如果您最近购买了Mac，或者如果您被要求使用Mac进行工作，那么如果您是Windows 的老用户(Windows user)，那么您在尝试使用OS X时可能会感到沮丧。这是完全可以理解的，Apple真的不想在短期内改变他们的操作系统以匹配Windows。
Apple喜欢OS X的本来面目，而且它可能会在余生中保持原来的样子。这意味着您需要习惯Windows 和 Mac(Windows and Mac)之间的一些差异。在我看来，默认情况下仍然可以使OS X更易于使用，但不幸的是，您必须手动进行一些更改才能使事情变得更好。
在本文中，我将为必须使用Mac 和 OS X的(Mac and OS X)Windows用户提供一些我最喜欢的技巧。一旦(Once)你习惯了OS X，你甚至可能比Windows更喜欢它，这就是发生在我身上的事情。学习曲线(learning curve)很小，但值得付出努力。另外，请务必查看我关于OS X中与(OS X)Windows等效的程序和功能的帖子。
提示 #1 – 如何右键单击
作为初学者的Mac 用户(Mac user)，最烦人的事情之一就是试图弄清楚如何右键单击！Mac(Macs)没有单独的右键单击按钮，这对某些人来说真的很烦人。幸运的是，Apple 方法(Apple method)实际上更直观且更易于使用。
右键单击所需要做的就是在执行正常单击时使用两根手指。当您用两根手指单击时，您将获得右键单击上下文菜单(context menu)。对我来说，这比像大多数Windows(Windows)笔记本电脑那样将手指一直向下移动到正确的按钮要方便得多。
您可以通过转到系统偏好设置( System Preferences)-触控(Trackpad)板并单击指向和单击(Point & Click)选项卡来更改右键单击工作的设置。
默认情况下，右键单击选项在OS X中称为(OS X)辅助单击( Secondary click)。如果选中，通常设置为单击或用两根手指点击( Click or tap with two finger)，但您可以单击小箭头并从其他两个选项中进行选择：单击右下角(Click in bottom right corner)或单击左下角( Click in bottom left corner)。如果您只是喜欢在Windows中的操作方式，您可以调整OS X以获得相同的行为。
此外，另一个快速提示是也检查“点击以单击”( Tap to click)选项。大多数 Windows 笔记本电脑允许您点击以单击，但OS X默认情况下没有启用此功能，因此您必须手动按下按钮才能单击。如果您去滚动和缩放(Scroll & Zoom)，您还可以将滚动方向(scroll direction)更改为更自然的方向。
提示(Tip)#2 –将应用程序添加(Add Applications)到Dock
另一个最让Windows用户感到不安的主要变化是缺少“开始”按钮(Start button)。OS X中根本没有任何中央按钮。您在左上角有一个小的Apple 标志图标，它可以做一些事情，比如让您进入系统偏好设置或让您重新启动/关闭计算机。(Apple logo)
Dock基本上类似于Windows 任务栏(Windows taskbar)，但只有快捷方式，没有别的。另一个令人讨厌的事情是，它一开始就完全充满了默认的Apple 应用程序(Apple apps)。我几乎从不使用超过一两个，所以我要做的第一件事就是摆脱它们。您可以通过右键单击 Dock 中的图标、选择Options并选择Remove from Dock来执行此操作。
完成此操作后，您可以将一种All Programs文件夹添加到Dock中，让您可以看到OS X中安装的所有程序的列表。为此，您必须将Applications文件夹拖到您的 Dock 上。为此，您需要单击桌面(Desktop)上的硬盘图标。如果您没有看到它，请单击Mac左上角的Finder ，然后单击Preferences。在常规(General)选项卡上，确保选中硬盘(Hard disks)、外部磁盘(External disks)和CD、DVD 和 iPod( CDs, DVDs and iPods)复选框。
单击(Click)桌面上的硬盘图标(disk icon)，您应该会看到列出的Applications文件夹以及Library、System、Users等其他文件夹。
继续将该文件夹拖到您的Dock中。现在，当单击该图标时，您将获得Mac上安装的所有程序的完整列表。这比尝试将它们全部添加到您的Dock或必须使用Spotlight来查找您要运行的程序要好。
您也可以使用Launcher（Dock中的silver/grey rocket icon），但由于某种原因，我从未发现自己使用过它。
提示(Tip)#3 –使用垃圾箱弹出驱动器(Eject)
这个一定是最好的。很长一段时间以来，Apple在从系统中弹出设备时一直让人们感到困惑。为了弹出闪存驱动器或 DVD(drive or DVD)，您要么必须右键单击并选择“弹出(Eject)”，要么必须将项目拖入废纸篓(Trash)。
这就像将您的 USB 驱动器拖入Windows中的(Windows)回收站(Recycle Bin)，这基本上意味着删除所有内容！很明显，人们甚至不喜欢将任何包含重要数据的东西扔进垃圾桶的想法！
但是，这就是您在OS X中必须这样做的方式，不，它不会导致任何数据丢失。实际上，您会注意到，当您在OS X中单击并拖动外部驱动器或光盘(drive or disc)时，垃圾桶的图标会变为弹出图标。我想这应该让我们感觉更好一些。
提示 #4 – 调整查找器
Finder基本上类似于Windows Explorer。在我看来， Explorer的版本要简单得多。但是，我更喜欢Explorer(Explorer)的更详细和混乱的视图，而不是流线型的Finder。这太简单了。
因此，要将更多内容添加到Finder中，请打开Finder 窗口(Finder window)，然后单击“查看”(View)并单击“显示路径栏(Show Path Bar)”和“显示状态栏”(Show Status Bar)选项。这将使 Finder 看起来更像资源管理器。
在查看(View)下，单击自定义工具栏(Customize Toolbar)，将几个有用的图标添加到默认工具栏(default toolbar)。就个人而言，我喜欢将New Folder、Delete和Get Info按钮添加到我的工具栏。
最后，点击Finder，然后点击Preferences，然后点击Sidebar。在这里，您可以将其他项目添加到Finder 侧边栏(Finder sidebar)，例如图片、音乐(Music)等。这类似于Windows中的库文件夹。
在General选项卡上，您还可以编辑New Finder 窗口显示( New Finder window shows) 选项并选择(option and pick something)All Files以外的其他内容。我更喜欢选择我的主文件夹(home folder)，它更适合Windows 资源管理器(Windows explorer)。
提示 #5 – 学习使用 Spotlight
如果您习惯了 Windows 开始菜单中的搜索框(Windows)，(Start menu)您会(search box)很高兴知道OS X中有一个等效的(OS X)搜索选项(search option)，称为Spotlight。您可以通过两种方式访问它：单击屏幕右上角的放大镜(magnifying glass)或按 Command + Spacebar键盘快捷键。
使用Spotlight是查找文件、更改OS X设置、查找要安装的应用程序、查找电子邮件、查找日历事件等的最佳方式。它还显示来自网络的结果，因此您可以搜索Apple并获取建议的网站和甚至是当地苹果商店(Apple store)的地图。
提示(Tip)#6 – OS X 使用空格和全屏(OS X Uses Spaces & Full Screen)
您必须习惯的另一件事是了解每个窗口左上角的这三个按钮是如何工作(window work)的。在Windows中，您有三个按钮：最小化按钮(minimize button)、展开按钮(expand button)和关闭按钮。在OS X中，您有一个红色的关闭按钮、一个黄色的最小化按钮(minimize button)和一个可展开的绿色按钮，但具体取决于程序。
例如，如果您单击Safari的绿色按钮，它将扩展到全屏，其他所有内容都将消失。如果您将鼠标移动到屏幕顶部，您将看到工具栏，仅此而已。那么你所有的其他窗户都去哪儿了，你怎么去的？
好吧，在OS X中，该应用程序基本上已经进入了自己的空间。如果你用三个手指向上滚动，你会看到一个叫做Mission Control的东西。基本上(Basically)，它会向您显示正在使用其自己空间的每个桌面或程序(desktop or program)的缩略图。
它们基本上是OS X中的虚拟桌面。大多数内置应用程序在使用绿色按钮展开时会占用自己的空间。您可以单击空间来激活它，也可以使用三指向右或向左滑动(finger swipe)来浏览空间。我非常喜欢这个功能，因为它可以让你完全在一个应用程序中工作，但仍然可以让你快速使用其他应用程序。
但是，在某些应用程序上，应用程序会扩展到全屏，但不会进入自己的空间。它基本上会保留在原始桌面上，只占用大部分屏幕。大多数第三方应用程序（如Microsoft Office）现在都支持进入自己空间的全屏模式。
如果您愿意，还可以单击小加号图标添加新桌面。如果您愿意，您可以在特定桌面上打开特定程序，甚至可以更改背景，以便每个桌面都有不同的背景。这需要一些练习，但是一旦你习惯了它，你就会一直使用它。只需(Just)记住三个手指滑动即可。
提示(Tip)#7 –从Mac App Store安装程序(– Install Programs)
默认情况下，Apple仅允许您安装来自Mac App Store和已识别开发人员的应用程序来保护您。从某种意义上说，这很好，因为它可以让您更加安全(bit safer)，而无需您做太多事情。
如果您想安装新程序，最好的去处是Mac App Store。Windows 软件(Whereas Windows software)通常可以从Internet上的任何地方下载，而您需要在Mac上安装的大多数程序都可以在Mac App Store中获得。如果您确实需要从其他地方安装某些东西，您可以转到系统偏好设置( System Preferences)-安全和隐私(Security & Privacy)，然后选择允许从 下载的应用程序(Allow apps downloaded from)下的任何地方(Anywhere)。
因此，希望这些对于几乎一生都在使用Windows的初学者(Windows)Mac用户来说是一些很好的提示。还有很多其他差异，但如果你能克服这些主要差异，你会喜欢使用你的Mac，而不是想打败它。享受！
7 OS X Tips for Windows Users
If you recently purchased a Mac or if you have been required to υse a Mac for work, you might be frustrated trying to use OS X if you have been a long-time Windows user. This is complеtely understandable and Apple really doesn’t care to change their OЅ to matсh that of Windows anytime soon.
Apple loves OS X the way it is and it will probably remain the way it is for the remainder of its life. This means you’ll need to get used to some of the differences between Windows and Mac. In my view, OS X could still be made to be easier to use by default, but unfortunately, you have to manually make some changes to make things better.
In this article, I’m going to give you a couple of my favorite tips for Windows users who have to use a Mac and OS X. Once you get used to OS X, you may even like it more than Windows, which is what happened to me. There is a small learning curve, but it’s worth the effort. Also, be sure to check out my post on programs and features in OS X that are equivalent to Windows.
Tip #1 – How to Right Click
One of the most annoying things as a beginner Mac user is trying to figure out how to right click! There is no separate right-click button for Macs and this can be really annoying for some people. Luckily, the Apple method is actually kind of more intuitive and easier to use.
All you have to do to right-click is to use two fingers when you perform a normal click. When you click with two fingers, you get the right-click context menu. For me, this is way more convenient than having to move my finger all the way down to the correct button like on most Windows laptops.
You can change the settings for how right-click works by going to System Preferences – Trackpad and clicking on the Point & Click tab.
By default, the right-click option is called Secondary click in OS X. If checked, it is normally set to Click or tap with two fingers, but you can click on the small little arrow and choose from two other options also: Click in bottom right corner or Click in bottom left corner. If you just love the way you did it in Windows, you can tweak OS X to get the same behavior.
Also, another quick tip is to check the Tap to click option also. Most Windows laptops allow you to tap to click, but OS X does not have this enabled by default so you have to manually press down the button to click. If you go to Scroll & Zoom, you can also change the scroll direction to whichever is more natural for you.
Tip #2 – Add Applications to the Dock
The other major change that is most jarring for Windows users is the lack of a Start button. There simply isn’t any central button in OS X. You have the small Apple logo icon at the top left, which can do a few things like get you to System Preferences or let you restart/shutdown your computer.
The Dock is basically like the Windows taskbar, but only with shortcuts and nothing else. The other annoying thing is that it starts out completely full of default Apple apps. I almost never use more than one or two, so the first thing I do is get rid of them. You can do this by right-clicking on the icon in the dock, choosing Options and choosing Remove from Dock.
Once you have done that, you can add a kind of All Programs folder to your Dock that will let you see a list of all programs installed in OS X. To do this, you have to drag the Applications folder to your dock. In order to do that, you need to click on the icon of your hard drive that should be on the Desktop. If you don’t see it, click on Finder at the top left of your Mac and then click on Preferences. On the General tab, make sure to check the boxes for Hard disks, External disks and CDs, DVDs and iPods.
Click on the hard disk icon on your desktop and you should see the Applications folder listed along with other folders like Library, System, Users.
Go ahead and drag that folder down to your Dock. Now when click on the icon, you’ll get a full listing of all the programs installed on your Mac. It’s better than trying to add them all to your Dock or having to use Spotlight to find the program you want to run.
You can also use Launcher (the silver/grey rocket icon in the Dock), but I never find myself using that for some reason.
Tip #3 – Eject Drives using the Trash
This one has to be the best. For the longest time, Apple has confused people when it comes to ejecting devices from the system. In order to eject a flash drive or DVD, you either have to right-click and choose Eject or you have to drag the item into the Trash.
This would be like dragging your USB drive into the Recycle Bin in Windows, which basically means delete everything! So obviously, people don’t even like the idea of throwing anything that has important data on it into a trash can!
However, that’s how you have to do it in OS X and no, it won’t result in any lost data. You’ll notice, actually, that when you click and drag an external drive or disc in OS X, the icon for the trash can changes to an eject icon. I guess this is supposed to make us feel better somehow.
Tip #4 – Tweak Finder
Finder is basically like Windows Explorer. A much simpler version of Explorer in my view. However, I prefer the more detailed and cluttered view of Explorer than the streamlined Finder. It’s just too simple.
So to add more stuff into Finder, open a Finder window and then click on View and click on the Show Path Bar and Show Status Bar options. This will give Finder a more Explorer-like look.
While under View, click on Customize Toolbar to add a couple of useful icons to the default toolbar. Personally, I like to add the New Folder, Delete and Get Info buttons to my toolbar.
Lastly, click on Finder, then Preferences and then click on Sidebar. Here you can add other items to the Finder sidebar like Pictures, Music, etc. This is similar to the library folders in Windows.
On the General tab, you can also edit the New Finder window shows option and pick something other than All Files. I prefer to pick my home folder, which matches more to Windows explorer.
Tip #5 – Learn to Use Spotlight
If you’re used to the search box in the Start menu on Windows, you’ll be happy to know there is an equivalent search option in OS X called Spotlight. You can get to it in two ways: either by clicking on the magnifying glass at the top right of your screen or by pressing the Command + Spacebar keyboard shortcut.
Using Spotlight is the best way to find your files, change settings in OS X, find apps to install, find emails, find calendar events, etc. It also shows results from the web, so you could search for Apple and get suggested websites and even a map to the local Apple store.
Tip #6 – OS X Uses Spaces & Full Screen
Another thing you have to get used to is understanding how those three buttons at the top left of every window work. In Windows, you have three buttons: a minimize button, an expand button and a close button. In OS X, you have a red close button, a yellow minimize button and a green button that expands, but differently depending on the program.
If you click on the green button for Safari, for example, it will expand to full-screen and everything else will disappear. If you move your mouse to the top of the screen, you’ll get see the toolbar, but that’s about it. So where did all your other windows go and how do you get to them?
Well, in OS X, the app has basically gone into its own space. If you scroll up with three fingers, you’ll see something called Mission Control. Basically, it shows you a thumbnail of each desktop or program that is using its own space.
They are basically virtual desktops in OS X. Most built-in apps will use up their own space when expanded using the green button. You can either click on a space to activate it or you can use the three finger swipe to the right or left to browse through the spaces. I do like this feature a lot because it lets you work in one app fully, but still allows you to get around to other apps quickly.
On some apps, however, the app will expand to full screen, but it will not go into its own space. It’ll basically remain on the original desktop, just taking up most of the screen. Most third-party apps like Microsoft Office now support the full-screen mode that go into their own space.
You can also click on the little plus icon to add a new desktop if you like. You can have specific programs open in specific desktops if you like and you can even change the background so that each desktop has a different one. It takes a bit of practice, but once you get used to it, you’ll be using it all the time. Just remember the three finger swipes.
Tip #7 – Install Programs from the Mac App Store
By default, Apple tries to protect you by only allowing you to install apps from the Mac App store and from identified developers. In one sense, it’s good because it keeps you a bit safer without having to do much on your part.
If you want to install a new program, the best place to go is the Mac App store. Whereas Windows software is usually downloaded from everywhere on the Internet, most programs you’ll ever need to install on your Mac will be available in the Mac App store. If you really need to install something from some other place, you can go to System Preferences – Security & Privacy and select Anywhere under Allow apps downloaded from.
So hopefully those are some good tips for beginner Mac users who pretty much used Windows for their entire lives. There are a lot of other differences, but if you can get through these major ones, you’ll enjoy using your Mac rather than wanting to beat it. Enjoy!
