当您购买电脑或手机(computer or phone)时，通常会预装软件。
其中一些很有用，而另一些则非常烦人，因为它们会导致您的设备运行缓慢、死机或崩溃(cause your device to run slowly, freeze, or crash)。它们还可能耗尽处理器和电池(processor and battery)，同时占用一些宝贵的存储空间(storage space)。
安装在设备操作系统上的(software programs installed on your device’s operating system)这些通常从未使用过的附加软件程序通常包括多媒体、安全、互联网、实用程序和生产力工具。
此类软件的常用技术术语是英国媒体报道软件。
什么是英国媒体报道？(What Is Bloatware?)
Bloatware ，也称为 junkware、crapware 和 shovelware，是一个技术术语，指的是在您的(Bloatware)计算机或手机(computer or phone)上消耗超过其公平份额的系统资源和磁盘空间，从而影响其性能和存储空间(performance and storage space)的软件。
这些笨重的应用程序通常分为三组：由设备制造商(device manufacturer)、您的网络提供商(network provider)安装的软件套件，或第三方付费预安装在您设备上的应用程序和内容。(apps and content)
有时你不知道他们在那里，甚至在他们引起你的注意之前甚至没有注意到他们。
如果您发现您的设备出现故障，无论是速度变慢还是电池电量耗尽，恢复它的最佳方法之一是删除或禁用英国媒体报道软件。
但是，在某些情况下这样做可能很危险，因为英国媒体报道软件可能会造成安全漏洞，黑客可以利用这些漏洞来接管您的设备或将(device or lock)您完全拒之门外。
更糟糕的是，某些类型的英国媒体报道软件永久驻留在您的设备上，并且拒绝(device and refuse)被禁用或删除。
如何识别计算机上的膨胀软件(How To Identify Bloatware On Your Computer)
Bloatware有多种形式，但最常见的是试用软件，它免费包含在您的设备中，但在您购买许可证之前的特定试用期(trial period)（30 天到 6 个月）内有效。广告软件(Adware)是另一种英国媒体报道软件，它很危险，因为它通过弹出窗口或显示在您设备屏幕上的网站为您提供广告。
其他英国媒体报道类型包括系统实用程序(system utilities)和一些有用的应用程序。PC 制造商通常会在计算机上包含自己的软件，除了预先安装完整版的专用第三方工具。
例如，在联想计算机(Lenovo computer)中，您会找到联想解决方案中心(Lenovo Solution Center)，它基本上是一个维护应用程序(maintenance application)，可确保您的软件得到更新并检查您的硬件是否存在任何问题。
在某些情况下，可以卸载此类软件，但在其他情况下则不能。此外，它们往往会复制已安装在您设备上的软件的功能。
为您的设备配备英国媒体报道软件的主要目的是增加收入并为消费者提供他们可能想要使用的额外软件。
Bloatware 对您的设备的威胁是什么？(What Is the Bloatware Threat To Your Devices?)
Bloatware是一种不需要的软件，设计和开发都很糟糕，并且往往会占用您设备的内存，因为它构建在结构不良的代码之上。
您可能会发现您的设备启动时间过长(device taking too long to boot up)，无论是新设备还是旧设备，或者当您单击或点击某物时它的反应时间较慢。在大多数情况下，您可能会认为您的设备有问题并尝试更换它，但这可能是导致其性能下降的英国媒体报道软件。
当您设备上的过时软件使您面临多种网络安全风险时，问题就出现了。其中一些不需要的应用程序连接(apps connect)到互联网，并可能通过引入其他已知会利用您的个人信息、计算能力和其他数据的应用程序将您的设备暴露给恶意软件。
(Lenovo came under heavy criticism)联想在 2016 年因在其产品上预装软件而受到严厉批评。通过下载据称可以提高计算机性能的系统工具和更新，该软件创建了安全漏洞，而不是允许下载的木马(Trojan)病毒潜入操作系统。
经过数月的消费者投诉、文章和网络安全分析师(cybersecurity analyst)对该问题的报告，该公司终于停止了这种做法。
设备(Device)制造商并不是唯一安装英国媒体报道软件的制造商。由于在网络浏览器中使用了 cookie，用户也可以通过他们的网络行为来做到这一点。
Cookies 是用于跟踪网络用户的小型跟踪软件。一些 cookie 将信息发送回网站所有者，但其他可能是恶意软件，通过命令和控制服务器将您的个人和敏感数据传输给黑客。
删除过时软件可以成倍地提高设备的性能，并节省更换设备的成本。
如何删除设备上的臃肿软件(How To Remove Bloatware On Your Device)
您可以从您的设备中删除英国媒体报道软件，但并非所有这些软件都可以完全卸载、删除或删除。
第一步也是最简单的步骤是检查您的设备并手动删除您不使用(t use)、从未使用和不想要的任何软件。请注意不要在使用重要程序时删除它。
如果是Windows PC，您可以使用“刷新 Windows”工具(Refresh Windows tool)删除未预装Windows的应用程序，例如您的(Windows)PC 制造商(PC manufacturer)放置的应用程序。
您还可以使用检测并帮助您删除此类软件的第三方程序删除过时软件。这些包括PC Decrapifier还是我应该删除它？( Should I Remove It?)使用这些实用程序的主要缺点是它们可能会识别一些膨胀软件，但不能自动删除它们，这意味着您必须完成通常的卸载过程(uninstallation process)。 否则(Otherwise)，请购买无膨胀软件的计算机，例如Microsoft Windows 签名版 PC( Microsoft Windows Signature Edition PCs)。
对于智能手机和平板电脑，您可能无法卸载制造商制造的应用程序，但您可以通过手机的设置禁用它们。
真正卸载bloatware 系统应用程序(bloatware system apps)的唯一方法是让您的计算机制造商(computer manufacturer)为您删除它们，或者根您的智能手机，这再次危及其安全性。
OTT Explains: What Is Bloatware & How To Identify It On Your Computer
When you buy a computer or phone, it usually cоmes with preinstalled software.
Some of them are useful, while others are just downright annoying as they can cause your device to run slowly, freeze, or crash. They can also drain the processor and battery, while hogging some of your precious storage space.
These often never-used additional software programs installed on your device’s operating system commonly include multimedia, security, internet, utilities, and productivity tools.
The common technical term for this type of software is bloatware.
What Is Bloatware?
Bloatware, which is also known as junkware, crapware, and shovelware, is the technical term given to software that consumes more than its fair share of system resources and disk space on your computer or phone, such that it affects its performance and storage space.
These unwieldy apps usually come in three different sets: software suites installed by the device manufacturer, your network provider, or apps and content that third parties have paid to pre-install on your device.
Sometimes you don’t know they’re there or even notice them until they’re brought to your attention.
If you find your device acting up, whether it’s slowing down or its battery is draining fast, one of the best ways of restoring it is to delete or disable bloatware.
However, it can be dangerous to do so in some cases because bloatware can create security loopholes that hackers can leverage to take over your device or lock you out of it altogether.
Worse still, some types of bloatware permanently reside on your device and refuse to be disabled or deleted.
How To Identify Bloatware On Your Computer
Bloatware comes in many forms, but the most common are trialware, which is included on your device for free but works for a specific trial period (30 days to 6 months) until you purchase a license. Adware is another type of bloatware, which is dangerous as it exists to serve you with ads via popups or websites that show on your device’s screen.
Other bloatware types include system utilities and some useful apps. PC manufacturers usually include their own software on computers besides pre installing full versions of specialized third-party tools.
For example, in a Lenovo computer, you’ll find the Lenovo Solution Center, which is basically a maintenance application that ensures your software is updated and checks your hardware for any issues.
In some cases, such software can be uninstalled, but in others you can’t. Plus, they tend to duplicate the functionality of software that’s already installed on your device.
The main aim for saddling your device with bloatware is to increase revenues and give consumers extra software they may want to use.
What Is the Bloatware Threat To Your Devices?
Bloatware is unwanted software that’s poorly designed and developed, and that tends to hog your device’s memory because it’s built atop ill-structured code.
You may find your device taking too long to boot up, whether it’s new or used, or it has slower reaction times whenever you click or tap on something. In most cases, you may assume that something is wrong with your device and try to get a replacement for it, but it could be the bloatware that’s degrading its performance.
The problem comes in when the bloatware on your device exposes you to several cybersecurity risks. Some of these unwanted apps connect to the internet and could expose your device to malware by introducing other applications that are known to exploit your personal information, computing power, and other data.
Lenovo came under heavy criticism in 2016 for pre-installing software on its products. By downloading system tools and updates that supposedly improve computers’ performance, the software created security vulnerabilities instead that allowed downloaded Trojan viruses to creep into the operating systems.
After months of consumer complaints, articles and cybersecurity analyst reports about the issue, the company finally stopped the practice.
Device manufacturers aren’t the only ones that install bloatware. Users do it too through their web behavior thanks to the use of cookies in web browsers.
Cookies are small tracking software used to trace users on the web. Some cookies send information back to the websites’ owners, but others could be malware that transmit your personal and sensitive data to hackers via command-and-control servers.
Removing the bloatware can exponentially increase your device’s performance, and save you on costs of getting a replacement.
How To Remove Bloatware On Your Device
You can get rid of bloatware from your device, but not all of them can be uninstalled, deleted or removed altogether.
The first and simplest step to take is to go through your device and manually delete any software that you don’t use, have never used, and don’t want. Just be careful that you don’t remove an important program while you’re at it.
If it’s a Windows PC, you can use the Refresh Windows tool to remove apps that aren’t preinstalled with Windows, like those put there by your PC manufacturer.
You can also remove bloatware using third-party programs that detect and help you remove such software. These include PC Decrapifier or Should I Remove It? The main drawback with using these utilities is that they may identify some bloatware, but not automate their removal, which means you have to go through the usual uninstallation process. Otherwise buy a bloatware-free computer like the Microsoft Windows Signature Edition PCs.
For smartphones and tablets, you may not be able to uninstall manufacturer-made apps, but you can disable them via your phone’s settings.
The only way of truly uninstalling bloatware system apps is for your computer manufacturer to remove them for you, or root your smartphone, which again compromises its security.
