正在寻找Mac 任务管理器(Mac Task Manager)？虽然是Windows体验的主要内容，但 macOS 没有与Windows实用程序完全相同的功能。相反，macOS 有一个名为“活动监视器”的程序，总的来说，它与Windows 任务管理器(Windows Task Manager)执行相同的工作。
让我们好好看看活动(Activity)监视器是什么，它如何替代Mac上的任务管理器(Task Manager)，以及如何使用它。
什么是活动监视器？(What Is Activity Monitor?)
操作系统的主要任务之一是管理计算机上运行的所有软件程序。它分配内存和CPU功率，并确保各种应用程序不会互相干扰。
活动监视器(Activity Monitor)为您提供了进入这个令人难以置信的繁忙世界的窗口，并让您也可以做出一些决定。它本质上是Mac上的(Mac)任务管理器(Task Manager)。
Forget About CTRL+ALT+DEL: How To Access The Task Manager
每个人，即使是不太了解计算机的人，都听说过“Control, Alt , Delete”。它是用于运行Windows的 PC 的通用键盘组合，可以调出任务管理器。它可以让您杀死崩溃或冻结的程序等。
macOS 没有这样的组合键来调用Activity Monitor。再说一次，这种系统冻结应用程序的不当行为在 macOS 上是闻所未闻的，所以这几乎不是问题。要访问Activity Monitor，您只需使用Spotlight Search (CMD+Space) 进行搜索。
或者，您可以前往Finder，然后前往 Applications > Utilities。
了解标签(Understanding The Tabs)
活动监视器(Activity Monitor)包含大量信息，大多数Mac用户老实说永远不必关注这些信息。在启动Activity Monitor之前，让我们快速浏览一下它的每个主要选项卡。
CPU 选项卡(The CPU Tab)
无论您拥有哪种Mac 型号(Mac model )，它的CPU都可以同时执行许多不同的操作。此选项卡显示了所有引起其注意的不同进程。每个活动程序将显示当前正在使用的CPU时间百分比。(CPU)这些波动是正常的，macOS 会为活跃且现在需要它的进程 提供更多CPU时间。(CPU)
因此，例如，当您在Final Cut Pro中导出视频项目时，预计它会使用接近 100% 的CPU。
内存选项卡(The Memory Tab)
RAM 或随机存取存储器是您的(Random Access Memory)CPU需要为其提供指令的高速信息存储硬件。如果内存不足，您的Mac将被迫开始使用更慢的磁盘空间。
内存选项卡向您显示正在使用的RAM量以及哪些程序使用最多。不幸的是，我们不能对这些信息做太多事情。为什么？因为即使活动程序不使用RAM，现代操作系统也会智能地将信息预加载到RAM中，以提高性能。
一个更值得关注的项目是内存压力(Memory Pressure)图。这个方便的活动监视器(Activity Monitor)功能向您显示系统内存的压力有多大。如果它变成红色，则表示您的Mac正在使用您的启动磁盘来增加RAM，这对性能不利。这意味着您需要关闭一些程序，或者，如果这不是一个选项，请考虑升级您的RAM。
能量标签(The Energy Tab)
对于连接到墙上插座的Mac(Macs)来说，这可能并不重要，但是一旦电池焦虑开始， MacBook用户一定要注意。在确定哪些应用程序正在消耗所有电量时，能量选项卡非常有用从你的电池。
在此选项卡下的所有列中，平均。能源影响(Avg. Energy Impact)应该是您获取有关能源消耗信息的首选。这会显示自您启动后或过去八小时内每个应用程序使用了多少电量，以较长者为准。
磁盘和网络选项卡(The Disk And Network Tabs)
对于大多数人来说，最后两个选项卡可能比前三个选项卡更不感兴趣。磁盘(Disk)选项卡显示每个程序写入或读取驱动器的量。对于普通用户而言，此信息最有用的应用是检查程序是否行为异常并无缘无故占用您的驱动器。
大多数Mac(Mac)用户对“网络(Network)”选项卡的兴趣也有限，但(but)如果您使用的是有限的数据计划，那么这是查看哪些软件耗尽了您的数据上限的好方法。
放弃你不想要的列(Ditching Columns You Don’t Want)
这看起来像是信息过载吗？好消息是，您可以在Activity Monitor中修剪一些您并不特别需要的内容。
只需click on View>Columns 菜单栏上的查看>列，然后取消选择您不想要的列。如果您想添加更多类型的活动监控，您还会看到其他可供选择的列。
整理噪音(Sorting Through The Noise)
如您所见，每个选项卡都有几列，每个进程都排成一行。您可以单击任何列的名称以按进程的特定信息类型对进程进行排序。
例如，单击% CPUCPU百分比以升序或降序排列进程。
如何使用活动监视器终止任务（强制退出）(How To Kill A Task (Force Quit) Using Activity Monitor)
假设您系统上的某个进程或应用程序没有按照应有的方式工作。这通常意味着程序没有响应，而不是整个系统。你怎么杀死它？其实很简单！
只需(Simply)单击一次即可选择有问题的进程，这将突出显示它。然后单击活动监视器(Activity Monitor)左上角的“X”按钮。
系统会询问您一次是否确定要退出该过程。如果您确定，有两种方法可以做到这一点。标记为退出(quit)的按钮要求程序很好地完成其业务并关闭。当您由于某种原因找不到它的窗口或图标时，这很方便。
标记为强制退出(force quit)的按钮会毫不客气地关闭程序，这意味着可能会丢失数据。如果程序完全冻结，这并不重要。
Now, You Are The Master!
虽然大多数人根本不需要使用活动监视器(Activity Monitor)，但很高兴知道这个实用程序制作精良，易于使用，并且可以有效地让您看到幕后发生的事情并阻止他们跟踪中的问题。下次有人问您Mac上的任务管理器在哪里时，只需将他们指向活动监视器(Activity Monitor)！
Task Manager On Mac: The Activity Monitor & How To Use It
Looking fоr the Mac Task Manager? Whіlе a staple of the Windows еxperience, macOS doеsn’t have an exact equivаlent of the Wіndows utility. Instead, macOS has a program called “Activity Monitor” which, by and large, does the same job as the Windows Task Manager.
Let’s have a good look at what the Activity monitor is, how it’s the alternative to Task Manager on Mac, and how to use it.
What Is Activity Monitor?
One of the main tasks of an operating system is to manage all the software programs that are running on your computer. It allocates memory and CPU power and makes sure the various applications don’t step on each other’s toes.
The Activity Monitor gives you a window into this incredibly busy world and lets you make some of the decisions too. It’s essentially the Task Manager on Mac.
Forget About CTRL+ALT+DEL: How To Access The Task Manager
Everyone, even people who don’t know much about computers, have heard of “Control, Alt, Delete”. It’s the universal keyboard combination for PCs running Windows that brings up the task manager. It lets you kill crashed or frozen programs, among other things.
macOS has no such key combination to summon the Activity Monitor. Then again, this sort of system-freezing app misbehavior is unheard of on macOS, so it’s hardly an issue. To access Activity Monitor, all you have to do is search for it using Spotlight Search (CMD+Space).
Alternatively, you can get there by going to Finder and then Applications > Utilities.
Understanding The Tabs
The Activity Monitor is packed with quite a lot of information, information that most Mac users honestly never have to pay any attention to. Before you fire up Activity Monitor, let’s give each of its main tabs a quick overview.
The CPU Tab
Regardless of which Mac model you have, its CPU can do a lot of different things at once. This tab shows all the different processes that are taking up its attention. Each active program will show a percentage of CPU time that’s currently being used. It’s normal for these to fluctuate and macOS will give more CPU time to processes that are active and need it now.
So, for example, when you’re exporting a video project in Final Cut Pro, expect it to use close to 100% of your CPU.
The Memory Tab
RAM or Random Access Memory is the high-speed information storage hardware your CPU needs to keep it fed with instructions. If you run out of memory, your Mac is forced to start using much slower disk space instead.
The memory tab shows you how much of your RAM is in use and which programs are using the most of it. Unfortunately, we can’t do too much with that information. Why? Because even when active programs aren’t using RAM, modern operating systems intelligently pre-load information to RAM as a way to improve performance.
A much better item to keep an eye on is the Memory Pressure graph. This handy-dandy Activity Monitor feature shows you how much pressure your system memory is under. If it turns red, it means your Mac is using your startup disk to augment RAM, which is bad for performance. That means you need to close some programs or, if that’s not an option, consider upgrading your RAM.
The Energy Tab
It may not matter all that much for Macs connected to the wall outlet, but MacBook users are sure to pay attention once battery anxiety sets in. The energy tab can be very useful when it comes to figuring out which applications are sucking up all the power from your battery.
Of all the columns housed under this tab, the Avg. Energy Impact should be your go-to for information about energy consumption. This shows you how much power each app has been using since you booted up or for the last eight hours, whichever is longer.
The Disk And Network Tabs
The last two tabs are probably much less interesting to most people than the first three. The Disk tabs show you how much each program has written to or read from your drive. For the average user, the most useful application of this information is to check whether a program is misbehaving and tying up your drive for no reason.
The Network tab is also of limited interest to most Mac users, but if you are using a limited data plan, then it’s a good way to see which software has been depleting your data cap.
Ditching Columns You Don’t Want
Does that seem like information overload? Well, the good news is that you can trim some of the content in Activity Monitor you don’t particularly need.
Simply click on View>Columns on the menu bar and deselect the columns you don’t want. You’ll also see other columns to choose from if you want to add even more types of activity monitoring.
Sorting Through The Noise
As you’ve seen, each tab has several columns, with every process sitting in a row. You can click on the name of any column to sort processes by their particular information type.
For example, clicking on % CPU will arrange processes in either ascending or descending order according to what percentage of the CPU they are using.
How To Kill A Task (Force Quit) Using Activity Monitor
Let’s say one of the processes or applications on your system isn’t working the way it’s supposed to. This usually means that the program is not responsive, rather than the whole system. How do you kill it? It’s pretty easy actually!
Simply select the process in question by clicking it once, which will highlight it. Then click on the “X” button at the top left of the Activity Monitor.
You’ll be asked once whether you’re sure you want to quit the process. There are two ways to do that if you are sure. The button labeled quit asks the program nicely to finish up its business and close. This is handy when you can’t find its window or icon for some reason.
The button labeled force quit unceremoniously shuts the program down, which means there’s a possibility of data loss. Not that this matters if the program has frozen completely.
Now, You Are The Master!
While most people will never need to use the Activity Monitor at all, it’s good to know that this utility is well-made, easy to use, and effective at letting you see what’s happening under the hood and stop problems in their tracks. The next time anyone asks you where the task manager is on Mac, just point them to the Activity Monitor!
