USB 记忆棒是可用于恢复文件的众多小型便携式现代便利设备之一。
与硬盘驱动器不同，U(USB)盘没有任何移动部件，这意味着它的故障点比其他存储设备少。但是，它仍然很容易受到损坏，因此您可能无法访问不可替代的数据。
USB记忆棒如何损坏(How a USB Stick Gets Damaged)
USB记忆棒损坏的主要方式有两种：物理上的和逻辑上的。
如果插头在插入设备时受到碰撞或推挤，则插头弯曲或折断时会发生物理损坏。它也可能发生在硬件中。在这种情况下，从其中检索任何东西可能会很棘手，尤其是在连接器、NAND存储芯片或电路板损坏的情况下。
当您在尝试使用记忆棒或其中保存的数据时看到错误之前，您不知道会发生逻辑或非物理损坏。它的软件可能已损坏，或者由于NAND内存芯片低于标准， NAND内存可能存在问题。(NAND)
数据损坏(data corruption)的一些常见原因包括突然断电、USB驱动程序问题、NAND内存磨损、操作系统和程序崩溃或不正确的断开连接。
好消息是您可以使用一些技巧从损坏的U 盘中恢复文件。(USB)
如何从物理损坏的 U 盘中恢复文件(How To Recover Files From a Physically Damaged USB Stick)
轻轻摆动 USB 记忆棒(Give the USB Stick a Gentle Wiggle)
如果USB(USB)记忆棒头部的某些部分在插入计算机时没有接触，请打开扬声器，然后摆动它。如果您听到检测声音，则表明USB已连接到 PC。
确保(Make)它是一个温和的而不是过度弯曲，因为后者可能会进一步损坏设备。
向不同方向缓慢移动摇杆，同时检查其LED灯（如果有）或聆听检测声音。
如果摇杆与您的计算机接触，请打开文件的文件夹位置并快速将它们传输到您的 PC。您可能必须将棍子保持在一个奇怪的位置，因此如果可能的话，请在您握住它的同时让某人传输文件。
撬开金属接头(Pry The Metal Connector Open)
如果摇杆的金属接头被砸坏，无法插入USB端口，请尝试使用尖嘴钳将其撬开。此步骤需要格外小心，因为它可能会对摇杆或您自己造成进一步损坏。
或者，您可以获得专家帮助来修复驱动器(repair the drive)，并根据损坏情况和所需的恢复类型帮助您恢复文件。最重要的部分是驱动器内部的NAND存储芯片；如果它仍然完好无损，那么挽救您的数据的机会就很大。
检查 USB 端口是否有任何碎屑或异物(Check The USB Port For Any Debris Or Foreign Objects)
USB记忆棒可能不是问题，尤其是在没有明显物理损坏的情况下。在这种情况下，请检查计算机的USB端口是否有异物或碎屑，方法是用牙签或棉质 q-tip 轻轻刷端口口内的异物或碎屑，以刷掉这些异物。
如果这没有帮助，则可能是内部组件损坏或驱动器损坏。
焊接和电路维修(Soldering & Circuit Repair)
如果摇杆的电路板损坏，或者连接器损坏，它可以切断USB的电源。在这种情况下，需要进行电路修复或焊接。
请配备专业设备的专业人员为您处理此问题，这样您就不会永久失去对数据或USB记忆棒的访问权限。
从逻辑损坏的 U 盘中恢复文件(Recover Files From a Logically Damaged USB Stick)
对于文件损坏等非物理损坏，您可能会收到常见的错误消息，例如USB 无法识别或出现故障(USB not recognized or has malfunctioned)、请将磁盘插入可移动磁盘(Please insert Disk into Removable disk)、拒绝访问(Access denied)或类似消息。
如果NAND(NAND)内存芯片使闪存驱动器无法读取，并显示错误的大小(displays the wrong size)（通常为 0MB），则可能发生损坏。如果驱动器控制器软件已损坏，或者驱动器本身已被病毒损坏，它也会显示出来。
在这种情况下，您可以使用多种方法来修复损坏，包括格式化 USB 驱动器(formatting the USB drive)、专业维修服务以反转控制器并检索您的数据，或第三方数据恢复解决方案。
扫描驱动器(Scan The Drive)
如果您的U(USB)盘已损坏，您可以对其进行扫描以查找任何逻辑问题。去做这个：
1. 将U(USB)盘插入电脑的系统端口。在This PC下，从列表中检查可移动磁盘(removable disk)图标。
2. 右键单击可移动磁盘(Removable disk)并选择属性(Properties)。
3. 单击工具(Tools)选项卡，然后单击检查(Check)。
4. 您将获得两个选项：自动修复文件系统错误(Automatically fix file system errors)或扫描并尝试恢复坏扇区(Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors)。选中两个框。如果没有错误，您将收到一条警报，告知您无需扫描驱动器。单击(Click) 开始(Start)以启动扫描，然后在该过程完成后单击关闭。(Close)
更改驱动器号(Change The Drive Letter)
有时，插入计算机时，您可能看不到U盘上的数据。(USB)您可能认为它已损坏，但可能是Windows没有为其分配驱动器号。更改驱动器号(Change the drive letter)并检查您是否可以访问您的数据。
1. 在搜索框中，输入磁盘管理(Disk Management)，然后选择创建和格式化硬盘分区(Create and format hard disk partitions)。
2. 从驱动器列表中找到您的U(USB)盘并右键单击它。选择更改驱动器号和路径(Change Drive Letter and Paths)。
3. 单击更改(Change)并为驱动器选择一个新盘符。每次将它连接到计算机时，它都会使用新分配的驱动器号。
4. 您现在可以从驱动器中检索文件。
重新安装磁盘驱动程序(Reinstall The Disk Drivers)
如果您仍然无法从USB记忆棒访问您的数据，请不要排除驱动器损坏的可能性。可能是您计算机的驱动程序已损坏。可以肯定的是，重新安装磁盘驱动程序并检查您的文件是否可以再次访问。
1. 右键单击开始(Start)并选择设备管理器(Device Manager)。展开磁盘驱动器(Disk Drives)类别以查看插入计算机的所有驱动器。
2. 右键单击要修复的驱动器，然后选择卸载设备(Uninstall device)。
3. 卸下外部驱动器并重新启动计算机。
4. 重新插入U(USB)盘，让Windows自动检测并重新安装驱动程序。检查您是否可以访问您的文件并将其保存在您的计算机上。
检查和修复磁盘(Check & Repair The Disk)
您可以通过两种方式执行此操作 - 使用Windows Explorer或命令提示符(Command Prompt)。
使用 Windows 资源管理器检查和修复磁盘(Using Windows Explorer to check and repair the disk)
1. 将U(USB)盘插入计算机并打开Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)。单击这台电脑(This PC)并右键单击要修复的驱动器，然后选择属性(Properties)。
2. 单击工具(Tools)选项卡。在错误检查(Error Checking)下，单击检查(Check)。Windows将扫描驱动器并为您提供扫描结果。如果驱动器有任何其他问题，将出现一个弹出窗口来通知您该问题。
3. 单击修复驱动器(Repair drive)以修复问题并让该过程继续进行，直到完成。完成后，您将在屏幕上收到确认。如果您想了解有关维修的更多信息，请单击显示详细信息(Show Details)以打开事件查看器(Event Viewer)并查看完整日志。
使用命令提示符检查和修复磁盘(Using Command Prompt to check and repair the disk)
1. 在搜索框中，键入CMD，然后单击打开。在命令提示符(Command Prompt)窗口中，键入chkdsk [drive letter]: /r并按Enter开始扫描。
扫描完成后，您可以在驱动器上查看结果和修复列表（如果有）。
使用第三方恢复软件(Use Third-Party Recovery Software)
如果您无法使用我们目前介绍的解决方案检索数据，您可以尝试使用第三方恢复软件(third-party recovery software)。
有许多此类应用程序和工具承诺为您恢复数据，但并非所有应用程序和工具都能兑现承诺。但是，已知有一些可以帮助检索数据的好工具，例如EaseUS Data Recovery tool、TestDisk 和 PhotoRec(TestDisk and PhotoRec)或Recuva等。所有这些都可以帮助检索磁盘上的数据和分区，包括已删除和损坏的文件。
参观专卖店(Visit a Specialist Shop)
如果到目前为止没有任何效果，是时候将您的USB记忆棒带到专家那里了。他们拥有您在家中可能没有的专业且强大的工具，可以挽救您的大部分数据（如果不是全部的话）。
结论(Conclusion)
U 盘(USB)容易受到软件损坏的影响，而且它们很容易损坏。根据损坏程度，可以从损坏的U 盘中(USB)恢复文件。
但是，为防止此类问题继续发生，请确保定期将数据和珍贵文件备份到其他硬盘驱动器或云存储中。此外，在将设备插入计算机或移除设备时，请始终轻拿轻放，并考虑每隔几年更换一次以减少损坏的可能性。
How to Recover Files From a Damaged USB Stick
USB stickѕ are аmоng the many small and portable modern convenienceѕ you can use to recover files.
Unlike a hard disk drive, a USB stick doesn’t have any moving parts, meaning it has fewer failure points than other storage devices. However, it’s still very vulnerable to damage, so you could lose access to your irreplaceable data.
How a USB Stick Gets Damaged
There are two main ways your USB stick can get damaged: physically and logically.
Physical damage occurs when the plug is bent or snapped off if it’s bumped or jostled while plugged into your device. It can also happen within the hardware. In this case, it may be tricky retrieving anything from it, especially if the connector, NAND memory chip or circuit board is broken.
Logical or non-physical damage occurs when you’re not aware of it until you see errors when trying to use the stick or the data saved in it. Its software can be corrupted or there could be issues with the NAND memory owing to subpar NAND memory chips.
Some of the common causes of data corruption include sudden power loss, USB driver issues, NAND memory wear, operating system, and program crashes, or improper disconnection.
The good news is you can recover files from the damaged USB stick using a few tips.
How To Recover Files From a Physically Damaged USB Stick
Give the USB Stick a Gentle Wiggle
If some parts of the USB stick’s head aren’t making contact when plugged into your computer, have your speakers on and then give it a wiggle. If you hear the detection sound, then the USB is connected to the PC.
Make sure it’s a gentle and not excessive bend, as the latter could cause further damage to the device.
Move the stick slowly in different directions while checking for its LED light (if any) or listening out for the detection sound.
If the stick makes contact with your computer, open the folder location for your files and quickly transfer them across to your PC. You may have to hold the stick in a strange position, so if it’s possible, have someone transfer the files while you hold it.
Pry The Metal Connector Open
If the stick’s metal connector is smashed, such that it can’t fit into a USB port, try prying it open using a pair of needle-nose pliers. This step requires extra caution as it’s possible to cause further damage to the stick, or yourself.
Alternatively, you can get expert help to repair the drive and help you recover the files depending on the damage and the type of recovery required. The most important part is the NAND memory chip inside the drive; if it’s still intact, the chances of salvaging your data are strong.
Check The USB Port For Any Debris Or Foreign Objects
The USB stick may not be the problem, especially where there’s no apparent physical damage. In this case, check the computer’s USB port for any foreign objects or debris by gently brushing a toothpick or cotton q-tip inside the port’s mouth to brush out such matter.
If this doesn’t help, it’s possible that an interior component is broken, or the drive is corrupted.
Soldering & Circuit Repair
If the stick’s circuit board is damaged, or the connector is broken, it can cut off the power supply to the USB. In this case, a circuit repair or soldering is needed.
Get a professional with specialized equipment to handle this for you so that you don’t permanently lose access to your data or the USB stick altogether.
Recover Files From a Logically Damaged USB Stick
For non-physical damage like file corruption, you may get customary error messages such as USB not recognized or has malfunctioned, Please insert Disk into Removable disk, Access denied, or similar messages.
Corruption can happen if the NAND memory chip renders the flash drive unreadable, and displays the wrong size, usually 0MB. It also manifests if the drive controller software is corrupted, or the drive itself is virus-corrupted.
In this case, you can use several methods to fix the corruption, including formatting the USB drive, professional repair service to reverse the controller and retrieve your data, or a third-party data recovery solution.
Scan The Drive
If your USB stick is corrupted, you can scan it for any logical issues. To do this:
1. Insert the USB stick into the computer’s system port. Under This PC, check for the removable disk icon from the list.
2. Right-click Removable disk and select Properties.
3. Click the Tools tab and click Check.
4. You’ll get two options: Automatically fix file system errors or Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors. Check both boxes. If there are no errors, you’ll get an alert letting you know you don’t need to scan the drive. Click Start to initiate the scan and then click Close once the process is completed.
Change The Drive Letter
Sometimes you may not see the data on your USB stick when plugged into your computer. You may think it’s corrupted, but it could be that Windows hasn’t assigned it a drive letter. Change the drive letter and check if you can access your data.
1. In the search box, type Disk Management, and select Create and format hard disk partitions.
2. Find your USB stick from the list of drives and right-click on it. Select Change Drive Letter and Paths.
3. Click Change and pick a new letter for the drive. Each time you connect it to your computer, it’ll use the newly assigned drive letter.
4. You can now retrieve your files from the drive.
Reinstall The Disk Drivers
If you still can’t access your data from the USB stick, don’t rule out corruption on the drive just yet. It could be that your computer’s drivers are corrupted. To be sure, reinstall the disk drivers and check if your files can be accessed again.
1. Right-click Start and select Device Manager. Expand the Disk Drives category to see all the drives plugged into your computer.
2. Right-click on the drive you want to fix, and select Uninstall device.
3. Remove the external drive and restart your computer.
4. Plug the USB stick back in and allow Windows to automatically detect it and reinstall the drivers. Check if you can access your files and save them on your computer.
Check & Repair The Disk
You can do this in two ways – using Windows Explorer or Command Prompt.
Using Windows Explorer to check and repair the disk
1. Plug the USB stick into your computer and open Windows Explorer. Click This PC and right-click on the drive you want to fix, and then select Properties.
2. Click the Tools tab. Under Error Checking, click Check. Windows will scan the drive and give you the scan results. If there are any other issues with the drive, a popup window will appear to notify you of the issue.
3. Click Repair drive to fix the problem and let the process continue until it’s completed. You’ll receive an on-screen confirmation once it’s finished. If you want more information about the repairs, click Show Details to open the Event Viewer and see the complete log.
Using Command Prompt to check and repair the disk
1. On the search box, type CMD and then click open. In the Command Prompt window, type chkdsk [drive letter]: /r and press Enter to start the scan.
Once the scan is completed, you can see the findings and a list of the repairs (if any) on your drive.
Use Third-Party Recovery Software
If you’re not able to retrieve your data using the solutions we’ve covered so far, you can try using third-party recovery software.
There are many such apps and tools that promise to recover the data for you, but not all of them live up to their promises. However, there are a few good ones that are known to help retrieve data such as EaseUS Data Recovery tool, TestDisk and PhotoRec, or Recuva, among others. All these can help retrieve data and partitions on disks, including deleted and corrupted files.
Visit a Specialist Shop
If nothing has worked so far, it’s time to take your USB stick to a specialist. They have specialized and powerful tools that you may not have at home, which can salvage most if not all of your data.
Conclusion
USB sticks are vulnerable to software corruption, and they can break very easily. Depending on the level of damage, it’s possible to recover files from a damaged USB stick.
However, to prevent such issues going forward, make sure you keep backups of your data and precious files regularly, on other hard drives or in cloud storage. Plus, always handle your device gently when plugging it into your computer or removing it, and consider replacing it every few years to reduce the likelihood of corruption.
