我们都意外删除了文件。但我们并不是都有办法恢复这些文件。当然，有不同的应用程序可以帮助您恢复已删除的文件，但为什么Windows没有内置呢？这些应用程序已经存在了几十年。微软(Microsoft)，当然你很久以前就可以做到这一点！
好吧，微软(Microsoft)终于做到了。有点(Sort)。新的Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)应用程序不同于一般的点击式应用程序。不，它是一个命令行界面(Command Line Interface)( CLI ) 实用程序。因此，您需要熟悉在命令(Command)窗口中工作。
我在哪里可以获得 Windows 文件恢复？(Where Can I Get Windows File Recovery?)
Windows文件恢复(File Recovery)现在可在您的 Windows 10 计算机上 的Microsoft Store应用程序中使用。(Microsoft Store )
您也可以从在线Microsoft Store下载 Windows 文件恢复(download Windows File Recovery)。
问题是，你真的想要吗？
Windows 文件恢复至少需要 Windows 10 2004才能工作。(requires Windows 10 2004 )该版本于 2020 年5 月 27 日(May 27th)发布。因此您可能需要更新 Windows(update Windows)。您可以在此处获得升级：
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10
我可以用 Windows 文件恢复做什么？(What Can I Do With Windows File Recovery?)
如果您正在阅读 Microsoft 自己的新闻，听起来您几乎可以使用Windows File Recovery做任何事情。他们说你可以恢复普通删除的文件，恢复擦除的硬盘(resurrect wiped hard drives)，修复损坏的数据(fix corrupted data)。听起来不错。他们继续说它可以从SSD（TRIM会限制）、相机、SD 卡(SD Cards)和USB 驱动器(USB drives)中恢复文件。这很让人佩服。
Microsoft告诉我们Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)也适用于各种文件系统。它支持NTFS、FAT、exFAT和ReFS文件系统。
如何使用 Windows 文件恢复？(How Do I Use Windows File Recovery?)
以管理员身份打开命令(Command )窗口。
请注意，您无法将文件从一个磁盘分区(disk partition)恢复到同一分区。例如，您无法将文件从 C: 驱动器恢复到 C: 驱动器。从 C: 驱动器恢复到 F: 驱动器（如果有的话）将起作用。
以下是Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)命令的基本语法：
要将已删除的文件从桌面恢复到 F: 驱动器，您的命令如下所示：
winfr C: F: /n Users\User\Desktop\其中 <username> 是您的实际用户名。
这是在默认(Default)模式下工作的基本命令。有三种不同的模式。
Windows文件恢复的模式有哪些？(What Are The Modes of Windows File Recovery?)
Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)命令的三个模块包括：
默认(Default )– 使用主文件表(Master File Table)( MFT ) 查找文件的基本搜索。在大多数情况下，默认值(Default)是最好的，在文件被删除后不久。
段(Segment )– 在NTFS驱动器中，文件信息存储在类似于文件信息摘要的段中。 分段(Segment)模式最适用于不久前删除的文件，或者磁盘已格式化或损坏的情况。
签名(Signature )- 如果您的文件系统是FAT、ex FAT或ReFS ，则使用该签名。如果分段(Segment)模式不起作用，您可以在NTFS上尝试此模式。
什么是 Windows 文件恢复开关？(What Are The Windows File Recovery Switches?)
可用于Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)命令的可用开关包括：
/r - 段模式。
/n <filter> – 仅适用于默认(Default)或分段(Segment)模式。星号 (*) 可用作通配符。
/x - 签名模式。
/y:<type(s)> –在签名(Signature)模式下恢复(Recover)特定的扩展组。可以一次使用多个分机组，以逗号分隔。
/# – 显示签名(Signature)模式扩展组和文件类型。
/?– 显示帮助文本。
/!– 显示高级功能。
阅读Microsoft 的 Windows 文件恢复支持页面(Microsoft’s Windows File Recovery support page)了解所有详细信息。
Windows文件恢复值得使用吗？(Is Windows File Recovery Worth Using?)
由您决定Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)是否最适合您的情况。然而，在我们的测试中，我们创建了 3 个用lorem ipsum 文本(lorem ipsum text)填充的纯文本文件并将它们删除。然后它们也被从回收站(Recycle Bin)中删除。最后，然后我们使用如上所示的恢复命令来尝试恢复文件。
Windows文件恢复(File Recovery)无法可靠地恢复所有 3 个简单的文本文件。
5 次尝试后，它只恢复了所有 3 个文件两次。以下(Below)是仅恢复一个文件的示例。
我们的测试是在全新安装的Windows 10 2004 上完成的，没有安装其他程序，也没有其他用户文件。它基本上是一台新的Windows计算机。
如果您无权访问其他文件恢复程序(file recovery program)，并且计算机上已经安装了Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)，则可能值得先使用它。如果您常用的文件恢复应用程序无法恢复文件，那么Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)可能值得尝试作为备份解决方案。
那么为什么 Windows 文件恢复是大新闻？(Then Why Is Windows File Recovery Big News?)
Windows 文件恢复(Windows File Recovery)成为大新闻的真正原因只有 2 个。部分原因是令人震惊的是，微软(Microsoft)甚至在几十年后才费心去创造它。这也部分是因为它种下了一颗小小的希望种子，即微软(Microsoft)将继续开发该实用程序，并可能创建一个成熟的、无与伦比的文件恢复工具。时间(Time)会证明一切。
Does Microsoft’s Windows File Recovery Work? We Tested It.
We all accidentally delete files. But we don’t all have a way to recover those files. Sure, there are different appѕ out there tо help you recоνer deleted files, but why wasn’t that built into Windows? Those apps have been around for decades. Microsoft, surelу you could have done this a long time ago!
Well, Microsoft finally did it. Sort of. The new Windows File Recovery app isn’t like the average point-and-click app. No, it’s a Command Line Interface (CLI) utility. So you need to get comfortable working in the Command window.
Where Can I Get Windows File Recovery?
Windows File Recovery is available right now in the Microsoft Store app on your Windows 10 computer.
You can go to download Windows File Recovery from the online Microsoft Store, too.
The question is, do you really want to?
Windows File Recovery requires Windows 10 2004 to work, at the very least. That version was released on May 27th, 2020. So you might need to update Windows. You can get the upgrade here:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10
What Can I Do With Windows File Recovery?
If you’re reading Microsoft’s own press, it sounds like you can do just about anything with Windows File Recovery. They say that you can recover ordinary deleted files, resurrect wiped hard drives, and fix corrupted data. Sounds good. They go on to say that it can recover files from SSD (TRIM will limit that), cameras, SD Cards, and USB drives. That’s impressive.
Microsoft tells us Windows File Recovery also works on a broad variety of file systems. It supports NTFS, FAT, exFAT, and ReFS file systems.
How Do I Use Windows File Recovery?
Open the Command window as Administrator.
Note that you cannot recover a file from one disk partition to the same partition. For example, you can’t recover a file from your C: drive to your C: drive. Recovering from your C: drive to your F: drive, if you have one, will work.
The following is the basic syntax of a Windows File Recovery command:
To recover deleted files from your desktop to your F: drive, your command would look like this:
winfr C: F: /n Users\User\Desktop\ where <username> is your actual user name.
That’s a basic command working in Default mode. There are three different modes.
What Are The Modes of Windows File Recovery?
The three mods for the Windows File Recovery command include:
Default – The basic search that uses the Master File Table (MFT) to find the files. Default is best for most situations, soon after the file was deleted.
Segment – In an NTFS drive file information is stored in segments that are like a summary of the file’s information. Segment mode is best for files that were deleted a while ago, or if the disk was formatted or corrupted.
Signature – Used if your filesystem is FAT, exFAT, or ReFS. You can try this mode on NTFS if Segment mode doesn’t work.
What Are The Windows File Recovery Switches?
Available switches you can use with the Windows File Recovery command include:
/r – Segment mode.
/n <filter> – Only works in Default or Segment mode. An asterisk (*) can be used as a wildcard.
/x – Signature mode.
/y:<type(s)> – Recover specific extension groups in Signature mode. Can use several extension groups at once, separated by a comma.
/# – Shows Signature mode extension groups and file types.
/? – Shows Help text.
/! – Displays the advanced features.
Read Microsoft’s Windows File Recovery support page for all the details.
Is Windows File Recovery Worth Using?
It’s up to you to decide whether Windows File Recovery is best for your situation. However, in our testing, we created 3 plain text files filled with lorem ipsum text and deleted them. Then they were removed from the Recycle Bin as well. Finally,Then we used the recovery command as seen above to try to recover the files.
Windows File Recovery wasn’t able to recover all 3 simple text files reliably.
After 5 tries, it only recovered all 3 files twice. Below is an example of when it only recovered one file.
Our test was done on a fresh install of Windows 10 2004, with no additional programs installed and no other user files. It was basically a new Windows computer.
If you don’t have access to another file recovery program and the computer has Windows File Recovery already on it, it might be worth using first. If your usual file recovery app cannot recover the files, then Windows File Recovery may be worth trying as a backup solution.
Then Why Is Windows File Recovery Big News?
There’s only 2 real reasons why Windows File Recovery was big news. It’s partly because it’s shocking that Microsoft even bothered to create this after a couple of decades. It’s also partly because it plants a tiny seed of hope that Microsoft will continue to develop the utility and maybe create a full-blown, unbeatable file recovery tool. Time will tell.
