Apple提供了不同的工具和技术来擦除Mac电脑。如何重置Mac笔记本电脑或台式机将取决于其软件版本和芯片组架构。本教程介绍了擦除Mac^(Mac)电脑 上所有内容和设置的不同方法。

在抹掉您的Mac之前，我们建议将其内容备份到外部存储设备——最好是通过Time Machine。有关分步说明，请参阅有关创建 Time Machine 备份的教程。^{(tutorial on creating a Time Machine backup)}

使用 macOS Monterey 擦除助手

macOS Monterey附带一个“擦除助手”实用程序，只需单击几下鼠标即可将您的 Mac 重置为出厂设置。^{(resets your Mac to factory settings)}最好的部分是该实用程序仅删除您的个人数据、设置、应用程序、帐户等。删除后您的 Mac 操作系统保持不变。

擦除助手^{(Erase Assistant)}仅在使用Apple芯片或Apple T2 安全芯片的^{(Apple T2 Security Chip)}Mac电脑上的 macOS Monterey中可用。将您的Mac连接到 Wi-Fi 或以太网^(Ethernet)并按照以下步骤操作：

1. 选择菜单栏上的齿轮图标以打开System Preferences。

或者，选择屏幕左上角的Apple标志，然后在^(Apple)Apple菜单 上选择系统^(System)偏好设置。

1. ^{(Select System)} 选择菜单栏上的System Preferences并选择^{(Preferences)}Erase All Content and Settings。

1. 在对话框中输入您的 Mac 密码，然后选择确定以打开擦除助手^{(Erase Assistant)}。

1. 您将找到擦除助手^{(Erase Assistant)}将在您的Mac上删除的设置、数据和文件的列表。当您点击继续^(Continue)按钮时，macOS 将关闭所有活动的前台和后台应用程序。该操作还会断开所有蓝牙^(Bluetooth)设备与Mac的连接并取消配对。

下一步是断开您的Apple ID帐户与Mac的连接。这样^(Doing)做会同时禁用Find My和Activation Lock。

1. 输入^(Enter)您的Apple ID密码并选择继续^(Continue)退出您的Apple ID。

1. 选择擦除所有内容^{(Erase All Content)}和设置^(Settings)以开始擦除您的数据。

^{(Erase Mac Content)}使用磁盘工具^{(Settings Using Disk Utility)}擦除 Mac 内容和设置

基于 Intel 的Mac电脑不支持擦除助手^{(Erase Assistant)}实用程序。如果您的Mac缺少该工具，请使用“磁盘工具^{(Disk Utility)}”执行恢复出厂设置。与Erase Assistant不同，磁盘工具^{(Disk Utility)}会删除Mac磁盘上的所有内容，包括操作系统。因此，在数据擦除后 设置Mac时，您必须从头开始重新安装 macOS 。

在使用“磁盘工具”擦除^{(Disk Utility)}Mac之前创建Time Machine备份也很重要。要使用磁盘工具^{(Disk Utility)}执行恢复出厂设置，您必须关闭Mac并启动进入恢复模式^{(Recovery Mode)}。

从Mac^(Mac)上拔下所有不必要的配件，然后按照以下步骤操作：

1. 按住 Mac 的电源按钮（至少 15 秒），直到其屏幕变为空白。再等待^(Wait)10 秒钟，让 macOS 完全关闭。
2. ^(Press)如果您有 Intel 驱动的Mac ，请^(Mac)按住电源按钮并按住Command + R键。继续按住这些键，直到恢复助手^{(Recovery Assistant)}窗口出现在屏幕上。

在使用Apple M1 芯片^{(Apple M1 Chip)}或Apple Silicon的^{(Apple Silicon)}Mac电脑上，按住电源按钮直到屏幕上出现“启动选项^(Options)”页面。选择^(Select)选项^(Options)，然后选择继续将您的^(Continue)Mac引导至恢复模式^{(Recovery Mode)}。

1. 选择您 Mac 的管理员帐户，输入其密码，然后选择下一步^(Next)。

不记得您的管理员帐户密码？请参阅我们关于在没有密码的情况下格式化 Mac 计算机^{(formatting Mac computers without a password)}的教程。

1. 选择磁盘工具^{(Disk Utility)}并选择继续^(Continue)按钮继续。

1. 在侧边栏选择安装 macOS 的内部磁盘卷 - Macintosh HD - 数据，^{(HD – Data—on)}然后选择工具栏上的擦除^(Erase)。

如果您在边栏上没有找到“ Macintosh HD – 数据^{(Macintosh HD – Data)}”，请展开“查看”^(View)下拉菜单并选择“显示所有^{(Show All)} 设备^(Devices)” 。

1. 使用系统推荐的“名称”和“格式”并选择擦除^(Erase)卷组^(Group)以删除磁盘上存储的所有数据。

如果“擦除^(Erase)卷组”选项不适用于您的设备，请 选择擦除。^(Erase)

1. 系统会提示您输入Apple ID密码。这将断开您的帐户与Mac的连接，关闭 Find My^{(turn off Find My)}并禁用激活锁。
2. 在配备Apple Silicon芯片的^{(Apple Silicon)}Mac^(Macs)上，在弹出窗口中选择擦除 Mac^{(Erase Mac)}并重新启动以开始擦除硬盘驱动器。^(Restart)
3. 当您的Mac重新启动时，退出磁盘工具^{(Disk Utility)}，选择重新安装^(Reinstall)macOS [Monterey]，选择继续^(Continue)，然后按照屏幕上的说明进行操作。

默认情况下，从恢复中重新安装 macOS 时，您的计算机将下载最近安装的 macOS 版本。要安装Mac^(Mac)随附的 macOS 版本，请在启动过程中 按住Shift + Option + Command + R

通过Wi-Fi或以太网^(Ethernet)（我们推荐后者）将您的计算机连接到互联网。在下载和重新安装 macOS 时，为您的Mac^(Mac)充电并保持盖子打开。在安装过程中，您的Mac可能会多次重新启动并显示空白屏幕。安装完成后，屏幕上将出现一个设置助手窗口。

按照设置助手的说明设置您的新Mac。如果您想出售、以旧换新或赠送Mac ，请关闭设置助手（按Command + Q ） 。

^{(Erase All Content)}使用“查找”^{(Settings Using Find My)}删除所有内容和设置

擦除助手工具仍然是擦除^{(Erase Assistant Tool)}Mac电脑的最快、最安全和最佳的方法。但是，如果您无法再访问您的Mac，“查找”^{(Find My)}会提供远程擦除数据的选项。只有在被盗或丢失时，才能 使用此跟踪应用程序/服务擦除Mac的内容和设置。^(Mac)

1. 打开iCloud 查找我的网络门户^{(iCloud Find My web portal)}并登录到与您的Mac关联的^(Mac)Apple ID帐户。
2. 展开所有^(All) 设备^(Devices)菜单并在列表中选择您的MacBook。

1. 选择擦除 Mac bin 图标。

1. 您将收到一条警告，指出该操作将删除您 Mac 的内容和设置。选择擦除^(Erase)以继续。

您还可以从iPhone 或 iPad 上的“查找”移动应用中抹掉^{(Find My)}Mac 。如果您的手机和Mac^(Mac)使用相同的Apple ID，请按照以下步骤操作。

打开Find My，前往Devices选项卡，选择您的Mac，然后点击Erase This Device。选择继续并输入一条消息，如果有人找到您的^{(Select Continue)}Mac，该消息应出现在屏幕上。如果您愿意，可以将消息框留空。轻点“抹掉^{(Tap Erase)}”以远程 擦除Mac的内容和设置。^(Mac)

恢复已删除的内容^(Content)和设置

如果您有Time Machine Backup，则可以在找到或恢复您的Mac时^(Mac)恢复已删除的数据^{(restore the deleted data)}。如果您在使用这些工具抹掉Mac上的所有内容和设置时遇到困难，请^(Mac)联系 Apple 支持。^{(Contact Apple Support)}

How to Erase All Content and Settings on Mac

Apple provides differеnt toоls and techniqueѕ for erasing Mac computers. How yoυ reset your Mac notebook or desktop will depend on itѕ software verѕion and chipset architecture. This tutoriаl covеrs different waуs to erase all content and settings on Mac сomputers.

Before erasing your Mac, we recommend backing up its content to an external storage device—preferably via Time Machine. Refer to our tutorial on creating a Time Machine backup for step-by-step instructions.

Use macOS Monterey Erase Assistant

macOS Monterey ships with an “Erase Assistant” utility that resets your Mac to factory settings in a few mouse clicks. The best part is that the utility only deletes your personal data, settings, apps, accounts, etc. Your Mac’s operating system remains intact after the erasure.

Erase Assistant is only available in macOS Monterey on Mac computers using Apple silicon or Apple T2 Security Chip. Connect your Mac to a Wi-Fi or Ethernet network and follow the steps below:

1. Select the cogwheel icon on the menu bar to open System Preferences.

Alternatively, select the Apple logo in the top-left corner of the screen and select System Preferences on the Apple menu.

1. Select System Preferences on the menu bar and select Erase All Content and Settings.

1. Enter your Mac’s password in the dialog box and select OK to open the Erase Assistant.

1. You’ll find a list of settings, data, and files that Erase Assistant will remove on your Mac. macOS will close all active foreground and background applications when you hit the Continue button. The operation also disconnects and unpairs all Bluetooth devices from your Mac.

The next step is to disconnect your Apple ID account from your Mac. Doing so will simultaneously disable Find My and Activation Lock.

1. Enter your Apple ID password and select Continue to sign out of your Apple ID.

1. Select Erase All Content & Settings to start erasing your data.

Erase Mac Content and Settings Using Disk Utility

Intel-based Mac computers don’t support the Erase Assistant utility. If your Mac lacks the tool, use Disk Utility to perform a factory reset. Unlike Erase Assistant, Disk Utility removes everything on your Mac’s disk—including the operating system. So, you’ll have to reinstall macOS from scratch when setting up your Mac after the data erasure.

It’s also essential to create a Time Machine backup before erasing your Mac using Disk Utility. To use Disk Utility to perform a factory reset, you must shut down your Mac and boot into Recovery Mode.

Unplug all non-essential accessories from your Mac and follow the steps below:

1. Press and hold your Mac’s power button (for at least 15 seconds) until its screen goes blank. Wait another 10 seconds for macOS to shut down completely.
2. Press the power button and hold the Command + R keys if you have an Intel-powered Mac. Keep holding these keys until the Recovery Assistant window appears on the screen.

On Mac computers using Apple M1 Chip or Apple Silicon, press and hold the power button until the “Startup Options” page shows up on the screen. Select Options and then select Continue to boot your Mac into Recovery Mode.

1. Select your Mac’s admin account, enter its password, and select Next.

Can’t remember your admin account password? Refer to our tutorial on formatting Mac computers without a password.

1. Select Disk Utility and select the Continue button to proceed.

1. Select the internal disk volume where macOS is installed—Macintosh HD – Data—on the sidebar and select Erase on the toolbar.

If you don’t find “Macintosh HD – Data” on the sidebar, expand the View drop-down menu and select Show All Devices.

1. Use the system-recommended “Name” and “Format” and select Erase Volume Group to delete all data stored on the disk.

Select Erase if the “Erase Volume Group” option isn’t available for your device.

1. You’ll get a prompt to enter your Apple ID password. That’ll disconnect your account from the Mac, turn off Find My, and disable Activation Lock.
2. On Macs with Apple Silicon chip, select Erase Mac and Restart on the pop-up to start erasing the hard drive.
3. When your Mac restarts, quit Disk Utility, select Reinstall macOS [Monterey], select Continue, and follow the on-screen instructions.

By default, your computer will download the recently-installed macOS version when reinstalling macOS from recovery. To install the macOS version that shipped with your Mac, press and hold Shift + Option + Command + R during startup.

Connect your computer to the internet via Wi-Fi or Ethernet (we recommend the latter). Charge your Mac and keep its lid open while it downloads and reinstalls macOS. Your Mac might restart and show a blank screen several times during the installation. A setup assistant window will appear on the screen when the installation is complete.

Follow the setup assistant’s instructions to set up your new Mac. Close the setup assistant (press Command + Q) if you want to sell, trade-in, or give away the Mac.

Erase All Content & Settings Using Find My

The Erase Assistant Tool remains the quickest, safest, and best way to erase Mac computers. However, if you no longer have access to your Mac, Find My offers an option to erase your data remotely. Use this tracking app/service to erase your Mac’s content and settings only when stolen or lost.

1. Open the iCloud Find My web portal and sign in to the Apple ID account linked to your Mac.
2. Expand the All Devices menu and select your MacBook on the list.

1. Select the Erase Mac bin icon.

1. You’ll get a warning that the operation will delete your Mac’s content and settings. Select Erase to proceed.

You can also erase your Mac from the Find My mobile app on your iPhone or iPad. Follow the steps below if your phone and Mac use the same Apple ID.

Open Find My, head to the Devices tab, select your Mac, and tap Erase This Device. Select Continue and enter a message that should appear on the screen if anyone finds your Mac. You can leave the message box empty if you wish. Tap Erase to wipe your Mac’s content and settings remotely.

Restore Erased Content and Settings

If you have a Time Machine Backup, you can restore the deleted data if you find or recover your Mac. Contact Apple Support if you encounter difficulties erasing all content and settings on your Mac using these tools.

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