有三种类型的计算机，每一种都能够做独特的事情。它们由硬件和处理数据的方式分开。所讨论的三种类型的计算机是模拟(Analog)计算机、数字计算机(Digital)和混合(Hybrid)计算机。每个都可以在世界各地的各个行业，您的家中，甚至在您的汽车中找到。但是，嘿，让我们继续关注这些计算机的全部内容。
计算机类型
这三种类型的计算机基于工作、应用程序和功能：
- 模拟计算机
- 数码电脑
- 混合计算机
模拟(Analog)、数字(Digital)和混合(Hybrid)计算机之间的区别
1]模拟计算机
模拟计算机是一种以连续形式提供信息的系统。这些类型的计算机只能表示压力、重量、电压压力、速度等物理量。模拟计算机输出的任何信息通常都显示在图表上。
这些计算机系统在通过测量仪器接受数据的情况下很有用，这意味着无需转换为数字或任何形式的数字属性。速度计是模拟计算机的一个很好的例子，传统的温度计也是如此。
请注意，模拟计算机系统不需要任何存储能力，因为它们在单个过程中关联和测量数量。简而言之，与我们今天使用的相比，它们一点也不聪明，但它们确实有自己的行业。
过去，模拟计算机主要用于科学和工业应用，甚至在数字计算机兴起之后也是如此。这是因为，在数字计算机的早期，模拟系统的运行速度仍然要快得多。然而，在 1950 年代和 1960 年代之间，模拟计算机系统变得过时，因为它们无法跟上数字浪潮。
电子模拟计算机
在大多数情况下，这些计算机确实是基于模拟的细节。但是，它们的组件由电容器、电感器和电阻器组成。人们可以通过使用类似形式的方程对它们进行建模。此外，它们比普通的模拟设备更有用，因为它们有电路。
电路的使用允许模拟比以往更快地移动，这在当时对科学界来说是一个巨大的好处。
现在，如果您想知道这些计算机的外观，那么它们有很多放大器和插孔。旧的交换机是一台很棒的模拟计算机，但与我们今天所拥有的相比，它缺乏可靠性。这一点也不应该让人感到意外。
例如，我们可以在炼油厂和造纸工业中找到模拟计算机，仅举几例。
模拟计算机的一些特点
(Some characteristics of Analog Computers)
现在您知道模拟计算机是什么了，让我们来谈谈数字(Digital)。
2]数字计算机
当涉及到表示数字、字母和其他符号时，数字计算机依靠数字来完成工作。这里的输入是 ON 和OFF，输出也是如此。
在典型情况下，ON 用 1 表示，而 off 用 0 表示。就目前而言，我们可以得出结论，数字计算机处理数据是基于电荷的存在或不存在。简而言之，这称为二进制 1 或二进制 0。
对于那些可能想要处理数字或非数字数据的人来说，数字计算机不仅能够执行此类任务。此外，这样的系统可以轻松地执行算术运算，并且在大多数情况下，比人脑快得多。
第一台电子数字计算机背后的人是一个名叫John V. Atanasoff的人。该设备是在 1939 年至 1942 年间制造的，他的助手是一位名叫Clifford E. Berry的德国工程师。康拉德·祖泽(Konrad Zuse)。
目前，最常见的数字计算机是计算器和会计机。
数字计算机的一些特点(Some characteristics of Digital Computers)
是时候谈谈混合(Hybrid) 计算机(Computers)了，由于被消费者和企业等广泛使用，它在世界范围内最为知名。
3]混合计算机
当您想到混合计算机时，会想到什么？它应该是模拟和数字计算机的混合体。诸如此类的设备已经成功地结合了模拟和数字的最佳功能，使其在许多领域都非常重要。
就使用混合计算机的地方而言，它们主要用于需要处理模拟和数字信息的专门应用程序中。那么，正如您可能猜到的那样，混合计算机可以处理离散和连续数据。
当今整个世界都严重依赖混合计算机，这与它们的灵活性有很大关系。一台混合计算机可用于多种用途。模拟不能说同样的，但我们不应该忘记它的贡献。
混合计算机的一个例子是世界各地医院的重症监护室(Intensive Care Unit)( ICU )。这些设备使用模拟技术测量温度和血压，然后将数据转换并以数字形式显示在小屏幕上。
希望解释清楚。(Hope the explanation was clear.)
Difference between Analog, Digital and Hybrid computers
There are three types of cоmputers, and each is capable оf doing υniqυe things. They are separated by hardware and the manner dаta is processed. The three typeѕ of computers in queѕtion are Analog, Digital, and Hybrid. Each can be found in various industries around the world, your home, and even in your car. But hey, let’s go on ahead and focus on what these computers are all about.
Types of computers
These three types of computers are based on work, applications, and functions:
- Analog Computer
- Digital Computer
- Hybrid Computer
Difference between Analog, Digital & Hybrid computers
1] Analog Computer
An analog computer is a type of system that provides information in continuous form. These types of computers can only represent physical quantities such as pressure, weight, voltage pressure, speed, and more. Whatever information the analog computer outputs are usually shown on a graph.
These computer systems are useful in situations where data is accepted via measuring instruments, which means, there is no need to convert into numbers or any form of digital attributes. A speedometer is a great example of an analog computer, and the same can be said for the traditional thermometer.
Note that analog computer systems do not require any storage capabilities because they associate and measure quantities in a single process. In short, they are nowhere smart when compared to what we use today, but they do have their industries.
In the past, an analog computer was primarily used in scientific and industrial applications, and even after the rise of digital computers. This is because, in the early days of digital computers, analog systems were still much faster to operate. However, between the 1950s and 1960s, the analog computer system became obsolete as they could no longer keep up with the digital wave.
Electronic Analog Computers
For the most part, these computers are indeed, based on the specifics of analog. However, their components consist of capacitors, inductors, and resistors. Folks can model them by using equations of similar form. Furthermore, they are more useful than regular analog devices because they have an electric circuit.
The use of an electric circuit allows for simulation to move faster than ever before, which at the time was a huge benefit to the scientific community.
Now, if you are wondering what these computers look like, well, they have a lot of amplifiers and jacks. The switchboard of old was a great analog computer, but it lacked reliability when compared to what we have today. And that should not come as a surprise at all.
For example, we can find analog computers in oil refineries and the papermaking industries, just to name a few.
Some characteristics of Analog Computers
- Continuous values
- Small memory
- Slow speed
- Not as reliable
- Results are not accurate
- Difficult to use
Now you know what an analog computer is, let’s talk about Digital.
2] Digital Computer
When it comes down to representing numerals, letters, and other symbols a digital computer relies on digits to get the job done. The inputs here are ON and OFF, and the same goes for outputs.
In a typical case, ON is represented by 1, while off is represented by 0. As it stands, then, we can conclude that digital computers process data that is based on the existence or the absence of an electrical charge. In short, this is called binary 1 or binary 0.
For those who might want to process numerical or non-numerical data, a digital computer is more than capable of performing such tasks. Furthermore, such systems can perform arithmetic operations with ease, and in most instances, much faster than the human brain.
The man behind the first electronic digital computer is a man known as John V. Atanasoff. The device was built between 1939 and 1942, and his assistance was a German engineer who goes by the name, Clifford E. Berry. Konrad Zuse.
Right now, the most common digital computers are that of calculators and accounting machines.
Some characteristics of Digital Computers
- Discrete values
- Large memory
- Faster speed
- Very reliable
- Results are 100 percent accurate
Time to talk about Hybrid Computers, which are the most known around the world due to being widely used by consumers and businesses alike.
3] Hybrid Computer
When you think of a hybrid computer, what comes to mind? It should be a blend of analog and digital computers. Devices such as these have managed to combine the best features of analog and digital, making them super important in a number of areas.
In terms of where hybrid computers are used, well, they are mainly found in specialized applications that need to process analog and digital information. As you might guess, then, hybrid computers can process discrete and continuous data.
The entire world today relies heavily on hybrid computers, and this has a lot to do with their flexibility. A single hybrid computer can be used for various things. The same cannot be said for analog, but we should not forget of its contribution.
An example of a hybrid computer is the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) found in hospitals around the world. These devices use analog technology to measure temperature and blood pressure, and the data is then converted and shown in digital form on a small screen.
Hope the explanation was clear.
