非系统磁盘(Disk)或磁盘错误(Disk Error)是 PC 无法正常启动时出现的常见“黑屏”错误消息。当BIOS找不到具有可引导操作系统 (OS) 的驱动器时会发生这种情况，并且通常是由于引导顺序中的错误。
如果您遇到过这个臭名昭著的磁盘错误，您就会知道它有多烦人。幸运的是，它通常很容易解决。本文将向您展示修复Windows中的(Windows)非系统磁盘(Non-System Disk)或磁盘错误(Disk Error)的四种方法。
什么原因导致非系统磁盘(Disk)或磁盘错误消息(Disk Error Message)？
非系统磁盘(Non-System Disk)或磁盘错误(Disk Error)消息有多种潜在原因，包括：
- 不正确的引导顺序
- 损坏或损坏的引导设备或系统文件
- 损坏或损坏的操作系统文件
- SATA/IDE 电缆不正确
- 硬盘配置不当
- 恶意软件
如果您遇到此错误，则可能意味着您的硬盘驱动器(Hard Disk Drive)( HDD ) 出现故障。我们建议尽快尝试所有修复并备份该 HDD 上的所有数据(backing up any data on that HDD)以避免数据丢失。
1. 从您的 PC中删除不可启动的媒体(Media From)
当您的 PC 尝试从错误的存储设备启动时，通常会导致此错误。因此，首先要尝试移除所有存储设备（包括DVD(DVDs)、CD-ROM(CD-ROMs)、软盘、USB驱动器、外部硬盘驱动器等）。完成此操作后，重新启动计算机并查看它是否正确启动。
2. 检查你的电缆
非系统磁盘错误(Non-System Disk Error)或磁盘错误(Disk Error)的另一个常见原因是SATA或IDE电缆故障。这些电缆将您的HDD或SSD连接到您的主板。如果连接松动或电缆损坏，您的 PC 将更难（或不可能）检测到操作系统。
此外，最近安装的硬件可能配置错误并干扰主板或硬盘驱动器的正常功能。
关闭计算机并检查连接和电缆是否损坏。拔下(Unplug)任何新硬件并正确重新配置。检查您的电脑是否正常工作。如果没有，您可以尝试完全更换电缆。
3.在BIOS/UEFI正确的引导优先级(Correct Boot Priority)
如果第一个修复对您有用，则您的启动优先级可能是错误的。您必须access the BIOS/UEFI才能更改启动配置。
以下是更改启动优先级的方法：
- 重新启动(Reboot)您的电脑。当它启动到第一个屏幕时，按下打开计算机BIOS/UEFI的键。这因制造商而异，但通常显示在屏幕上（通常是F10、F12、 F1 、 F2 、DEL或Esc）。
- 进入BIOS/UEFI后，您需要找到引导顺序(boot order)设置。通常，这将位于“引导”(Boot )或“引导优先级”选项卡(Boot Priority tab)下，有时位于“设置”(Settings )菜单中。使用鼠标或箭头键导航到它并按Enter。
- 现在，您需要将包含您的操作系统的硬盘驱动器（标记为Windows Boot Manager）放在启动序列的开头。您应该能够使用Legacy BIOS 中 的+和–键上下移动项目。
注意：(Note: )在Legacy BIOS中，移动列表中项目的说明应显示在屏幕右侧的窗格中。
4.修复您的操作系统或硬盘
如果上述修复未能解决您 PC 上的磁盘错误，则(Disk Error)硬盘(HDD)上的启动文件可能已损坏或损坏。此修复需要光盘驱动器和Windows安装光盘或USB闪存驱动器。或者，您可以将Windows 启动到恢复模式(boot Windows into recovery mode)以访问这些设置。
启动修复或系统还原
首先要尝试的是 Microsoft 的内置诊断和修复工具之一。这将扫描您的系统驱动器以查找影响启动的任何潜在问题。
以下是使用Windows 10执行此操作的方法：
- 进入(Enter)BIOS并将您的磁盘/USB 驱动器设置为最高启动优先级（按照修复 #3 中的说明进行操作）(Fix)。
- 插入您的光盘或 USB 驱动器。
- 选择您的语言、时间和输入法，然后选择下一步(Next)。
- 选择修复您的计算机(Repair your computer)。
- 选择疑难解答(Troubleshoot)。
- 选择高级选项(Advanced Options)。
- 在高级选项(Advanced options)页面上，选择启动修复(Startup Repair)。
该向导现在将运行，并有望识别并修复导致您的错误的问题。如果这不起作用，您可能希望尝试手动修复您的主引导记录(manually fixing your Master Boot Record) (MBR)，尽管启动修复(Startup Repair)应该会自动执行此操作。
运行 CHKDSK 修复硬盘
CHKDSK（检查磁盘(Check Disk)）是一种Windows诊断实用程序，可检查硬盘分区的完整性，并可以帮助您修复可能导致非系统磁盘(Non-System Disk)或磁盘错误(Disk Error)的多个问题。
- 按照上面的步骤 1-6，但选择Command Prompt而不是Startup Repair。
- 编写以下命令并按Enter。
chkdsk C: /f
- 此步骤可能需要几分钟。如果该工具发现任何问题，它将尝试修复它们。如果没有，您将收到消息Windows 已扫描文件系统并没有发现问题。无需采取进一步行动(Windows has scanned the file system and found no problems. No further action is required)。
注意： “C:”是指安装(Note: )Windows的硬盘。如果您的驱动器位于不同的驱动器上，请更换此驱动器。/f是主要的CHKDSK命令之一，它告诉实用程序修复任何检测到的错误。
没有修复工作：下一步是什么？
如果上述修复都没有帮助，并且您仍然无法启动 PC，下一步是尝试恢复尽可能多的数据，然后在新驱动器上 安装Windows 。
错误的引导顺序通常会导致 Non-System Disk或Disk Error，但如果您遇到这些错误，则可能意味着更深层次的问题。我们建议您始终备份您的驱动器，以避免在硬盘(HDD)即将取出时丢失数据。
FIX: Non-System Disk or Disk Error in Windows
The Non-System Disk or Disk Error is a common “black screen” error message that appears when the PC cannot boot properly. It occurs whеn the BIOS cannоt find a drive with a bootable operating system (OS) and is usually due to a fault in the boot order.
If you’ve come across this notorious disk error, you know how annoying it can be. Luckily, it’s often easy to resolve. This article will show you four ways to fix the Non-System Disk or Disk Error in Windows.
What Causes the Non-System Disk or Disk Error Message?
There are several potential causes for the Non-System Disk or Disk Error message including:
- An incorrect boot order
- A corrupted or damaged boot device or system files
- Corrupted or damaged OS files
- Incorrect SATA/IDE cables
- Improper hard drive configuration
- Malware
If you encounter this error, it may mean that your Hard Disk Drive (HDD) is failing. We recommend attempting all fixes as quickly as possible and backing up any data on that HDD to avoid data loss.
1. Remove the Non-Bootable Media From Your PC
This error is usually caused when your PC tries to boot from the wrong storage device. So, the first thing to try is to remove all storage devices (including DVDs, CD-ROMs, floppy disks, USB drives, external hard drives, etc.). Once you’ve done this, restart your computer and see if it boots correctly.
2. Check Your Cables
Another common cause for the Non-System Disk Error or Disk Error is faulty SATA or IDE cables. These cables connect your HDD or SSD to your motherboard. If the connection is loose or the cables have deteriorated, it will be harder (or impossible) for your PC to detect the OS.
Additionally, recently installed hardware may be misconfigured and interfere with the correct function of your motherboard or hard drive.
Turn off your computer and check the connections and cables for damage. Unplug any new hardware and reconfigure it correctly. Check if your PC works. If it doesn’t, you can try replacing the cables entirely.
3. Set the Correct Boot Priority in the BIOS/UEFI
If the first fix worked for you, your boot priority is likely wrong. You’ll have to access the BIOS/UEFI to change your boot configuration.
Here’s how to change the boot priority:
- Reboot your PC. As it starts up to the first screen, press the key that opens up the computer’s BIOS/UEFI. This varies across manufacturers but is usually displayed on the screen (generally F10, F12, F1, F2, DEL, or Esc).
- Once you’re in the BIOS/UEFI, you need to find the boot order settings. Usually, this will be under a Boot or Boot Priority tab, sometimes in the Settings menu. Use your mouse or arrow keys to navigate to it and press Enter.
- Now, you need to place the hard drive that contains your OS (labeled Windows Boot Manager) at the start of the boot sequence. You should be able to move items up and down using the + and – keys in Legacy BIOS.
Note: In Legacy BIOS, instructions for moving items in the list should appear in a pane on the right-hand side of the screen.
4. Repair Your OS or HDD
If the above fixes haven’t solved the Disk Error on your PC, the boot files on your HDD may be damaged or corrupted. This fix requires a disc drive and a Windows installation disc or USB flash drive. Alternatively, you can boot Windows into recovery mode to access these settings.
Startup Repair or System Restore
The first thing to try is one of Microsoft’s built-in diagnostic and repair tools. This will scan your system drive for any potential issues affecting the startup.
Here’s how to do so with Windows 10:
- Enter the BIOS and set your disc/USB drive as the highest boot priority (follow the instructions in Fix #3).
- Insert your disc or USB drive.
- Choose your language, time, and input method and select Next.
- Select Repair your computer.
- Select Troubleshoot.
- Select Advanced Options.
- On the Advanced options page, select Startup Repair.
The wizard will now run and hopefully identify and fix the problem causing your error. If this doesn’t work, you may wish to try manually fixing your Master Boot Record (MBR), although Startup Repair should do this automatically.
Run CHKDSK to Repair Your HDD
CHKDSK (Check Disk) is a Windows diagnostics utility that checks the integrity of hard drive partitions and can help you fix several issues that may cause the Non-System Disk or Disk Error.
- Follow steps 1-6 above, but select Command Prompt rather than Startup Repair.
- Write the following command and press Enter.
chkdsk C: /f
- This step may take several minutes. If the tool finds any issues, it will attempt to repair them. If not, you will receive the message Windows has scanned the file system and found no problems. No further action is required.
Note: “C:” refers to the hard disk where Windows is installed. Replace this if yours is on a different drive. /f is one of the primary CHKDSK commands and tells the utility to repair any detected errors.
No Fixes Worked: What Next?
If none of the above fixes helped and you’re still unable to boot your PC, the next step is to try and recover as much data as possible then install Windows on a new drive.
A faulty boot order usually causes the Non-System Disk or Disk Error, but if you experience these errors, it could signify a deeper issue. We recommend backing up your drives consistently to avoid data loss if your HDD is on the way out.
