Windows 计算机有许多众所周知且易于使用的诊断工具，但Mac阵营中的人们缺乏这种多功能性。众所周知，macOS 更难使用，大多数用户发现让专业技术人员处理问题比自己处理更容易。
但是，如果您来自DIY领域，那么这些工具适合您。我们汇总了 macOS 上一些最有用的诊断工具列表，以帮助您找出内存泄漏的原因、CPU 耗尽的原因以及所有硬盘驱动器空间的去向。
OnyX (下载(Download))
OnyX是一款适用于(OnyX)Mac的免费磁盘实用程序，
非常适合找出运行速度不快或运行不顺畅的原因。OnyX可让您在硬盘驱动器上运行诊断程序、执行各种系统维护任务以及删除您甚至可能不知道的缓存。它还提供对 macOS 中许多隐藏功能的访问。
最好的部分？OnyX完全免费。该程序会持续更新以与最新的操作系统更新一起使用，因此您不必担心不兼容。创建者会在Apple(Apple)发布更新后不久发布更新，因此如果更新后它不能立即正常工作，请给它一点时间。
磁盘工具
磁盘实用程序(Disk Utility)是 macOS 提供的磁盘实用程序（惊喜！），可帮助处理驱动器错误和损坏的文件。如果您的Mac无法启动到其操作系统，它也是首选工具。如果您以前从未听说过它，您可以在 Applications > Utilities 文件夹中找到它。
由于Disk Utility随 macOS 一起提供，因此它是一个免费程序。如果您有一个抛出错误的驱动器，您可以在启动该实用程序后对其运行急救。您还可以使用此实用程序创建驱动器映像并将其导出到外部硬盘驱动器 - 如果您的硬盘驱动器出现故障，这是一个有用的功能。
MemTest86 (下载(Download))
Apple电脑在更多方面是不可思议的，而不仅仅是它们的操作系统。他们中的许多(Many)人很难（如果不是不可能的话）在硬件上工作或以任何方式对其进行修改。Macbook倾向于将其所有组件焊接到主板上，但 iMac 通常提供一种换出RAM的方法。但任何使用过RAM的人都知道，它可能有问题。
当你发现你的RAM不能正常工作时，试试 MemTest86(MemTest86)。这是一个可以下载到可启动USB驱动器的程序。当您想使用它时，只需在Mac(Mac)启动时按下 Option 键。MemTest86将测试您的RAM是否存在任何不稳定性，并帮助您缩小内存问题的可能来源。
恶意软件字节（下载(Download)）
Malwarebytes 是最常用的恶意软件测试程序之一。对于Windows(Windows)用户来说，这种情况更为常见，但尽管普遍认为，Mac(Macs)可能会成为恶意软件和病毒的牺牲品。Malwarebytes 易于使用。每月(Just)至少运行一次扫描，如果不是每两周一次，以确保您的Mac没有任何恶意软件。
即使恶意软件感染的机会很低，但在安全方面仍然是件好事。每月进行几次快速扫描将使您免受网络钓鱼软件、键盘记录程序等的侵害。
DIY诊断
与任何允许您在操作系统文件中工作的工具一样，请谨慎使用诊断工具。在使用它们之前，请确保您完全了解您正在使用的命令的作用。
这些工具对于延长Mac的使用寿命非常有用，但滥用它们可能会对您的系统造成无法弥补的损害。
The Best Diagnostic Tools for Mac
Windows computers have a number of well-known аnd easy-to-use diagnostic tools, but the people in the Mac camp lack that versatility. macOS is known to be harder to work with, and most userѕ find it easier to let a specialized tech handle the problem rather than deal with it on their own.
But if you hail from the land of DIY, then these tools are for you. We’ve put together a list of some of the most useful diagnostic tools on macOS to help you figure out why you’re leaking memory, why your CPU is maxing out, and where all of your hard drive space has gone.
OnyX is a free disk utility for the Mac
that’s perfect for ferreting out why things aren’t running as quickly or as
smoothly as they should be. OnyX lets you run diagnostics on your hard drive,
perform various system maintenance tasks, and delete caches you might not even
know are there. It also provides access to a lot of hidden features in macOS.
The best part? OnyX is totally free. The
program is consistently updated to work with the most recent OS updates, so you
don’t have to worry about incompatibility. The creator releases updates soon
after Apple does, so if it doesn’t work quite right immediately after the
update, give it a bit of time.
Disk Utility
Disk Utility is a disk utility (surprise!)
provided with macOS that helps handle drive errors and corrupted files. It’s
also the go-to tool if your Mac won’t boot into its operating system. If you’ve
never heard of it before, you can find it tucked away in the Applications >
Utilities folder.
Since Disk Utility comes with macOS, it’s a
free program. If you have a drive that is throwing errors, you can run First
Aid on it after you launch the utility. You can also use this utility to create
an image of your drive and export it to an external hard drive—a useful feature
if your hard drive is failing.
Apple computers are inscrutable in more
ways than just their OS. Many of them make it difficult, if not impossible, to
work on the hardware or modify it in any way. A Macbook tends to have all its
components soldered to the motherboard, but iMacs usually provide a way to swap
out RAM. But as anyone that has worked with RAM before knows, it can be faulty.
When you find your RAM not working
properly, give MemTest86 a spin. It’s a program that can be downloaded to a
bootable USB drive. When you want to use it, just press down the Option key as
your Mac boots. MemTest86 will test your RAM for any instability and help you
narrow down where your memory problems might come from.
Malwarebytes is one of the most commonly
used programs for testing for malware. It’s more common for Windows users, but
despite the common belief, Macs can fall prey to malware and viruses.
Malwarebytes is simple to use. Just run the scan at least once per month, if
not once every two weeks, to make sure your Mac is free of any malware.
Even if the chance for a malware infection
is low, it’s still good to be on the safe side of things. A quick scan a couple
of times a month will keep you protected from phishing software, keyloggers,
and much more.
DIY Diagnostics
As with any tool that lets you work inside the files of an operating system, use diagnostic tools with care. Make sure you are completely aware of what the commands you’re using do before you use them.
These tools can be tremendously useful for extending the lifespan of your Mac, but misuse of them can cause irreparable damage to your system.
