如果没有内部的组件或部件，计算机就什么都不是。许多用户正在利用这些强大的机器所提供的功能，但不知道是什么组件使它们运转起来。请记住(Bear)，计算机包含多个机械、电气和电子组件，称为硬件。
你知道这些硬件组件是什么吗？如果没有，请继续阅读并很好地解释您需要了解的所有内容。但首先，让我们先解释一下什么是计算机，然后再讨论好东西。现在，请记住，这不会是一篇很长的文章，因为这里的信息非常简单，但是相信我们，很多计算机用户并不知道。
电脑是什么？
计算机只是一种电子设备，它在存储在其自身内存中的命令的控制下运行。此处的指令可以接受数据，然后根据特定规则处理该数据。此外，它可以生成结果并存储这些相同的结果以供将来参考。
请记住(Bear)，计算机不仅是由Windows 10驱动的机器，还包括Linux、macOS、Android和其他专为工业用途而设计的操作系统。即使是现代汽车也严重依赖计算机来执行。
计算机系统的组成部分
计算机(Computer)系统的5个主要组成部分是：
- 输入
- 输出
- 处理单元
- 贮存
- 通讯。
让我们来看看它们。
1]输入
该输入允许用户将信息和命令输入到计算机中。扫描仪、键盘、触摸屏和鼠标是输入设备的完美示例。有趣(Interestingly)的是，麦克风对于输入数据变得非常重要。
如今，无需使用键盘即可在Microsoft Word中添加文本。只需(Just)激活Office 听写(Office Dictation)，然后对着麦克风说话即可输入数据。我们可以肯定地说，如果单词发音正确，它会很好地工作。它不会完全取代键盘，但当您的手指因疼痛而无法打字时，它是一个不错的选择。
2]输出
当您查看输入(Input)组件是什么时，应该很容易确定什么是输出(Output)组件。如果您还没有弄清楚，那么，它是一个将信息传输给一个或多个人的硬件组件。计算机显示器、打印机、投影仪和扬声器是输出(Output)硬件的示例。
您可能已经知道，投影仪与显示器非常相似。主要区别在于它将数据投射到硬表面上，而监视器将信息显示在屏幕上。
此外，如果连接正确，电视也可以用作监视器。今天，每台带有HDMI连接器的电视都可以用作显示器。
阅读(Read)：如何找出 Windows 10 笔记本电脑上的处理器品牌和型号(How to find out Processor Brand and Model on a Windows 10 Laptop)？
3]处理或系统单元
如果您使用的是台式计算机，那么系统单元(System Unit)将包含所有用于处理数据的电子硬件。系统单元(System Unit)内部的主要工具是处理器，即计算机的大脑。不仅如此，它还包含内存单元，也称为RAM（随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory)）。此外，它还是主板(the motherboard)、硬盘驱动器、冷却装置等的所在地。
事实上，系统单元是消费级计算机最重要的方面，至少目前是这样。当云计算成为常态时，未来情况可能会发生变化。
随机阅读(Random read)：从上下文菜单中快速访问最喜欢的文件夹和文件(Access favorite folders and files quickly from the context menu)。
4]存储
好的，让我们来谈谈存储以及它的含义。您会看到，计算机中的存储(Storage)就是在其他存储介质中记录和检索项目。例如，用户可以将数据存储在ROM（只读(Read)存储器(Memory)）或硬盘驱动器中以备将来使用。
硬盘驱动器是操作系统和机器上保存的所有文件的所在地。至于ROM，嗯，它旨在保留不会被修改的软件。固件(Firmware)就是这样一种软件，它只位于ROM上，其他任何地方都没有。
这就是为什么每当计算机被擦干净时，固件始终保持不变。这对系统和一般用户来说都是一件好事。
由于各种原因，较旧的计算机内置了 CD 驱动器。大多数人会使用此驱动器托架来添加DVD(DVDs)以观看电影、听音乐等。但是，DVD或 CD 也可以像硬盘驱动器一样用于存储文件以备将来使用。不那么可靠，但可能。
阅读(Read)：在哪里可以找到 Windows 10 中的计算机硬件规格(Where to find computer hardware specs in Windows 10)。
5] 通讯
如果没有与其他设备或互联网通信的能力，当今世界的计算机就什么都不是。有了这种能力，人们就可以轻松地从移动设备和其他计算机发送和接收数据。
阅读(Read)：如何判断硬盘是 SSD 还是 HDD？
他们甚至可以在云上这样做。这方面的一个示例是使用Windows 10从 OneDrive 云存储帐户发送和检索Office文件。(Office)
通信能力依赖于内部硬件组件，例如蓝牙(Bluetooth)和Wi-Fi适配器。还有用于将数据从计算机发送到移动设备的USB端口，以及用于与另一个屏幕通信的(USB)HDMI。
这些工具可以轻松提供有关您计算机的硬件配置信息：(These tools can provide the provides hardware configuration information about your computer easily:)
桑德拉精简版(Sandra Lite)| MiTeC 系统信息 X(MiTeC System Information X) | BG信息| CPU-Z | HiBit 系统信息(HiBit System Information)| 硬件识别(Hardware Identify)。
What are the main components or parts of a computer system?
A computer is nothing withoυt the compоnents or рarts inside of it. Many users arе taking advantage of what these powerful machines have to offer, yet haνe no idеa what components make them tick. Bear in mind that a computer contains several mechanical, electric, and electrоnic components are known as hardware.
Do you know what these hardware components are? If not, then continue reading and well explain everything you need to know. But first, let us explain what a computer is before moving forward to the good stuff. Now, bear in mind this won’t be a long article since the information here is pretty simple, but believe us, a lot of computer users have no idea.
What is a computer?
A computer is merely an electronic device that operates under the control of commands stored in its own memory. The instructions here can accept data, and then process that data according to specific rules. Additionally, it can produce results and store these same results for future reference.
Bear in mind that a computer is not only a machine that is powered by Windows 10, but also Linux, macOS, Android, and other operating systems designed only for industrial use. Even modern cars rely heavily on computers to perform.
Components of a Computer system
The 5 the main components of a Computer system are:
- Input
- Output
- Processing Unit
- Storage
- Communications.
Let us take a look at them.
1] Input
The input allows the user to enter information and commands into a computer. A scanner, keyboard, touchscreen, and mouse are the perfect examples of an input device. Interestingly enough, mics have become quite important for inputting data.
Today, it’s possible to add texts in Microsoft Word without ever using a keyboard. Just activate Office Dictation, then speak into your mic to input the data. We can say for certain that it works quite well if words are pronounced correctly. It won’t replace the keyboard completely, but it’s a good alternative when your fingers become too sore to type.
2] Output
When you look at what an Input component is, it should then be very easy to determine what is an Output component. If you have yet to figure it out, well, it’s a hardware component that transports information to one or more people. A computer monitor, printer, projector, and speakers are examples of Output hardware.
As you might have already known, the projector is very similar to a monitor. The main difference is that it projects data onto a hard surface, while a monitor shows the information on a screen.
Additionally, television can also be used as a monitor if it has the right connection. Today, every television with an HDMI connector can act as a monitor.
Read: How to find out Processor Brand and Model on a Windows 10 Laptop?
3] Processing or System Unit
If you’re using a desktop computer, then the System Unit would be the case that contains all the electronic hardware that is used to process data. The primary tool inside of the System Unit is the processor, the brain of your computer. Not only that, but it contains the memory unit, which is also known as the RAM (Random Access Memory). Furthermore, it is also the home of the motherboard, hard drive, cooling unit, and more.
In truth, the system unit is the most important aspect of a consumer-grade computer, at least, for now. Things might change in the future when cloud computing becomes the norm.
Random read: Access favorite folders and files quickly from the context menu.
4] Storage
OK, so let’s talk a little about storage and what it all means. You see, Storage in a computer is all about recording and retrieving items to and from other storage media. For example, users can store data for future use in the ROM (Read Only Memory), or on a hard drive.
The hard drive is home to the operating system and all files saved on the machine. As for the ROM, well, it is designed to keep software that won’t be modified. Firmware is one such software that is only located on the ROM and nowhere else.
This is why whenever a computer is wiped clean, the firmware stays the same at all times. And this is a good thing for the system and the user in general.
Older computers have a CD drive built-in for various reasons. Most folks would use this drive-bay to add DVDs to watch movies, listen to music, and more. However, a DVD or CD can also be used to store files for future use in the same way as a hard drive. Not as reliable, but possible.
Read: Where to find computer hardware specs in Windows 10.
5] Communications
A computer in today’s world is nothing without the ability to communicate with other devices or on the internet. With this ability, then, folks can send and receive data from mobile devices and other computers with ease.
Read: How to tell if the Hard Drive is SSD or HDD?
They can even do so over the cloud. An example of this is the use of Windows 10 to send and retrieve Office files from a OneDrive cloud storage account.
The ability to communicate relies on internal hardware components such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi adapters. But also the USB ports for sending data from the computer to a mobile device, and HDMI for communicating with another screen.
These tools can provide the provides hardware configuration information about your computer easily:
Sandra Lite | MiTeC System Information X | BGInfo | CPU-Z | HiBit System Information | Hardware Identify.
