macOS 计算机上的Finder部分可直接与Windows中的文件资源管理器相媲美(comparable to the File Explorer)。它是您的文件的存储位置，包括操作系统文件。因此，作为计算机的重要组成部分，当Finder在它的一个怪异时刻关闭时，它可能会非常令人恼火。
无论命令不起作用，还是Finder只是崩溃，尝试解决问题的最快方法是退出Finder并重新启动它。最常见的方法是打开终端(Terminal)窗口并输入：
killall Finder
然后按回车。但是，问题在于，当Finder关闭时，它将自动重新启动(it will automatically relaunch)，就像您使用Command + Option + EscFinder一样。
无论出于何种原因，您可能希望Finder在不重新启动的情况下关闭。例如，如果您要关闭计算机，它首先必须关闭所有打开的程序。过去我曾遇到过Finder拒绝关闭导致计算机无法正常关闭的情况。
通过在Finder(Finder)菜单中添加“退出 Finder(Quit Finder) ”选项，您可以轻松快速地关闭Finder并防止其重新启动。此菜单选项实际上已经存在，但默认情况下它是隐藏的。
因此，通过执行以下操作，您真正要做的就是取消屏蔽该选项并激活它。然后，如果Finder随后出现故障并让您感到悲伤，只需单击退出选项并关闭Finder，直到您最终需要再次使用它。
要取消屏蔽并激活Quit Finder选项，请打开
终端(Terminal)并键入以下内容：
defaults write com.apple.finder QuitMenuItem -bool YES
然后按回车键。然后重置Finder，输入：
killall Finder
然后按回车键。请注意，您必须键入带有大写 F 而不是小写 f 的Finder 。否则(Otherwise)，它将无法正常工作。
现在，如果您查看Finder菜单，您将在底部看到Quit
选项，以及它的键盘快捷键 ( Command + Q )。
通常当Finder运行（或任何程序）时，它旁边会有一个小点。
单击“退出 Finder”菜单选项后，那个小点就会消失，所有Finder窗口都将关闭。
要重新打开Finder，您只需单击Dock中的(Dock)Finder图标。有时需要第二次单击。
如果出于任何原因您想稍后
从Finder菜单中删除退出(Finder)Finder选项，只需重复终端(Terminal)命令，但将末尾的YES替换为 NO。(YES)
defaults write com.apple.finder QuitMenuItem -bool NO
这是那些看起来微不足道和不重要的小事之一，但当你的Mac电脑开始行动时，你很快就会意识到这一点很有价值。
How To Add a Menu Shortcut To Shutdown MacOS Finder
The Finder section on a macOS computer is directly comparable to the File Explorer in Windows. It is where your files are stored, including the operating system files. So as an essential part of the computer, it can be pretty irritating when the Finder goes off on one of its freakout moments.
Whether a command is not working, or the Finder is just crashing, the quickest way to try and resolve the problem is to quit the Finder and restart it. The most common way of doing this is to open the Terminal window and type :
killall Finder
Then press return. The problem, though, is that when Finder shuts down, it will automatically relaunch as it would if you were to alternatively force-quit Finder by using the Command + Option + Esc key combination.
For whatever reason, you may want Finder to shut down without
it relaunching. For example, if you are trying to shut down your computer, it
first has to shut down all open programs. I have had instances in the past
where Finder refused to shut down and so the computer couldn’t shut down
normally.
You can easily and quickly shut down Finder and prevent it from relaunching by adding a “Quit Finder” option to the Finder menu. This menu option is actually already there but by default it is hidden.
So by doing the following, all you are really doing is unmasking the option and activating it. Then if Finder is subsequently acting up and causing you grief, just click the quit option and shut Finder down until you finally need to use it again.
To unmask and activate the Quit Finder option, open up
Terminal and type the following :
defaults write com.apple.finder QuitMenuItem -bool YES
Then hit the enter/return key. Then to reset Finder, type :
killall Finder
And hit enter/return. Note you must type Finder with an uppercase F and not a lowercase f. Otherwise, it won’t work.
Now if you check out the Finder menu, you will see the Quit
option at the bottom, along with its keyboard shortcut (Command + Q).
Usually when Finder is running (or any program for that
matter), you have a small dot next to it.
Once you click the “Quit Finder” menu option, that small dot disappears and all Finder windows will shut down.
To re-open Finder, you just need to click on the Finder icon
in the Dock. Sometimes a second click is required.
And if for any reason you want to later remove the Quit
Finder option from the Finder menu, just repeat the Terminal command, but
replace YES at the end with NO instead.
defaults write com.apple.finder QuitMenuItem -bool NO
This is one of those little things that look minor and unimportant, but something you quickly realize is valuable when your Mac computer starts to act up.
