上周，我遇到了一个服务器，其HTTPS端口 80 已被另一个软件占用。不出所料，“罪魁祸首”是另一个 Web 服务器软件，即IIS。由于IIS用户已经习惯了默认端口，因此Apache安装别无选择，只能使用不太流行的HTTP端口，在本例中为端口 81。

你可能会问为什么 80 端口对 http 很重要？好吧，一方面，它是用户的易用性。如果您浏览的 Web 服务器在侦听端口 80 以外的端口，则需要将端口号连同地址一起包括在内。

像这样：http: http://yourdomain.com:81/ :81/如果端口 81 是您的 Web 服务器的端口。如果您使用端口 80，那么您不必在地址上输入端口 80，因为它是用于HTTP的标准端口。根据http://www.tcpipguide.com

“为了避免混乱，实现特定服务器进程的软件通常在每个 IP 设备上使用相同的保留端口号，因此客户端可以轻松找到它……每个 Web 浏览器只是“知道”网站旨在侦听发送到端口的请求80”^{(“To avoid chaos, the software that implements a particular server process normally uses the same reserved port number on every IP device, so clients can find it easily… Every Web browser just “knows” that websites are designed to listen for requests sent to port 80”)}。

因此，解决了这个事实，让我们看看如何更改Apache设置的端口。首先在Apache^(Apache) > conf文件夹中查找 httpd.conf 文件。

httpd.conf 是所有Apache实现使用的文本文件，因此更改Unix Apache或Windows Apache安装的方式相同——通过此配置文件。使用您喜欢的文本编辑器打开文件并查找带有“Listen 80”的行：

这一行将Apache定义为侦听端口 80。您所要做的就是将该端口 80 更改为您想要使用的任何端口。确保您将使用的端口是空闲端口，并且尚未被其他服务占用。如果您不确定，请阅读我们关于免费端口扫描仪的指南。^{(free port scanner)}

编辑完文件后，保存并重新启动Apache。要测试您是否已经在使用新端口，请使用您已使用的端口浏览URL。例如，如果您输入端口 81 作为新端口，则新URL应为http://yourdomain:81。

我在网上阅读的另一种方法略有不同。如果上述方法对您不起作用，请尝试转到/etc/apache2/ports.conf并将那里的Listen行更改为Listen 81之类的内容。

接下来，转到 /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf并将第一行更改为VirtualHost *: 81。重新启动 Apache^{(Restart Apache)}，您应该能够访问该域而无需输入端口号。Apache应该自动重定向到 /var/www/html。享受！

How to Change an Apache Server Listening Port

Lаst week, I encountered a server with its HTTPS port 80 already taken by another software.  Τhe “culprit” wаs unsurprisingly another web server software, namely IIS. Because the IIS users are already accustomed to the default port, the Apache installation had no choice but to use a lеss popular pоrt for HTTP, in this case case port 81.

You might ask why is port 80 important for http?  Well, for one, it is the ease of use for the users.  If you are browsing to a web server listening on a port other than port 80, you will need to include the port number along with the address.

Something like this: http://yourdomain.com:81/ if port 81 is your web server’s port.  If you use port 80 then you won’t have to type in port 80 on the address since it is the standard port used for HTTP.  According to http://www.tcpipguide.com

“To avoid chaos, the software that implements a particular server process normally uses the same reserved port number on every IP device, so clients can find it easily… Every Web browser just “knows” that websites are designed to listen for requests sent to port 80”.

So having that fact settled, let’s see how we can change the port of our Apache setup.  First look for the httpd.conf file inside the Apache > conf folder.

httpd.conf is a text file used by all Apache implementations, so changing a Unix Apache or Windows Apache install is done the same way – thru this config file.  Open the file using your favorite text editor and look for the line with “Listen 80”:

This line defines Apache to listen on port 80.  All you have to do is change that port 80 to any port that you want to use.  Make sure that the port that you will use is a free port and not already taken by other services.  Read our guide about a free port scanner if you are not sure.

Once you have edited the file, save it and restart Apache.  To test if you already are using the new port browse the URL with the port you have used. For example, if you entered port 81 as the new port, the new URL should be http://yourdomain:81.

Another method that I read about online is slightly different. If the above doesn’t work for you, try going to /etc/apache2/ports.conf and changing the Listen line there to something like Listen 81.

Next, go to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf and change the first line to VirtualHost *: 81. Restart Apache and you should be able to visit the domain without having to type in the port number. Apache should redirect automatically to /var/www/html. Enjoy!

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