当我们提到云^{(the cloud)}时，我们谈论的是一个存储系统^{(storage system)}，它可以在互联网上存储和访问数据。近年来，Google Drive、Dropbox、iCloud 和其他类似的便捷数据存储选项让用户相信云服务器的好处^{(benefits of a cloud server)}。

这些服务的问题在于它们都是第三方的。这通常意味着使用它们可能会产生每月的服务成本、服务器或^{(service cost)}服务崩溃^{(service crash)}时可能无法访问，以及保持数据安全和私密的安全要求。

如果我告诉您可以在Windows上构建自己的^(Windows)云服务器^{(cloud server)}会怎样？它不会是一项太大的任务，并且它会比您的典型云服务^{(cloud service)}提供更多优势？

如何使用 Windows 10 FTP 站点设置私有云存储^{(How To Set Up Private Cloud Storage Using a Windows 10 FTP Site)}

在Windows中构建自己的云服务器^{(cloud server)}通常需要前期投资。首先，您需要一个存储系统^{(storage system)}和至少 100Mbps 的固定宽带连接^{(broadband connection)}。建议使用此速度，以便可以从任何地方轻松访问云服务器。^{(cloud server)}

互联网速度将仅限于您所在地区的本地服务提供商。至于存储系统^{(storage system)}，有几个选项可供选择。一种可能性是 NAS^{(is a NAS)}，它通常带有自己的Web 界面^{(web interface)}和在线同步选项。

对于这篇关于如何构建自己的云服务器^{(cloud server)}的文章，我们将着眼于重新利用家用Windows 计算机^{(Windows computer)}以允许云存储。

如何在 Windows 10 中构建自己的云服务器^{(How To Build Your Own Cloud Server In Windows 10)}

您可以在Windows中构建自己的云服务器^{(cloud server)}，但它确实需要添加一些内容才能实现。与NAS 相比^(NAS)，它也可能是更便宜的选择，因为您可能已经拥有一台现成的计算机。

涉及的步骤之一将需要在您的 Windows 10 计算机上设置FTP组件。^(FTP)这将使您的 Windows 10 PC 可以访问互联网^{(PC internet)}，这意味着您可以从其他设备在线访问它，并使其能够管理文件。

导航到控制面板^{(Control Panel)}并单击程序^(Programs)。

在程序和功能^{(Programs and Features)}下，单击打开或关闭 Windows 功能^{(Turn Windows features on or off)}。

展开Internet Information Services ( IIS )文件夹并^{(folder and place)}选中FTP 服务器复选框^{(FTP Server checkbox)}。接下来，展开Web 管理工具^{(Web Management Tools)}并确保IIS 管理控制台^{(IIS Management Console)}也被选中。按确定^(OK)。

完成这些步骤后，将安装设置FTP 服务器的组件。^{(FTP server)}

配置您的 FTP 服务器站点^{(Configuring Your FTP Server Site)}

下一步是设置可以通过 Web 访问的FTP 服务器站点。^{(FTP server)}

回到控制面板^{(Control Panel)}并点击系统和安全^{(System and Security)}。

然后，单击管理工具^{(Administrative Tools)}。

双击Internet 信息服务管理器^{(Internet Information Services Manager)}。

在“连接”窗格^{(Connections pane)}中，展开您的计算机名称并右键单击^{(computer name and right-click)} “站点”^(Sites)。选择添加 FTP 站点...^{(Add FTP Site…)}
为您的站点添加一个名称，然后找到您要存储所有FTP文件的^(FTP)文件夹路径^{(folder path)}。我们建议在主系统驱动器^{(system drive)}(C:) 或完全不同的硬盘驱动器的根目录中创建一个文件夹。
单击下一步^(Next)。您现在应该位于Binding and SSL Settings窗口。将^(Set)所有设置设置为镜像下图，然后单击下一步^(Next)。

除非您计划托管敏感数据或将此服务器用于业务目的，否则通常不需要SSL 。出于上述任一目的，建议您获取SSL 证书^{(SSL certificate)}。
再次^(Again)，将您的设置镜像到下图的设置。该电子邮件地址^{(email address)}应附加到您的 Windows 10 帐户，以便您访问它。

单击完成^(Finish)。

设置防火墙^{(Setting Up The Firewall)}

不同的防火墙^{(Different firewall)}应用程序将有不同的设置来启用到您的FTP 服务器^{(FTP server)}的连接。如果您使用的是Windows 10^{(Windows 10)}中的内置防火墙，则默认情况下会阻止FTP 服务器连接，直到手动启用。^{(FTP server)}

要启用它，请导航到Windows Defender 安全中心^{(Windows Defender Security Center)}，然后单击防火墙和网络保护^{(Firewall & network protection)}。

单击允许应用程序通过防火墙^{(Allow an app through firewall)}链接。

单击更改设置^{(Change Settings)}，找到FTP 服务器^{(FTP Server)}并在其中勾选私有^(Private)和公共访问^{(Public Access)}。

单击确定^(OK)。

此时，您的FTP 服务器^{(FTP server)}现在可以从同一网络上的多个设备访问。

从 Internet 访问您的 FTP 服务器^{(Accessing Your FTP Server From The Internet)}

是时候打开路由器上的Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol( TCP/IP )端口号 21^{(port number 21)}。每个路由器在设置端口转发^{(port forwarding)}时都不同。

此处提供的步骤是有关如何安全执行此操作^{(how to do this safely)}的一般指导。通过点击链接，您将能够设置静态IP 地址^{(IP address)}并打开端口以允许在线流量^{(online traffic)}通过。

设置完成后，您就可以从任何地方访问您的FTP 服务器^{(FTP server)}文件。

要记住的事情^{(Things To Remember)}

使用个人计算机作为云存储确实有一些缺点需要牢记。可能发生的一个问题是当您不在家时会发生自动更新。这将导致您的 PC 关闭，变得无法访问。

尽管可以跨多个设备访问这些文件，但它们在离线时不会自动同步。要实现这一点，需要像OwnCloud或SeaFile这样的云服务。

另一个问题是个人使用数据和云存储使用^{(storage use)}之间的共享资源。根据您存储的数据类型，您的硬盘驱动器可能会快速填满。

在存储容量方面，PC 仅限于您愿意为额外的硬盘驱动器支付的费用。无需担心增加额外几 GB 可访问数据的月费，一次性购买额外的硬盘驱动器就足够了。

既然您拥有了工具和知识，就可以在Windows中构建自己的云服务器^{(cloud server)}，最终将云存储服务^{(cloud storage service)}成本降到最低。

How To Set Up Private Cloud Storage Using A Windows 10 FTP Site

When we refer to the cloud, we’re talking about a storage system that keeps data stored and accessible on the internet. In recent years, the likes of Google Drive, Dropbox, iCloud, and other similar convenient data storage options have convinced users of the benefits of a cloud server.

The problem with these services is that they are all third-party. This often means that using them may incur a monthly service cost, potential inaccessibility should the servers or service crash, and security demands to keep data both safe and private.

What if I told you that you could build your own cloud server on Windows? That it wouldn’t be too large of an undertaking and that it would provide more advantages than your typical cloud service?

How To Set Up Private Cloud Storage Using a Windows 10 FTP Site

To build your own cloud server in Windows would normally require an upfront investment. To start, you’d need a storage system and a minimum of 100Mbps fixed broadband connection. This speed is recommended so that the cloud server can be easily accessed from anywhere.

The internet speeds will be limited to the local service providers in your area. As for the storage system, there are a couple of options from which to choose. One possibility is a NAS, which usually comes with its own web interface and online synchronization options.

For this article on how to build your own cloud server, we’ll be looking at repurposing a home Windows computer to allow cloud storage.

How To Build Your Own Cloud Server In Windows 10

You can build your own cloud server in Windows but it does require a few additions in order to pull it off. It’s also likely to be the cheaper option over something like a NAS as you probably already have a computer readily available.

One of the steps involved will require that FTP components be set up on your Windows 10 computer. This will make your Windows 10 PC internet accessible, meaning you can access it online from other devices, and give it the ability to manage files.

Navigate to the Control Panel and click on Programs.

Under Programs and Features, click Turn Windows features on or off.

Expand the Internet Information Services (IIS) folder and place a check into the FTP Server checkbox. Next, expand Web Management Tools and make sure that IIS Management Console is also checked. Press OK.

Once these steps are completed, the components to set up an FTP server will be installed.

Configuring Your FTP Server Site

The next step is to set up an FTP server site that can be accessed over the web.

Head back into the Control Panel and click on System and Security.

Then, click on Administrative Tools.

Double-click on Internet Information Services Manager.

In the Connections pane, expand your computer name and right-click Sites. Select Add FTP Site…
Add a name for your site and then locate the folder path where you’ll want to store all FTP files. We recommend creating a folder within the root of the main system drive (C:\) or an entirely different hard drive.
Click Next. You should now be at the Binding and SSL Settings window. Set all settings to mirror the image below, and click Next.

Unless you’re planning to host sensitive data or are using this server for business purposes, an SSL is generally not required. For either of the purposes mentioned, it’s recommended that you acquire an SSL certificate.
Again, mirror your settings to that of the image below. The email address should be the one attached to your Windows 10 account in order for you to gain access to it.

Click Finish.

Setting Up The Firewall

Different firewall applications would have different setups for enabling connections to your FTP server. If you’re using the built-in firewall in Windows 10, FTP server connections are blocked by default until manually enabled.

To enable it, navigate to Windows Defender Security Center and click on Firewall & network protection.

Click the Allow an app through firewall link.

Click Change Settings, locate FTP Server and place a checkmark in it as well as both Private and Public Access.

Click OK.

At this point, your FTP server is now accessible from multiple devices on the same network.

Accessing Your FTP Server From The Internet

It’s time to open the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) port number 21 on your router. Each router is different when it comes to setting up port forwarding.

The steps provided here are a general guidance on how to do this safely. By following the link, you’ll be able to set up a static IP address and open a port to allow online traffic through.

Once set up, you’ll be able to access your FTP server files from anywhere.

Things To Remember

Using a personal computer as cloud storage does have some drawbacks to keep in mind. One issue that could occur is automatic updates taking place when you’re not at home. This would cause your PC to shut off, becoming inaccessible.

Though the files may be accessible across multiple devices, they aren’t automatically synchronized while offline. To pull that off will require a cloud service like OwnCloud or SeaFile.

Another problem would be shared resources between personal use data and cloud storage use. Depending what kind of data you’re storing, your hard drives could fill up fast.

When it comes to storage capacity, a PC is limited only to what you’re willing to pay for additional hard drives. Instead of worrying about increasing your monthly fee for a few extra gigabytes of accessible data, a one-time purchase of an additional hard drive is all you need.

Now that you have the tools and the knowledge, you can build your own cloud server in Windows and finally kick cloud storage service costs to the curb.

平任

About the author

我是一位强烈推荐的 Windows 10 专家，我专注于帮助人们个性化他们的计算机外观并使他们的 Office 工具更加用户友好。我利用自己的技能帮助他人找到使用 Microsoft Office 的最有效方法，包括如何格式化文本和图形以进行在线打印、如何为 Outlook 创建自定义主题，甚至如何自定义桌面任务栏的外观计算机。

如何使用 Windows 10 FTP 站点设置私有云存储

如何使用 Windows 10 FTP 站点设置私有云存储^{(How To Set Up Private Cloud Storage Using a Windows 10 FTP Site)}

如何在 Windows 10 中构建自己的云服务器^{(How To Build Your Own Cloud Server In Windows 10)}