有很多原因会导致您的 PC 运行不如以前顺畅。硬盘驱动器可能正在恶化，RAM 可能出现问题(the RAM could be developing problems)，或者Windows操作系统本身可能存在问题。
但更多情况下，计算机运行缓慢是由英国媒体报道软件引起的。这意味着每次启动计算机时都会自动启动许多不必要的应用程序，占用系统资源并减慢速度。
值得庆幸的是，有一种方法可以轻松地(way to easily remove these startup programs)从您的 PC 中删除这些启动程序。Autoruns是一个Windows实用程序，可让您从易于使用的GUI界面查看和配置所有自动运行的进程。以下是有关如何使用Autoruns禁用计算机上的启动程序的简短指南。
什么是启动程序(Are Startup Programs)以及它们为什么会成为问题(Problem)？
许多应用程序和服务设计为在您每次启动时自动启动。对于许多基本服务来说，这是一件好事，因为关键流程可以启动并运行，而无需您每次都手动启动它们。
问题在于第三方启动应用程序。许多应用程序将自己插入到启动进程列表中，从而使原本有限的阵容膨胀。而且很少需要这些应用程序 - 毕竟，您可以在实际需要时运行任何应用程序。
除了在计算机运行时消耗内存和CPU周期外，这些启动程序会增加启动时间。(CPU)虽然您可以从任务管理器的“启动”选项卡(Task Manager’s Startup tab)中禁用其中一些程序，但大多数启动过程甚至都不会显示在那里。
如何使用自动运行禁用启动(Startup Programs)程序(Autoruns)
与其他禁用启动程序的常用方法（Windows注册表编辑、PowerShell脚本等）相比， Autoruns相当易于使用。即使在其他启动监视器实用程序中，Autoruns也因其更简洁的界面和全面的覆盖范围而脱颖而出。
- 要开始使用 Autoruns，请从 Sysinternals下载该工具。(download the tool)
- 由于它是一个便携式应用程序，只需解压缩下载的 zip 文件。
- (Run Autoruns.exe)为 32 位计算机运行 Autoruns.exe ，(Autoruns64.exe)为 64 位计算机运行 Autoruns64.exe。该实用程序将立即扫描您的计算机以查找启动项并开始在列表中显示它们。
- 来自Microsoft Windows或(Microsoft Windows)Nvidia等显卡制造商的系统进程带有 Verified(Verified)标签，允许您分离基本任务。第三方流程也使用紫色阴影进行颜色编码，因此您可以轻松发现它们。
- 要从启动文件夹(the startup folder)中删除任何进程，请右键单击其条目并选择删除(Delete)。Autoruns将负责删除其注册表项并将其从Windows启动文件夹中删除。
- 此菜单中还有其他有用的选项。例如，高级用户会喜欢(Advanced)Jump to Entry...选项。这只是在注册表编辑器中打开注册表项，让您直接修改它。
- Process Explorer…是另一个有趣的选择。这使您可以在Process Explorer(Process Explorer –)中查看选定的应用程序-另一个SysInternals实用程序，它提供了正在运行的进程功能的详细分解。当然，这也需要您下载并运行 Process Explorer(download and run Process Explorer)，但额外的信息使其值得使用。
就是这样。您可以随意滚动浏览此列表，删除您认为不必要的任何启动条目。请注意，某些有用的实用程序有时也未经验证——例如，7zip——因此请确保在删除它们的Autoruns条目之前阅读程序的名称。
了解自动运行的各种选项(Tabs)卡(Autoruns)
让我们首先弄清楚一件事——无需了解任何有关选项卡的信息即可使用Autoruns。默认情况下，该工具在Everything选项卡中打开，其中包括从不同选项卡收集的所有启动条目。您可以轻松地从此列表中删除任何程序或恶意软件。
但是，如果您只想关注特定类别，则需要了解有关选项卡的更多信息。这就是本概述将为您提供帮助的地方。
- 登录(Logon)：这是Autoruns中要考虑的最重要的选项卡。此选项卡中显示了几乎(Almost)所有第三方应用程序。“登录(Logon)”选项卡从计算机上的各个位置获取信息，从“开始”菜单(Start Menu)到模糊的注册表(Registry)项，提供最全面的启动程序说明。
- 资源管理器：顾名思义，此选项卡仅记录与Windows 文件资源管理器(Windows File Explorer)相关的加载项。它们对启动的影响通常很小，尽管您当然应该查看列出的条目并删除任何无用的条目。
- Internet Explorer ：由于没有人真正使用(Internet Explorer)Internet Explorer ，所以现在这个几乎没用了。但在极少数情况下，您会在这里找到微软旧浏览器的各种扩展和工具栏。
- 计划任务(Tasks)：在登录(Logon)选项卡之后，这可能是要分析的最重要的选项卡。计划任务(Tasks)包括按照常规计划在特定时间激活的预设流程。虽然这使它成为设置重要更新和安全检查的好方法(a great way to set up important updates and security checks)，但它也是一种隐藏恶意软件的流行方法。
- 服务(Services)：分析一个棘手的选项卡，服务(Services)包括运行重要应用程序所需的经过验证的服务以及只会减慢 PC 速度的垃圾进程。浏览此列表中所有未经验证的条目，并删除您不需要的任何服务(remove any services you don’t need)。
- 司机：你应该保持这个标签不变。除非您知道自己在做什么，否则您可能会意外禁用关键驱动程序并在系统中创建错误。伪装成驱动程序的病毒很少见，应该由您的防病毒工具处理。
- 编解码器：另一个难以判断的选项卡。此列表中的条目通常对应于媒体播放所需的音频和视频编解码器。因此，删除正版编解码器可能会对您的 PC 播放这些文件的能力产生负面影响。我们建议不要弄乱这个。
- Boot Execute：可以安全地忽略此选项卡。Boot Execute包括要在系统仍在引导时运行的进程，其中包括硬盘扫描等。您可能会发现此选项卡是空的，因为在操作系统加载之前，即使病毒也无能为力。
- Image Hijacks：这个名字可能听起来有点阴险，但它是来之不易的。Image Hijacks 是注册表项，允许进程“劫持”另一个可执行文件，而是运行自己。基本上(Basically)，它可用于通过运行可执行文件来修改实际启动的程序。此列表中有任何条目的唯一原因是调试工具。否则，请删除您看到的任何内容。
- AppInit：AppInit是作为一次加载多个系统(AppInit)DLL(DLLs)的便捷方式而开始的。然而，随着时间的推移，它成为了恶意软件的主要目标，因为它们可以将自己的进程注入到每个运行时加载User32.dll的应用程序中。虽然较新版本的 Windows 在一定程度上减少了AppInit的漏洞，但它仍然是一个容易被滥用的功能。除非您有意使用此注册表项，否则最好删除您在此选项卡中遇到的所有内容。
上面介绍的选项卡是Autoruns中的主要选项卡。还有另一行选项卡，例如Known DLL(Known DLLs)、WinLogon、Winsock Providers、Print Monitors、LSA Providers、Network Providers、WMI和Office。
在大多数情况下，您不必担心这些选项卡，因为它们很少使用并且可能没有任何条目。这些选项卡中的任何程序都可能是附加组件或低级进程。
自动运行值得使用吗？
删除启动程序以改善启动时间和计算机性能的概念并不是什么新鲜事。唯一的问题是临时用户无法访问大多数所需的方法。
尽管有许多第三方工具(many third-party tools)可用，但它们通常无法找到所有类型的自动启动过程或使用复杂的用户界面。这就是Autoruns的用武之地。
Autoruns提供了一个易于使用的GUI界面，可以从(GUI)Windows 10和Windows 11中删除所有启动程序。它检测注册表(Registry)中所有启动位置的进程，提供计算机上自动启动应用程序的完整列表。
而且由于来自信誉良好的来源的进程已经标有已验证(Verified)标签，因此您可以快速找到无用的进程并通过单击将其从 PC 中删除。最好的部分是Autoruns是一个免费的便携式工具，因此您可以直接从笔式驱动器运行它，而无需安装任何东西。
How to Use Autoruns to Disable Startup Programs on Windows
There аre many reasons why yоur PC might not be running as smoothly as it uѕed to. The hard driνе might be deteriorating, the RAM could be developing problems, or perhaps the Windows operating system itself has issues.
But more often, a slow computer is caused by bloatware. This means many unnecessary applications start up automatically every time you boot up your computer, taking up system resources and slowing things down.
Thankfully, there is a way to easily remove these startup programs from your PC. Autoruns is a Windows utility that allows you to view and configure all automatically running processes from an easy-to-use GUI interface. The following is a short guide on how to use Autoruns to disable startup programs on your computer.
What Are Startup Programs and Why Are They a Problem?
Many applications and services are designed to autostart every time you boot up. For many essential services that’s a good thing, as crucial processes can get up and running without you having to manually start them up every time.
The problem lies with third-party startup applications. Many apps insert themselves into the list of startup processes, bloating up the otherwise limited lineup. And very rarely are these apps actually needed – after all, you can always run any application when you actually require it.
These startup programs increase the boot time apart from consuming memory and CPU cycles while your computer is running. And while you can disable a few of these programs from the Task Manager’s Startup tab, most startup processes aren’t even displayed there.
How to Disable Startup Programs With Autoruns
In contrast to other common methods to disable startup programs (Windows registry editing, PowerShell scripts, etc) Autoruns is rather easy to use. Even among other startup monitor utilities, Autoruns stands out due to its cleaner interface and comprehensive coverage.
- To get started with Autoruns, download the tool from Sysinternals.
- As it is a portable application, just extract the downloaded zip file.
- Run Autoruns.exe for 32-bit computers and Autoruns64.exe for 64-bit computers. The utility will immediately scan your computer for startup items and start displaying them on a list.
- System processes from Microsoft Windows or graphic card manufacturers like Nvidia sport the Verified tag, allowing you to separate the essential tasks. Third-party processes are also color-coded with a purple shade, so you can spot them easily.
- To remove any of the processes from the startup folder, right-click on its entry and select Delete. Autoruns will take care of deleting its registry key and removing it from the Windows startup folder.
- There are other useful options in this menu as well. Advanced users, for example, would like the Jump to Entry… option. This simply opens the registry key in the registry editor, letting you modify it directly.
- The Process Explorer… is another interesting option. This lets you view the selected app in the Process Explorer – another SysInternals utility that gives a detailed breakdown of the functioning of a running process. Of course, this requires you to download and run Process Explorer too, but the extra information makes it worth using.
And that’s it. You can scroll through this list at leisure, removing any startup entries you feel are unnecessary. Note that some useful utilities are sometimes unverified as well – for example, 7zip – so make sure to read the names of the programs before deleting their Autoruns entry.
Understanding the Various Tabs of Autoruns
Let us make one thing clear first – it is not necessary to know anything about the tabs to be able to use Autoruns. By default, the tool opens in the Everything tab, which includes all the startup entries collected from different tabs. You can easily remove any program or malware from this list.
But if you want to focus on specific categories only, you need to know more about the tabs. And that’s where this overview will help you.
- Logon: This is the most important tab to consider in Autoruns. Almost all third-party applications are represented in this tab. The Logon tab sources its information from various locations on your computer, from the Start Menu to obscure Registry keys, giving the most comprehensive accounting of startup programs.
- Explorer: As the name suggests, this tab only records add-ons related to the Windows File Explorer. Their bootup impact is usually minimal, though you should of course take a look at the listed entries and delete any that aren’t useful.
- Internet Explorer: This one is mostly useless these days since no one really uses Internet Explorer. But in the rare chance that you do, this is where you will find all sorts of extensions and toolbars to Microsoft’s old browser.
- Scheduled Tasks: After the Logon tab, this is perhaps the most important tab to analyze. Scheduled Tasks include preset processes that activate at certain times following a regular schedule. While this makes it a great way to set up important updates and security checks, it’s also a popular method of hiding malware.
- Services: A tricky tab to analyze, Services includes both verified services necessary for running important applications as well as junk processes that only slow down your PC. Go through all the unverified entries in this list, and remove any services you don’t need.
- Drivers: You should mostly leave this tab untouched. Unless you know what you are doing, you might accidentally end up disabling a key driver and creating a bug in your system. Viruses masquerading as drivers are rare and should be taken care of by your antivirus tool.
- Codecs: Another difficult tab to judge. Entries on this list usually correspond to audio and video codecs necessary for media playback. As such, deleting a genuine codec can negatively impact your PC’s ability to play these files. We would recommend not messing with this one.
- Boot Execute: This tab can be safely ignored. Boot Execute includes processes to be run while the system is still being booted, which includes things like a hard drive scan. You’ll probably find this tab empty, as even viruses cannot do much before the operating system has loaded.
- Image Hijacks: The name might sound a bit sinister, but it’s well earned. Image Hijacks are registry keys that allow a process to “hijack” another executable, running itself instead. Basically, it can be used to modify which program is actually launched by running an executable. The only reason to have any entries on this list is for a debugging tool. Otherwise, delete anything you see.
- AppInit: AppInit started as a convenient way to load multiple system DLLs at once. In time, however, it became the primary target of malware, as they could inject their own processes into every app that loads the User32.dll upon running. While newer versions of Windows have reduced the vulnerability of AppInit somewhat, it still remains an easily misused feature. Unless you are deliberately using this registry key, it’s a good idea to delete everything you encounter in this tab.
The tabs covered above are the principal tabs in Autoruns. There is another row of tabs like Known DLLs, WinLogon, Winsock Providers, Print Monitors, LSA Providers, Network Providers, WMI, and Office.
For the most part, you don’t have to worry about these tabs, as they are rarely used and are likely to be devoid of any entries. Any programs in these tabs are likely to be add-ons or low-level processes.
Is Autoruns Worth Using?
The concept of removing startup programs to improve boot times and computer performance is nothing new. The only problem is that most of the methods required to do that aren’t accessible to casual users.
And while many third-party tools are available, they often fail to locate all types of autostart processes or sport a complicated user interface. That’s where Autoruns comes in.
Autoruns provides an easy-to-use GUI interface to remove all startup programs from Windows 10 and Windows 11. It detects processes in all startup locations in the Registry, giving a complete rundown of autostart applications on your computer.
And since processes from reputable sources are already marked with a Verified tag, you can quickly hunt down the useless processes and delete them from your PC with a click. The best part is that Autoruns is a free portable tool, so you can run it straight from a pen drive without having to install anything.
