您是否在使用计算机上的(Are)Microsoft Excel打开文件时遇到问题?如果是这样,您的文件可能已损坏,或者您的 Excel 应用程序(an issue with your Excel app)、Windows或Mac系统可能存在问题。我们将向您展示如何解决此问题,以便您可以查看电子表格数据。
虽然无法打开Excel(Excel)文件的主要原因可能是文件已损坏,但还有其他原因,例如文件扩展名错误、外部设备无响应、Excel加载项有问题等等。

1. 确保您使用 Excel(Using Excel)打开文件
如果您的计算机上安装了多个电子表格程序,您很可能正在使用非 Excel 应用程序来启动您的文件。
您可以通过强制您的系统(forcing your system to launch your file)使用真正的 Excel 应用程序启动您的文件来解决这个问题。
- 在您的计算机上
启动文件资源管理器(File Explorer)或Finder 。
- 右键单击您的电子表格,然后选择打开(Open)方式> Excel。

如果在应用列表中没有找到Excel ,请选择(Excel)“选择(Choose)另一个应用”,您将看到该应用。
2. 取消选中 Excel 的动态数据交换(Dynamic Data Exchange)( DDE ) 选项
上述问题的一个已知原因包括Excel中启用的(Excel)DDE功能。您可以关闭此选项以查看是否可以解决您的问题。稍后(Later),如果需要,重新打开该功能很容易。
- 在您的计算机上打开Excel,然后选择左侧的选项。
- (Choose Advanced)在左侧边栏中
选择高级。
- 关闭右侧的忽略(Ignore)其他使用动态数据交换(Dynamic Data Exchange)( DDE ) 选项的应用程序。

- 选择(Choose OK)窗口底部的确定。
- 尝试使用Excel启动您的文件。
3. 修复损坏的 Excel 文件
Microsoft Excel包含一个选项,允许您修复错误文件(fix your faulty files),然后使用Excel应用程序打开它们。值得使用此选项来解决您的问题。
- 启动Excel,选择左侧的打开,然后选择中间栏中的(Open)浏览(Browse)。
- 打开(Open)包含您的Excel文件的文件夹,单击该文件,选择打开(Open)旁边的向下箭头图标,然后选择打开(Open)并修复(Repair)。

- 允许 Excel(Allow Excel)修复,然后打开您的文件。
4.确保文件具有(File Has)正确的扩展名(Correct Extension)
您的电子表格文件必须使用Excel 支持的扩展(Excel-supported extension)才能启动该应用程序。您当前的文件格式可能不正确,从而导致应用程序出现问题。
大多数Excel电子表格使用 XLS 或XLSX文件格式。您的也可以是CSV文件,Excel支持打开该文件。
如果您的文件不是这种情况,请更改文件的扩展名并查看是否可以解决问题。
- 右键单击您的Excel文件并选择重命名(Rename)。
- 将文件扩展名更改为 XLS 或XLSX,然后按Enter 键(Enter)。

- 使用 Excel 启动文件。
如果您的文件在更改扩展名后无法打开,请启动您用来创建文件的应用程序并使用该应用程序的另存为(Save As)或类似选项将文件格式更改为 XLS 或 XLSX。
5. 将Excel 文件(Excel File)从外部存储(Your External Storage)复制到本地存储
如果您尝试启动存储在外部设备(例如USB闪存驱动器)上的(USB)Excel文件,则该设备与您的计算机的连接可能无法正常工作,从而导致问题。
在这种情况下,将文件从外部设备复制到计算机,然后在(copy the file from your external device)Excel应用程序中启动文件的本地副本。那应该可以解决您的问题。
6.在Windows 10或 11
上使用 Excel 的Office 安全模式(Office Safe Mode)
Excel提供了各种加载项,可帮助您充分利用该应用程序。有时,这些加载项中的一个或多个发生故障,导致应用程序和您的文件出现问题。
在这种情况下,您可以隔离这些加载项并仅使用最基本的文件启动 Excel(launch Excel only with the bare essential files)。您可以通过在Office 安全模式下(Office Safe Mode)打开应用程序来执行此操作。请注意,此方法仅适用于Windows PC(Windows PCs)。
- Windows + R启动 PC 的“运行”(Run)对话框。
- 在框中键入以下内容并按 Enter:
excel /safe

- 选择(Select File)Excel 左上角的文件。
- (Choose Open)选择左侧的“打开”,然后选择中间列中的“浏览”。(Browse)

- 访问包含您的文件的文件夹,选择文件,然后选择窗口底部的打开
。(Open)
7.关闭Excel中的硬件加速(Hardware Acceleration)
当您遇到文件无法打开或应用程序崩溃等问题时,值得关闭应用程序的硬件加速(hardware acceleration)功能来解决您的问题。这样做可确保您的应用不会将其任务卸载到您电脑的硬件组件上。
您可以随时重新打开该功能。
- 启动Excel并选择左侧的选项。
- (Choose Advanced)在左侧边栏中
选择“高级”。
- 在右侧的显示(Display)部分中打开禁用(Disable)硬件图形加速。

- 选择(Choose OK)窗口底部的确定。
- 使用 Excel 启动文件。
8. 修复您的Microsoft Office安装
如果您的Excel文件仍然无法打开,则您的Microsoft Office安装可能已损坏。当第三方程序、系统错误或病毒修改Office应用的核心文件时,通常会发生这种情况。
您可以在 Windows 计算机上
使用 Office 的内置修复工具修复该问题。(using Office’s built-in repair tool)
- (Open the Control Panel)打开PC 上
的控制面板。
- (Select Uninstall)在打开的窗口中
选择卸载程序。
- 在列表中选择您的Microsoft Office安装,然后选择顶部的更改。(Change)

- 在用户帐户控制(User Account Control)提示
中选择是。(Yes)
- 选择快速修复(Choose Quick Repair)并选择修复(Repair)。

- 如果您的Excel应用程序仍然有问题,请选择“在线修复(Online Repair)”选项并选择“修复(Repair)” 。
9.在另一个电子表格处理器中打开您的(Spreadsheet Processor)Excel 文件(Excel File)
如果无论您做什么都无法打开您的Excel文件,请使用其他电子表格程序来查看您的文件。(Excel)Windows和Mac都有多个可用的非 Office 应用程序(multiple non-Office apps),可让你查看和编辑Excel文件。
您可以使用Apache OpenOffice(Windows和Mac)或 Apple Numbers(Mac )等免费办公套件(free office suite)来编辑您的电子表格。这样,您无需等待问题得到解决即可开始处理您的文件。
(Open Problematic Excel Files)在您的计算机上(Your Computer)打开有问题的 Excel 文件
您的 Excel 文件可能无法(your Excel file may not open)在您的计算机上打开的原因有多种。但是,一旦您解决了文件、应用程序和系统的这些问题,您的文件就会正常启动,让您可以开始分析数据或执行其他电子表格任务。
Excel File Won’t Open? 9 Fixes to Try
Are you haνing trouble opening a file in Microsoft Εxсеl on yoυr сomputer? If so, your file might be corrupt, or there may be an issue with your Excel app, Windows, or Mac system. We’ll show you how to get around this problem so you can view your spreadsheet data.
While the main reason you can’t open your Excel file may be that your file is corrupt, there are other causes, like the wrong extension on your file, an unresponsive external device, a problematic Excel add-in, and more.

1. Make Sure You’re Using Excel to Open the File
If you have multiple spreadsheet programs installed on your computer, chances are you’re using a non-Excel app to launch your file.
You can fix that by forcing your system to launch your file with the real Excel app.
- Launch File Explorer or Finder on your computer.
- Right-click your spreadsheet and choose Open with > Excel.

If you don’t find Excel on the app list, select Choose another app, and you’ll see the app.
2. Uncheck Excel’s Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) Option
A known cause of the above issue includes the enabled DDE feature in Excel. You can turn this option off to see if that fixes your problem. Later, turning the feature back on if you want is easy.
- Open Excel on your computer and select Options on the left.
- Choose Advanced in the left sidebar.
- Turn off the Ignore other applications that use Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) option on the right.

- Choose OK at the bottom of the window.
- Try to launch your file with Excel.
3. Repair Your Corrupt Excel File
Microsoft Excel includes an option that allows you to fix your faulty files and then open them with the Excel app. It’s worth using this option to resolve your issue.
- Launch Excel, select Open on the left, and choose Browse in the middle column.
- Open the folder containing your Excel file, single-click the file, select the down-arrow icon next to Open, and choose Open and Repair.

- Allow Excel to repair and then open your file.
4. Make Sure the File Has the Correct Extension
Your spreadsheet file must use an Excel-supported extension to launch the app. Your current file may be in an incorrect file format, causing issues in the app.
Most Excel spreadsheets use either the XLS or XLSX file format. Yours can also be a CSV file, which Excel supports opening.
If that isn’t the case with your file, change your file’s extension and see if that resolves the issue.
- Right-click your Excel file and choose Rename.
- Change the file extension to XLS or XLSX and press Enter.

- Launch your file with Excel.
If your file doesn’t open after changing the extension, launch the app you created your file with and use the app’s Save As or similar option to change your file’s format to XLS or XLSX.
5. Copy Your Excel File From Your External Storage to Your Local Storage
If you’re trying to launch an Excel file stored on an external device, such as a USB flash drive, that device’s connection with your computer might not be working, causing issues.
In this case, copy the file from your external device to your computer, then launch the local copy of the file in your Excel app. That should resolve your issue.
6. Use Excel’s Office Safe Mode on Windows 10 or 11
Excel offers various add-ins to help you get the most out of the app. Sometimes, one or more of these add-ins malfunction, causing issues with the app and your files.
In this case, you can isolate those add-ins and launch Excel only with the bare essential files. You can do this by opening the app in Office Safe Mode. Note that this method only works on Windows PCs.
- Launch your PC’s Run dialog box by pressing Windows + R.
- Type the following in the box and press Enter:
excel /safe

- Select File in Excel’s top-left corner.
- Choose Open on the left and select Browse in the middle column.

- Access the folder containing your file, select the file, and choose Open at the bottom of the window.
7. Turn Off Hardware Acceleration in Excel
When you face issues like a file not opening or an app crashing, it’s worth toggling off your app’s hardware acceleration feature to resolve your issue. Doing so ensures your app isn’t offloading its tasks on your PC’s hardware components.
You can turn the feature back on any time you want.
- Launch Excel and select Options on the left.
- Choose Advanced in the sidebar on the left.
- Turn on Disable hardware graphics acceleration in the Display section on the right.

- Choose OK at the bottom of the window.
- Launch your file with Excel.
8. Repair Your Microsoft Office Installation
If your Excel file still doesn’t open, your Microsoft Office installation might be corrupt. This usually happens when a third-party program, system error, or virus modifies an Office app’s core files.
You can fix that using Office’s built-in repair tool on your Windows computer.
- Open the Control Panel on your PC.
- Select Uninstall a program on the window that opens.
- Choose your Microsoft Office installation on the list and select Change at the top.

- Select Yes in the User Account Control prompt.
- Choose Quick Repair and select Repair.

- If your Excel app is still faulty, select the Online Repair option and choose Repair.
9. Open Your Excel File in Another Spreadsheet Processor
If your Excel file won’t open no matter what you do, use another spreadsheet program to view your file. Both Windows and Mac have multiple non-Office apps available that let you view and edit your Excel files.
You can use a free office suite like Apache OpenOffice (Windows and Mac) or Apple Numbers (Mac) to edit your spreadsheets. This way, you don’t have to wait for the issue to be fixed to start working on your files.
Open Problematic Excel Files on Your Computer
There are various reasons your Excel file may not open on your machine. However, once you’ve fixed those issues with the file, the app, and your system, your file will launch just like it should, allowing you to start analyzing your data or performing other spreadsheet tasks.