着将少量附加信息附加到此Gossip，这是包含最后两个人交谈的两个哈希值。使用此信息，可以在每个节点上构建哈希图(Hashgraph)并在有更多信息时定期更新。
一旦Hashgraph准备就绪，就很容易知道节点会投票，因为我们知道每个节点拥有的信息以及他们何时知道这些信息。因此，这些数据可以用作投票算法的输入，并可以快速找到哪些交易已达成共识。
哈希图与区块链
区块链技术是经济交易的廉洁数字账本。但是，它可以被编程为不仅记录金融交易，而且记录几乎所有有价值的东西。保存在区块链上的信息(Information)以共享的形式存在，并且不断地协调/更新。这确保了它保存的记录/数据在整个网络中是相同的，并且不存储在任何单独的位置。因此，区块链不能由任何单一实体控制。其次(Second)，它没有单点故障。
(Hashgraph)另一方面，Hashgraph声称支持一种卓越的数据结构，能够解决区块链(Blockchain)社区一段时间以来一直在努力解决的许多问题，例如共识机制。
到目前为止，共识技术被分为以下两类之一：
- 公共网络（包括比特币(Bitcoin)和以太坊(Ethereum)）
- 私有(Private)（依赖于基于领导者的共识算法的解决方案）
公共网络的运行成本很高，并且由于工作量证明(Proof of Work)（同意交易发生的顺序。这确保了货币供应是恒定的，没有人作弊）导致性能限制。这缩小了可以实际采用此类技术的应用数量。
与公共网络不同，专用网络将使用限制为已知和受信任的参与者。这种方法降低了成本并显着提高了性能，算法每秒能够实现 1000 笔交易，而比特币(Bitcoin)只有 7 笔。也就是说，宽松的安全标准形式的漏洞使这些网络成为DDoS 攻击(DDoS attacks)的潜在目标。
Swirld 的Hashgraph算法克服了这些缺点，因为它既不需要工作(Work)证明(Proof)也不需要领导(Leader)者。此外，它承诺提供低成本和良好的性能，没有单点故障。
正是这种组合，让Hashgraph成为了一个值得尝试的工具。
HashGraph提供的优于区块链(Blockchain)的其他优势
一种基于优越分布式账本技术的新共识算法。这消除了对比特币(Bitcoin)和以太坊(Ethereum)等大规模计算和不可持续能源消耗的需求。
如前所述，比特币(Bitcoin)被限制为每秒 7 笔交易。另一方面，Hashgraph快(Faster)50,000倍(Times) ：仅受带宽限制 — 每秒 250,000+次交易(Transactions Per Second)（预分片(Pre-Sharding)）
更公平
在区块链世界中，矿工可以选择交易在区块中发生的顺序，可以通过将订单放置在未来的区块中来延迟订单，甚至完全阻止它们进入系统。Hashgraph提供的(Hashgraph)共识(Consensus)时间戳为这个问题提供了解决方案。它通过拒绝对交易顺序的任何形式的操纵来防止个人影响交易的共识顺序。
异步拜占庭容错(Byzantine Fault Tolerant)
与其他系统不同，Hashgraph被证明是完全异步的拜占庭(Byzantine)。这意味着它不对消息在互联网上的传输速度做出任何假设。此功能使其能够抵御DDoS攻击、僵尸网络和防火墙。比特币(Bitcoin)不是拜占庭(Byzantine)。在错误的假设下，它甚至不是拜占庭式的。在比特币(Bitcoin)中，从来没有一刻你知道你已经达成共识。
100% 高效
没有开采的区块会变得陈旧。而(Whereas)在区块链中，交易被放入形成单个长链的容器（块）中。如果两个矿工同时创建两个区块，社区最终会选择一个而丢弃另一个，造成努力的浪费。在Hashgraph中，每个容器都被使用，没有一个被丢弃。
因此，尽管Hashgraph似乎是优于区块链的技术，但应该记住，事情可能发展得太快了。也就是说，一旦您开始学习新事物，在您成功适应之前，其他事物就会取代它。
要更好地了解Hashgraph 的(Hashgraph)工作原理，请参阅此文档(this document)。要了解更多信息，请访问hashgraph.com。
What is Hashgraph? How is it different from Blockchain?
Blockchаin technology еmerged in response to the collapse of several banking institutions in 2008. It proposеd a new monetary system intended to take away the control of the money supply, relyіng solely on a peеr-to-peer electronic cash system, designed specifically for the digital realm. This online currency system was believed to be a better monetary system until somе started talking about Hashgraph.
What is Hashgraph
Hashgraph is said to be a more robust system. Its consensus algorithm provides a new platform for distributed consensus. Some of the attributes commonly used to refer or describe Blockchain are distributed, transparent, consensus-based, transactional and flexible. Hashgraph bears all these features. However, it is a data structure and consensus algorithm that is much faster, fairer, and more secure than blockchain. It is described as the future of distributed ledger technology. It uses two special techniques to achieve fast, fair and secure consensus.
- Gossip about Gossip
- Virtual Voting
Gossip about Gossip basically means attaching a small additional amount of information to this Gossip, which are two hashes containing the last two people talked to. Using this information, a Hashgraph can be built and regularly updated when more information is gossiped, on each node.
Once the Hashgraph is ready, it is easy to know what a node would vote, since we are aware of information that each node has and when they knew it. This data can thus be used as an input to the voting algorithm and to find which transactions have reached consensus quickly.
Hashgraph vs Blockchain
Blockchain technology is an incorruptible digital ledger of economic transactions. However, it can be programmed to record not just financial transactions but virtually everything of value. Information held on a blockchain exists as shared and is continually reconciled/updated. This ensures the records/data it holds are identical across the network and not stored in any individual location. As such, the blockchain cannot be controlled by any single entity. Second, it has no single point of failure.
Hashgraph, on the other hand, claims to support a superior data structure capable of solving many of the problems that the Blockchain community has been struggling with for some time like, consensus mechanisms.
Until now, consensus technologies were classified into one of two categories:
- Public networks (includes Bitcoin and Ethereum)
- Private (solutions relying on Leader-based consensus algorithms)
Public networks are expensive to run and have performance constraints resulting from Proof of Work (agreeing to the order in which transaction can occur. This ensures money supply is constant and no one cheats). This narrows down the number of applications where such technologies can be practically employed.
Private networks, unlike, public networks restrict usage to known and trusted participants. This approach brings down the cost and improves performance dramatically, with algorithms capable of achieving 1000 transactions per second compared to seven for Bitcoin. That said, loopholes in the form of relaxed security standards make these networks potential targets to DDoS attacks.
Swirld’s’ Hashgraph algorithm overcomes these shortcomings as it requires neither Proof of Work nor a Leader. Moreover, it promises to deliver low-cost and good performance with no single point of failure.
It is this combination that makes Hashgraph a tool, worth trying.
Other advantages HashGraph offers over Blockchain
A new consensus algorithm based on superior distributed ledger technology. This eliminates the requirement for massive computation and unsustainable energy consumption like those of Bitcoin and Ethereum.
As mentioned earlier, Bitcoin is limited to 7 transactions per second. On the other hand, Hashgraph is 50,000 Times Faster: limited only by bandwidth — 250,000+ Transactions Per Second (Pre-Sharding)
Fairer
In the blockchain world, a miner can choose the order for which transactions occur in a block, can delay orders by placing them in future blocks, even stop them entirely from entering the system. Consensus time stamping available with Hashgraph offers a solution to this problem. It prevents an individual from affecting the consensus order of transactions by denying any sort of manipulation of the order of the transactions.
Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerant
Unlike the other systems, Hashgraph is proven to be fully asynchronous Byzantine. This means it makes no assumptions about how fast messages are passed over the internet. This capability makes it resilient against DDoS attacks, botnets, and firewalls. Bitcoin is not Byzantine. It’s not even byzantine under bad assumptions. In Bitcoin, there is never a moment in time where you know that you have consensus.
100% Efficient
No mined block ever becomes stale. Whereas in the blockchain, transactions are put into containers (blocks) that form a single, long chain. If two miners create two blocks at the same time, the community will eventually select one and discard the other, resulting in wastage of efforts. In Hashgraph, every container is used and none are discarded.
So, although Hashgraph appears to be a superior technology to Blockchain it should be remembered things can just move a little too fast. That is, once you begin to learn about something new, something else replaces it before you can successfully adapt.
To understand better how Hashgraph works, see this document. To learn more visit hashgraph.com.
