现代版本的Windows，例如Windows 10和Windows 7，允许用户使用本应使事情变得简单的向导与本地网络中的其他计算机和设备共享文件夹。但是，它不允许进行与老式高级共享(Advanced Sharing)功能相同的自定义级别。如果您想与特定用户共享文件夹，限制同时访问他们的用户数量或阻止网络中某些用户的访问，那么您需要学习如何在Windows中使用(Windows)高级共享(Advanced Sharing)。以下是您需要的所有信息：
如何在Windows中启用(Windows)高级共享(Advanced Sharing)
默认情况下，Windows 10和Windows 7都使用共享向导让您与本地网络共享文件夹。您可以在本教程中找到更多信息：如何在Windows中通过网络共享文件夹和库。
但是，共享向导为您提供了很少的共享自定义选项。如果您想详细控制在Windows中共享文件夹的方式，或者如果您只是喜欢老式的方法，您可以并且应该启用Windows的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)功能。为此，您必须禁用共享向导。这是如何做：
(Open File Explorer)如果您使用的是Windows 10，请打开文件资源管理器；如果您使用的是Windows 7 ，请打开(Windows 7)Windows Explorer。然后打开“文件夹选项”窗口(Folder Options window)，转到“查看”(View)选项卡，向下滚动，直到找到“使用共享向导（推荐）”("Use Sharing Wizard (Recommended)")框并取消选中它。
单击或点击OK。共享向导现在已禁用，这意味着高级共享(Advanced Sharing)已启用。但是，请注意，当您禁用共享向导时，将无法再共享库，您只能共享文件夹。
如何打开Windows的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)选项以共享文件夹
要与特定用户共享文件夹，请右键单击或按住它以访问上下文菜单。然后，单击或点击(click or tap)Windows 10 中的“授予访问权限” ，或("Give access to")Windows 7中的“共享”("Share with")。在显示的子菜单中，单击或点击(click or tap)高级共享(Advanced sharing)。
或者，如果您使用 Windows 10，您还可以选择要共享的文件夹，然后在文件资源管理器的(File Explorer's)功能区界面(ribbon interface)的共享(Share)选项卡中单击或点击高级共享(Advanced sharing)。同样，在Windows 7中，您可以选择文件夹，单击窗口顶部的共享方式(Share with)按钮，然后单击高级共享。(Advanced sharing.)
还有第三种打开文件夹高级共享(Advanced Sharing)选项的方法，甚至不需要您关闭共享向导，就像我们在本教程的第一部分中向您展示的那样。右键单击或按住要共享的文件夹，按上下文菜单中的属性(Properties)，然后转到文件夹属性(Properties)窗口中的共享选项卡。(Sharing)
无论您选择哪种方法，在文件夹属性(Properties)窗口中，单击或点击具有相同名称的部分中的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)按钮。
如何使用Windows的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)选项来共享文件夹
现在您应该打开了“高级共享”("Advanced Sharing")窗口。它在Windows 10(Windows 10)和Windows 7中看起来相同，并且，如果您选择的文件夹当前未共享，您应该会看到类似以下内容：
要开始与本地网络中的用户和计算机或其他设备共享所选文件夹，请首先选中“共享此文件夹”("Share this folder")框。
如果您想使用与默认名称不同的共享名称(default one)，(share name)请在“共享名称”("Share name")文本框中输入您想要的名称。
如果您只想与连接到本地网络的每个人(everyone)快速共享该文件夹，您可以立即停止，并单击或点击(click or tap)OK或Apply保存更改。但是，如果您想进一步配置文件夹的共享方式，请继续阅读。
如何使用Windows的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)选项来限制与您共享文件夹的用户数量
默认情况下，Windows将同时连接的用户数限制为 20。这在正常情况下应该绰绰有余。但是，您可能希望增加或更可能减少允许同时连接到您共享的文件夹的用户数量。为此，请将“限制同时用户数”("Limit the number of simultaneous users")字段中的值更改为您喜欢的值。
高级共享(Advanced Sharing)窗口还允许您为您的共享添加一些评论，因此在您继续之前，如果您愿意，可以添加一些评论。
如何使用Windows的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)仅与特定用户共享文件夹
如果您想自定义并只允许网络中的某些用户访问您的共享文件夹，则需要设置其权限。为此，请单击或点按(click or tap) 权限(Permissions)。
在“权限(Permissions)”窗口中，您可以看到有权访问您正在共享的文件夹的用户和组。默认情况下，文件夹与所有人(Everyone)共享。在底部，您还可以看到授予所选用户或组(user or group)的权限。
在修改分配给每个用户或组(user or group)的权限之前，让我们添加另一个应该可以访问该文件夹的用户帐户。(user account)单击(Click)或点击添加(Add)。
选择用户或组(Select Users or Groups)窗口打开。在底部的文本框中，输入您要授予权限的用户或组的名称。(user or group)如果您不确定在您的计算机或设备(computer or device)上注册了哪些用户和组，请单击或点击(click or tap) 高级(Advanced)。如果您知道确切的用户名或用户组(user name or user group)，请单击或点击(click or tap) 检查名称(Check Names)以验证您自己，然后确定(OK)并跳过下一步。
当您按下Advanced时，“选择用户或组”("Select Users or Groups")窗口会展开，其中包含新的选项和按钮。单击(Click)或点击“立即查找”("Find Now,")，Windows会显示在您的 PC 上注册的用户帐户和组的列表。选择要与之共享文件夹的人，然后单击或点击确定(OK)以返回上一个窗口。
再次单击或点击确定(OK)。
如何使用Windows的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)来选择用户对您的共享文件夹的访问类型（完全控制(Full Control)、更改(Change)、读取）(Read)
现在是时候选择您要授予每个用户或组(user or group)的访问权限了。选择(Select)每个用户或组(user or group)并检查您希望分配的权限级别：
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完全控制(Full Control)- 这是不言自明的。分配后，有权访问共享文件夹的用户或组可以对其进行任何操作：查看、修改、删除等。
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更改(Change)- 用户或群组可以更改共享文件夹的内容，但不能删除其内容。
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阅读(Read)- 用户或组只能查看现有内容，而不能对其进行任何更改。
要删除用户或组(user or group)，请选择它并单击或点击删除(Remove)。完成后，单击或点击(click or tap) OK。然后，单击或点击“属性(Properties)”窗口中的“关闭”。(Close)该文件夹将使用您设置的权限与您选择的用户帐户或组共享。
如何使用Windows的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)选项停止共享文件夹
如果您不想再与网络中的任何人共享文件夹，请按照我们向您展示的那样打开其高级共享窗口。(Advanced Sharing)然后，只需取消选中“共享此文件夹”("Share this folder")框并单击或点击OK。然后，单击或点击“属性(Properties)”窗口中的“关闭”。(Close)
如何使用Windows的高级共享(Advanced Sharing)与家庭组共享文件夹（(HomeGroup)仅在Windows 7中）
在 Windows 10 中，家庭组(HomeGroup)功能已被Microsoft删除，我们无法再从中受益。但是，如果您使用的是Windows 7，则可以。要与HomeGroup(HomeGroup)共享文件夹，您需要执行与上述相同的步骤。唯一的区别是您需要授予HomeUsers组权限。
将HomeUsers组添加到有权访问共享文件夹的用户和组列表后，设置您要分配的权限，您就完成了。
您喜欢使用高级共享(Advanced Sharing)而不是共享向导(Wizard)吗？
在不使用共享向导的情况下使用高级共享(Advanced Sharing)在网络上共享内容并不容易和直接。但是，它允许您控制可以访问文件夹的用户帐户和用户组、分配给每个人的权限以及选择不同的共享名称。那么，你更喜欢哪种方法呢？您最喜欢在Windows中共享文件夹的方式是什么？
How to use Windows advanced sharing to share folders with specific users
Modern versions of Windows, such as Windоws 10 and Windows 7, allow uѕers to share folders with other computers and devices from the local network, using a wizard that іs ѕupрosed to make things easy. Howеver, it does not allow for the same level of сustomization that the old-school Advanced Sharing feature does. If you want to share folders with specific users, limit the number of users who have access simultaneously to them or block access for some of the users in your network, then you need to learn how to use Advanced Sharing in Windows. Here is all the information you need:
How to enable Advanced Sharing in Windows
By default, both Windows 10 and Windows 7 use a sharing wizard to let you share folders with your local network. You can find more information in this tutorial: How to share folders and libraries, with the network, in Windows.
However, the sharing wizard gives you few sharing customization options. If you want detailed control over how you share folders in Windows, or if you just prefer the old-school approach, you can and should enable Windows' Advanced Sharing features. To do that, you must disable the sharing wizard. Here's how:
Open File Explorer if you're using Windows 10, or Windows Explorer if you are using Windows 7. Then open the Folder Options window, go to the View tab, and scroll down until you find the box that says "Use Sharing Wizard (Recommended)" and uncheck it.
Click or tap on OK. The sharing wizard is now disabled, and that means that the Advanced Sharing is enabled. However, note that when you disable the sharing wizard, sharing libraries is no longer possible, and you can share only folders.
How to open Windows' Advanced Sharing options for sharing folders
To share a folder with a specific user, right-click or press and hold on it to access the contextual menu. Then, click or tap on "Give access to" in Windows 10, or on "Share with" in Windows 7. In the sub-menu that is displayed, click or tap on Advanced sharing.
Alternatively, if you use Windows 10, you can also select the folder that you want to share, and then click or tap on Advanced sharing in the Share tab from File Explorer's ribbon interface. Similarly, in Windows 7, you can select the folder, click the Share with button from the top of the window, and then click on Advanced sharing.
There's also a third method of opening the Advanced Sharing options for a folder, that does not even need you to turn the sharing wizard off like we showed you in the first section of this tutorial. Right-click or press and hold on the folder that you want to share, press Properties in the contextual menu, and then go to the Sharing tab in the folder's Properties window.
Regardless of the method you choose to get here, in the folder Properties window, click or tap the Advanced Sharing button from the section that bears the same name.
How to use Windows' Advanced Sharing options to share folders
Now you should have the "Advanced Sharing" window opened. It looks the same in Windows 10 and Windows 7, and, if the folder you selected is not currently shared, you should see something similar to this:
To start sharing the selected folder with users and computer or other devices from your local network, first, check the "Share this folder" box.
If you want to use a different share name from the default one, type the name you would like in the "Share name" text box.
If all you wanted was to quickly share that folder with everyone connected to your local network, you could stop right now, and save the changes with a click or tap on OK or Apply. However, if you want to further configure how the folder is shared, read on.
How to use Windows' Advanced Sharing options to limit the number of users with whom you share a folder
By default, Windows limits the number of simultaneously connected users to 20. That should be more than enough in normal circumstances. However, you might want to increase or, more likely, decrease the number of users allowed to simultaneously connect to a folder you share. To do that, change the value from the "Limit the number of simultaneous users" field to the value you prefer.
The Advanced Sharing window also lets you add some comments for your share, so before you go further, add some if you want.
How to use Windows' Advanced Sharing to share folders only with specific users
If you want to customize and allow only some users from your network to have access to your shared folder, then you need to set its permissions. To do that, click or tap Permissions.
In the Permissions window, you get to see the users and groups that have permissions to access the folder that you are sharing. By default, folders are shared with Everyone. On the bottom, you can also see the permissions given to the selected user or group.
Before modifying the permissions assigned to each user or group, let's add another user account that should get access to the folder. Click or tap Add.
The Select Users or Groups window opens. In the text-box on the bottom, type the name of the user or group you want to give permissions to. If you are not sure which users and groups are registered on your computer or device, click or tap Advanced. If you know the exact user name or user group, click or tap Check Names to verify yourself, then OK and skip the next step.
When you press on Advanced, the "Select Users or Groups" window expands with new options and buttons. Click or tap "Find Now," and Windows shows you the list of user accounts and groups registered on your PC. Choose the one you want to share the folder with and click or tap OK to get back to the previous window.
Click or tap on OK one more time.
How to use Windows' Advanced Sharing to choose what type of access (Full Control, Change, Read) users have on your shared folders
Now it is time to pick the access you want to give to each user or group. Select each user or group and check the permissions level you wish to assign:
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Full Control - This is self-explanatory. When assigned, users or groups who have access to the shared folder can do anything with it: view it, modify it, delete it, etc.
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Change - Users or groups can change the contents of the shared folder but cannot delete its content.
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Read - Users or groups can only view the existing content without being able to make any changes to it.
To remove a user or group, select it and click or tap Remove. When you're finished, click or tap OK. Then, click or tap Close in the Properties window. The folder is shared with the user accounts or groups you selected, using the permissions you have set.
How to use Windows' Advanced Sharing options to stop sharing folders
If you no longer want to share a folder with anyone from your network, open its Advanced Sharing window as we have shown you. Then, just uncheck the "Share this folder" box and click or tap OK. Then, click or tap Close in the Properties window.
How to use Windows' Advanced Sharing to share folders with the HomeGroup (only in Windows 7)
In Windows 10, the HomeGroup feature was removed by Microsoft and we can no longer benefit from it. However, if you are using Windows 7, you can. To share a folder with the HomeGroup, you need to follow the same steps as above. The only difference is that you need to give permissions to the HomeUsers group.
Once the HomeUsers group is added to the list of users and groups which have access to the shared folder, set the permissions you want to assign and you are done.
Do you prefer to use Advanced Sharing instead of the Sharing Wizard?
Sharing content over the network with Advanced Sharing without using the sharing wizard is not as easy and straightforward. However, it allows you to control the user accounts and user groups that can access a folder, the permissions assigned to every one of them, as well as choose different share names. So, which method do you like more? What's your favorite way of sharing folders in Windows?
