您了解云以及这基本上是您在其他地方的服务器上的文件。但是这些文件是如何到达那里的呢？一种方法是通过称为文件传输协议(File Transfer Protocol)或FTP的东西。
如果您在WordPress、SquareSpace 或Wix等内容管理系统 ( (Wix)CMS )上运行网站，您可能已经使用它们的内置工具上传了图像。或者……您(Or…you)可以使用FTP客户端将文件上传到您的网站。
为什么使用 FTP？
WordPress之类的内置上传工具使用超文本传输协议 ( HTTP )。这种方法适用于大多数情况。事实上，以这种方式上传文件通常是最好的方式。但如果您的Internet(Internet)连接速度较慢，或者需要上传大量文件，那么FTP可能更适合您。
使用好的FTP客户端，您可以开始上传文件并离开。如果连接在任何时候断开，您可以从中断的地方继续。您无需再次将所有文件重新排队。
让我们看一些将文件上传到您的网站的FTP工具。(FTP)
最佳 FTP 程序
我们对此的标准是该程序必须免费提供，可在Windows上运行，并支持Secure Shell FTP ( SFTP )，这是一种加密传输的协议，以便在不安全的网络上进行安全传输。所有程序都支持拖放传输以方便使用，并能够保存您的FTP连接详细信息。
FileZilla
您会在大多数FTP工具列表中找到(FTP)FileZilla，这是有充分理由的。它的一些功能包括：
- 支持FTP、FTP over TLS ( FTPS ) 和SFTP
- 在 Windows、Linux 和 Mac 上运行
- 支持多种语言
- 目录比较
- 同步目录浏览
目录(Directory)比较非常方便，可以确保您网站上的内容与您计算机上的内容相匹配。同步(Synchronized)目录浏览也让生活更轻松。如果您的本地目录和远程目录匹配，则在一个目录中导航，将在另一个目录中执行相同的操作。
(Pay)安装FileZilla时请(FileZilla)注意，它与
Avast Free Antivirus和McAfee WebAdvisor捆绑在一起。这不是一件坏事，您可能只是不想安装它。只需在单击(Just)Next之前取消选中复选框。
作为奖励，您还可以在您的计算机上设置一个 Filezilla FTP 服务器(set up a
Filezilla FTP server)，这样您就可以随时随地传输文件。
赛博鸭
名字奇怪的程序Cyberduck
是另一个适用于Windows和Mac的免费(Mac)FTP客户端。
Cyberduck的未付费版本的功能并不比付费版本少。以下是它的一些更有趣的功能：
- 也可以直接连接Windows Azure、
Microsoft OneDrive、Dropbox、Google Drive、Amazon S3等云服务。
- 可以与用于编辑文件的其他程序集成。根据文件扩展名，如果您愿意，Cyberduck将为它打开您的默认程序。
- 连接到Amazon CloudFront 和Akamai等内容(Akamai)交付网络(Delivery Networks)( CDN ) 。
- 在本地计算机和 Web 服务器之间同步文件。
Cyberduck 的文件同步可用于确保您的本地文件与远程文件匹配，反之亦然。保持它们相同使管理您的网站变得更加容易。
当您可能想要对文件进行快速更改时，与其他程序集成以进行编辑很方便。它只是节省了通过常规方式打开编辑器的几个步骤。
当您想要对文件进行完整备份时，直接连接到云存储服务会派上用场。您可以开始上传或下载然后走开，知道如果中途失败，很容易从上次中断的地方重新开始。
它是免费的，但如果您为帮助他们继续工作做出贡献，开发人员将不胜感激。您可以向Cyberduck贡献 10(Cyberduck)美元(USD)或更多，并获得一个注册密钥，该密钥将禁用您在关闭应用程序时获得的唠叨屏幕。
您也可以直接从Mac App Store或
Windows Store 购买(Windows Store)，价格约为 25美元(USD)。这些版本也没有唠叨屏幕。
WinSCP
开源和免费的FTP程序WinSCP是另一个不错的选择。不幸的是，它仅适用于Windows。如果您为帮助继续该程序的开发做出贡献， WinSCP(WinSCP)的开发人员
也将不胜感激，但没有烦人的屏幕一直问您。
与目前为止的其他FTP客户端不同， (FTP)WinSCP默认使用
SFTP协议，因此请确保您从主机获得正确的连接信息。通常，它就像连接到特定端口号一样简单，而不是
FTP(FTPs)的默认端口 21。
让我们看一下 WinSCP 的一些最佳功能：
- 脚本和任务自动化。
- 可变的用户界面。您可以在与 Windows 资源管理器非常相似的经典Commander界面之间切换。
- 便携式程序选项。您可以获得可用作便携式应用程序的版本。
- 添加(Add)到 Window 的资源管理器的发送(Send)到上下文菜单。
右键单击(Right-click)文件并直接从Windows Explorer通过(Windows Explorer)FTP上传。
- 主密码(Master Password)。如果您管理多个站点，则应该有多个密码。WinSCP的内置密码管理器将使它们保持加密。只需(Just)输入您的主密码(Master Password)，WinSCP就会自动为每个站点使用正确保存的密码。
能够编写重复过程的脚本可以真正节省时间。假设(Say)您有一个保存所有图片的文件夹，并且您希望每周将它们上传到您的网站。这可以是脚本化的和自动化的，所以它就发生了。
借助添加到 Windows 资源管理器上下文菜单的功能，您只需右键单击一个文件或一组文件，然后单击即可上传它们。这是完成工作的一种非常方便的方式。
主密码(Master Password)功能可能是最好的功能。它允许您为您的FTP站点使用各种复杂的密码，而无需全部记住或查找它们。您只需记住计算机本地的一个主密码。它根本不会影响您的网站。
哪个 FTP 程序最好？
这将取决于您的需求。如果您需要一些简单快速的学习内容，请使用FileZilla。如果您可以编写脚本并希望自动化您的FTP作业，那么WinSCP最适合您。如果您需要能够上传到各种服务，而不仅仅是FTP，那么Cyberduck是最好的。
无论您选择什么，通过这三个FTP程序，您将获得一个免费、安全的FTP程序，所有功能都比您可能使用的更多。
The Best FTP Tools to Transfer Files to Your Website Domain
Yоu know about the cloud and how that’s basically your files on a server somewhere else. But how do thoѕe files get there? One way is through something called the File Transfer Protocol or FTP.
If you’re running a website on a content management system (CMS) like WordPress, SquareSpace, or Wix, you’ve probably uploaded images using their built-in tools. Or…you could use an FTP client to upload files to your website.
Why Use FTP?
The built-in upload tools in something like WordPress use
the hyper-text transfer protocol (HTTP). This method works well for most situations.
In fact, uploading files this way is often the best way. But if you have a
low-speed Internet connection, or need to upload a lot of files, then FTP may
be better for you.
With a good FTP client, you can start the upload of your
files and walk away. If the connection is broken at any point, you can pick up
where you left off. You don’t need to re-queue all your files again.
Let’s look at some FTP tools to upload files to your
websites.
Best FTP Programs
Our criteria for this are that the program must be available
for free, works on Windows, and support Secure Shell FTP (SFTP), which is a
protocol that encrypts your transfers for safe transfer over unsecured
networks. All of the programs support drag-and-drop transfers for ease of use
and have the ability to save your FTP connection details.
FileZilla
You’ll find FileZilla on most lists of FTP tools, and there’s good reason for that. Some of its features include:
- Support for FTP, FTP over TLS (FTPS) and SFTP
- Runs on Windows, Linux, and Mac
- Support for several languages
- Directory comparison
- Synchronized directory browsing
Directory comparison is very handy to make sure what’s on
your website matches what’s on your computer. Synchronized directory browsing
makes life easier too. If your local and remote directories match, navigating
in one, will do the same in the other.
Pay attention when installing FileZilla, it is bundled with
Avast Free Antivirus and McAfee WebAdvisor. That’s not a bad thing, you just
might not want to install it. Just uncheck the checkboxes before clicking Next.
As a bonus, you could also set up a
Filezilla FTP server on your computer so you can transfer files to and from
it, wherever you go.
Cyberduck
The oddly named program Cyberduck
is another free FTP client for both Windows and Mac.
The unpaid version of Cyberduck doesn’t have any fewer
features than the paid one. Here are some of it’s more interesting features:
- Can also directly connect to Windows Azure,
Microsoft OneDrive, Dropbox, Google Drive, Amazon S3, and other cloud services.
- Can integrate with other programs used to edit
files. Depending on the file extension, Cyberduck will open your default
program for it, if you’d like.
- Connect to Content Delivery Networks (CDN) like Amazon
CloudFront and Akamai.
- Synchronize files between your local computer
and your web server.
Cyberduck’s file synchronization can be useful to ensure
that your local files match your remote files and vice-versa. Keeping them the
same makes managing your website so much easier.
The integration with other programs for editing is convenient
when you may want to make a quick change to a file. It just saves a few steps
from having to open your editor through regular means.
Directly connecting to cloud storage services comes in handy
when you want to make a complete back up of your files. You can start the
upload or download and walk away, knowing that if it fails in the middle, it’ll
be easy to start again, right where you left off.
It is free, but the developers would be grateful if you
contributed to help them keep up their work. You can contribute $10 USD or more
to Cyberduck and get a registration key that will disable the nag screen you
get on closing the app.
You can also buy it directly from the Mac App Store or the
Windows Store for about $25 USD. Those versions don’t have the nag screen
either.
WinSCP
The open source and free FTP program WinSCP is another fine
choice. Unfortunately, it’s only available on Windows. The developers of WinSCP
would also appreciate it if you contributed to help continue the program’s
development, but there’s no nag screen to keep asking you.
Unlike the other FTP clients so far, WinSCP defaults to the
SFTP protocol, so make sure you have the right connection information from your
host. Often, it’s as simple as connecting to a specific port number, other than
FTPs default port of port 21.
Let’s look at some of WinSCP’s best features:
- Scripting and task automation.
- Changeable user interfaces. You can switch
between the classic Commander interface, which closely resembles Windows
Explorer.
- Portable program option. You can get a version
that you can use as a portable app.
- Add to Window’s Explorer’s Send To context menu.
Right-click on a file and upload it through FTP directly from Windows Explorer.
- Master Password. If you’re managing several
sites, you should have several passwords. WinSCP’s built in password manager
will keep them encrypted. Just enter your Master Password and WinSCP will automatically
use the proper saved password for each site.
Being able to script repetitive processes is a real
time-saver. Say you have a folder where all your pictures get saved and you’d
like to upload them to your website weekly. That could be scripted and automated,
so it just happens.
With the ability to add to Windows Explorer’s context menu,
you can just right-click on a file or group of files and upload them with a
click. It’s a very convenient way to get things done.
The Master Password feature is probably the best feature. It
allows you to use a variety of complex passwords for your FTP sites, without
having to remember them all or look them up. You just remember one master
password that is local to your computer. It doesn’t affect your website at all.
Which FTP Program is the Best?
That will depend on your needs. If you need something simple
and quick to learn, then lean towards FileZilla. If you can write script and
would like to automate your FTP jobs, then WinSCP is best for you. If you need
to be able to upload to all kinds of services, not just FTP, then Cyberduck is
the best.
No matter what you choose, with these three FTP programs
you’ll be getting a free, secure FTP program, all with more features than
you’re likely to ever use.
