当您的Mac、MacBook Air或MacBook Pro屏幕开始出现竖线、水平线或屏幕闪烁时，这可能是一种令人毛骨悚然的体验。不过，先别惊慌；也许你可以做点什么。
本指南将引导您了解修复MacBook、i Mac或任何Mac屏幕的技巧。我们将探讨导致这些线条的原因以及如何消除它们。
了解线条(Lines)：垂直(Vertical)和水平(Horizontal)
(Vertical)Mac屏幕上的垂直或水平彩色线条或黑色线条可能看起来像是随机出现的，但它们通常源于多种根本原因：
- 显卡(Graphics) 问题(Card Issues)：有时，垂直线来自GPU（图形(Graphics) 处理单元(Processing Unit)）错误。Mac中的显卡可能已过时（如果仅在较新的软件中出现故障），或其驱动程序可能需要软件更新。在更严重的情况下，GPU可能会过热或出现故障。不太可能涉及过热的CPU（中央处理单元），而且在较新的(Central Processing Unit)Mac(Macs)中，这些组件无论如何都位于同一芯片封装中。
- T-Con 板故障(T-Con Board Malfunction)：T-Con板或时序控制器(Timing Controller)负责协调进入LCD 的(LCD)信号。发生故障的T-Con板可能会导致垂直线条，因为它难以正确处理复杂的数据流。
- 主板问题(Motherboard Issues)：主板的缺陷或故障可能会导致垂直线条。任何轻微的损坏都会干扰整个系统，导致各种显示问题。
- 软件故障(Glitches)：有时，垂直线可能是由软件故障引起的。不兼容的软件更新或冲突的应用程序可能会破坏正常的渲染过程，从而导致这些神秘的线条。
- 硬件(Hardware) 问题(Problems)：从磨损的电线到烧断的屏幕组件，有时会出现物理损坏，需要维修和更换。
- LCD损坏：MacBook Pro显示屏或其他Mac设备中的(Mac)LCD（液晶显示屏(Liquid Crystal Display)）可能会遭受物理损坏或磨损。
有时，可能会出现垂直线和水平线的组合。这可能意味着更严重的潜在问题，可能涉及多个硬件组件，例如主板、T-Con板或显卡。
现在我们已经对可能导致Mac屏幕上出现线条的问题有了一定的了解，让我们看看一些解决方案。
重新启动你的Mac
在我们开始深入诊断之前，请先关闭您的Mac。稍等片刻，然后再次通电。有时，简单的重新启动即可清除故障并解决问题。
这也是一个很好的机会来查看这些线条是否从屏幕打开时就可见，或者它们是否仅在 macOS Apple徽标出现时才出现。如果它们没有立即可见，则可能是软件问题，但这目前还不是明确的线索。
重置 SMC、NVRAM 和 PRAM
重置NVRAM（非易失性随机存取存储器）和SMC（系统管理控制器(System Management Controller)）通常可以修复MacBook和其他与 Mac 相关的硬件问题。
如果您想了解有关此过程以及执行此过程时实际发生的情况的详细信息，请参阅如何在 Mac 上重置 NVRAM、PRAM 和 SMC(How To Reset NVRAM, PRAM & SMC On Your Mac)。
安全模式和软件更新
在安全模式下，您的Mac仅加载必要的系统驱动程序和软件。如果问题与软件相关，您在安全模式(Safe Mode)下不会看到视觉故障。因此，请考虑更新 macOS 甚至执行恢复出厂设置。
如果您的Mac无法启动进入安全模式(Safe Mode)，您想了解如何启动，或者想了解有关此特殊模式的更多信息，请查看如何在安全模式下启动和使用 Mac(How to Boot Up and Use a Mac in Safe Mode)。
连接外部显示器
如果线条仍然存在，请使用HDMI线缆将(HDMI)Mac连接到外部显示器。如果外接显示器上也出现这些线条，则您可能面临GPU或主板问题。
如果您的Mac没有HDMI端口或者您想排除HDMI连接器的问题，
您还可以使用USB转HDMI或DisplayPort线缆。(DisplayPort)
检查是否过热
您的Mac可能过热，这可能会导致屏幕闪烁、垂直线条或水平线条等问题。
保持通风口畅通且清洁，确保通风良好。考虑使用散热垫或干脆将Mac(Mac)关闭一段时间以进行冷却。如果您所在的地方很热，您可能需要给周围环境降温。
如果您的Mac出现散热问题，您可能需要将其打开并清除风扇上的灰尘。对于较旧的机器，处理器和散热器之间的热界面材料可能已过期，在这种情况下，您可能需要更换新材料。在某些情况下，可能需要更换散热器(heatsink might have to be replaced)。鉴于现代Mac(Macs)的设计方式，我们不建议您自行执行任何操作；最好留给专业人士。
检查(Inspect Recent Changes)系统(System)偏好设置
中的最新更改
有时，问题可能很简单，只是系统偏好设置中的设置不正确。
导航(Navigate)至 Mac 的系统偏好设置并检查最近可能导致显示问题的任何更改。纠正这些设置可能会使这些线条消失。
您是否(Are)使用外部显示器，而这就是给您带来问题的面板？仔细检查(Double-check)显示器正式支持的分辨率和刷新率，以便该显示器的 Mac 显示设置（转到Apple Button > System Settings > Displays）正确。
截图
如果您需要澄清问题是与 Mac 的硬件还是软件有关，则屏幕截图可能是一个简洁的诊断工具。
截取屏幕截图（Shift + Command + 3）并检查捕获的图像中是否出现线条。如果没有，您可能遇到硬件问题。显然，您应该在完全不同的设备（例如 iPhone）上查看屏幕截图。
检查外部显示器连接(Examine External Display Connections)
如果您在Mac(Mac)上使用外接显示器，则HDMI或其他电缆连接松动或损坏可能会导致线路出现问题。
检查Mac和外接显示器之间的所有连接。尝试使用不同的电缆或连接到另一个外部显示器来诊断问题。
HDMI等数字电缆格式出现与物理损坏相关的故障的情况并不常见。通常，它要么工作，要么不起作用，但如果您使用较旧的连接器类型进行连接，例如 15 针VGA连接器（许多投影仪或较旧的大幅面商用显示器仍在使用），则可以使用松动的针连接器或损坏的内部电缆会产生各种奇怪的效果。
重新安装 macOS
在极少数情况下，重新安装 macOS 可能会解决导致显示问题的底层软件冲突。
首先备份您的数据！然后，重新启动Mac并在启动过程中按住Command + R按照说明重新安装 macOS。有关详细信息（我们强烈建议您先阅读），请参阅如何硬重置 Mac OS X 计算机并重新安装操作系统(How To Hard Reset a Mac OS X Computer & Reinstall The OS)。
运行 Apple Diagnostics(Run Apple Diagnostics)（以前称为Apple Hardware Test）
Apple 的内置诊断工具可以深入了解可能导致显示问题的原因。
确保您的Mac已更新至最新版本的 macOS。然后，关闭计算机。
如果您使用的是较旧的Intel Mac，请执行以下操作：
- 打开Mac，然后按住键盘上的 D 键。
- 看到进度条出现后松开 D 键。
如果您使用的是 M1 或更新的Apple Silicon Mac，则过程略有不同：
- 在Mac关闭的情况下，按住电源按钮（这是MacBook上的(MacBooks)Touch ID按钮）。
- 当您看到启动选项(Options)出现时，立即松开电源按钮。
- 按住Command + D运行诊断。
测试结束后，结果将让您知道是否存在任何硬件问题。
苹果的测试相当全面，但总有一些硬件问题无法检测出来，所以仅仅因为你得到了全部清除并不意味着100%不是硬件问题; 它只是让这种可能性变得更小。
重置 Mac 的显示设置
如果显示设置已更改，将其重置为默认值可能会解决问题。
转至“系统设置”(System Settings)下的“显示”(Displays)，然后选择“默认”(Default)选项以重置为标准设置。
请记住，正如我们上面提到的，如果默认检测到的设置不正确并导致问题，则问题仍然可能与图像设置相关，只是不是以您期望的方式。
检查是否有物理损坏
屏幕、内部电缆或连接器的物理损坏可能会导致许多问题。肉眼可能并不总是明显的，但请检查屏幕是否有裂缝、痕迹、变形或任何其他看起来不寻常的东西。
如果触摸屏幕或打开 MacBook 的铰链时，屏幕上的线条或其他视觉伪影发生变化，则几乎可以肯定(MacBook)面板或将其内部连接到主板的电缆存在问题。
屏幕烧屏(Burn-In)：罕见(Rare)但可能的罪魁祸首(Possible Culprit)
虽然通常与较旧的显示技术或OLED技术相关，但在极少数情况下，屏幕烧屏仍然可能是Mac屏幕上出现令人困惑的线条的原因。当静态图像长时间保留在屏幕上，导致其“烧毁”到显示屏上时，就会发生屏幕烧屏。
这是一个漫长的过程，如果你出现了烧屏现象（更正确的说法是图像残留），除了忍受它或更换屏幕之外，你只能做一点点事情。
联系Apple 支持(Apple Support)或服务提供商(Service Provider)
我们上面描述的相当多的问题并不是点击几下鼠标就能解决的，任何需要硬件维修的问题都必须返回Apple或经过认证的技术人员，他们可以解决这些通常难以解决的问题。修理机器。如果您的Mac仍在标准保修或延长保修期内，请毫不犹豫地将其退回，因为如果故障无法修复，他们会很乐意更换整台计算机。
How to Get Rid of Vertical or Horizontal Lines on Your Mac
When your Mac, MacBook Air, or MaсΒook Pro screen starts acting υp with vertical lines, horizontal lines, or screen flіckering, it can be a hair-pulling experience. Don’t panic quitе yet, thоυgh; there may be something yоυ can do.
This guide will walk you through tips to fix your MacBook, iMac, or any Mac screen. We’ll explore what causes these lines and what you can do to eliminate them.
Understanding the Lines: Vertical and Horizontal
Vertical or horizontal colored lines or black lines on your Mac screen might seem like a random occurrence, but they usually stem from a variety of underlying causes:
- Graphics Card Issues: Sometimes, vertical lines come from GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) errors. The graphics card in your Mac might be outdated (if glitches only happen with newer software), or its driver might need a software update. In more severe cases, the GPU could be overheating or failing. An overheating CPU (Central Processing Unit) is unlikely to be involved, and in newer Macs, these components are both in the same chip package anyway.
- T-Con Board Malfunction: The T-Con board, or Timing Controller, orchestrates the signals going into the LCD. A malfunctioning T-Con board can result in vertical lines as it struggles to handle complex data streams correctly.
- Motherboard Issues: A defect or fault in the motherboard can cause vertical lines. Any minor damage can interfere with the entire system, leading to various display problems.
- Software Glitches: Occasionally, vertical lines might result from software glitches. An incompatible software update or a conflicting application can disrupt the normal rendering process, leading to these mysterious lines.
- Hardware Problems: From frayed wires to blown screen components, sometimes things are physically broken and need repair and replacement.
- LCD Damage: The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) in your MacBook Pro display or other Mac devices could suffer from physical damage or wear and tear.
Sometimes, a combination of vertical and horizontal lines may appear. This can signify more severe underlying problems, possibly involving multiple hardware components, like the motherboard, T-Con board, or graphics card.
Now that we have a fair idea of the problems that could result in lines appearing on your Mac screen let’s look at some solutions.
Restart Your Mac
Before we begin diving into diagnostics, shut down your Mac. Wait a moment, and then power it up again. Sometimes, a simple restart clears glitches and resolves the issue.
This is also a good opportunity to see if the lines are visible right from when the screen turns on or if they only appear once the macOS Apple logo appears. If they aren’t immediately visible, it can be a software issue, but that’s not a definitive clue for now.
Reset SMC, NVRAM, & PRAM
Resetting the NVRAM (non-volatile random-access memory) and SMC (System Management Controller) can often fix MacBook and other Mac-related hardware issues.
If you want detailed information about this process and what actually happens when you do it, refer to How To Reset NVRAM, PRAM & SMC On Your Mac.
Safe Mode & Software Update
In safe mode, your Mac only loads the necessary system drivers and software. If the problem is software-related, you won’t see the visual glitches in Safe Mode. So consider updating macOS or even performing a factory reset.
If your Mac doesn’t boot into Safe Mode, you’d like to know how, or you’d like to know more about this special mode, check out How to Boot Up and Use a Mac in Safe Mode.
Connect an External Monitor
If the lines persist, connect your Mac to an external display using an HDMI cable. If the lines appear on the external monitor, too, you could be facing a GPU or motherboard issue.
You can also use a USB to HDMI or DisplayPort cable if your Mac doesn’t have an HDMI port or you want to rule out the HDMI connector as the issue.
Check for Overheating
Your Mac could be overheating, which might cause issues like screen flickering, vertical lines, or horizontal lines.
Ensure proper ventilation by keeping the vents unblocked and clean. Consider using a cooling pad or simply shutting down your Mac for some time to cool down. You may have to cool down your environment if you’re somewhere hot.
If your Mac suffers from thermal issues, you may have to open it up and clean the dust from the fans. For older machines, the thermal interface material between the processors and heatsink may be past its expiry date, in which case you may have to change it for fresh material. In some cases, the heatsink might have to be replaced. Given how modern Macs are designed, we don’t recommend doing any of this yourself; it’s best left to a pro.
Inspect Recent Changes in System Preferences
Sometimes, the issue might be as simple as an incorrect setting within system preferences.
Navigate to your Mac’s system preferences and inspect any recent changes that might have caused the display problem. Correcting these settings may make those lines vanish.
Are you using an external display, and that’s the panel that’s giving you problems? Double-check which resolutions and refresh rates the monitor officially supports so that your Mac’s display settings for that monitor (go to Apple Button > System Settings > Displays) are correct.
Take a Screenshot
A screenshot can be a neat diagnostic tool if you need clarification on whether the issue is with your Mac’s hardware or software.
Take a screenshot (Shift + Command + 3) and check whether the lines appear in the captured image. If they don’t, you likely have a hardware issue guiding. Obviously, you should view the screenshot on an entirely different device, such as an iPhone.
Examine External Display Connections
If you use an external monitor with your Mac, a loose or damaged HDMI or other cable connection might be causing the lines.
Check all connections between your Mac and the external display. Try using a different cable or connect to another external monitor to diagnose the problem.
It’s not that common for digital cable formats such as HDMI to have glitches related to physical damage. Usually, it either works or it doesn’t, but if you’re connecting using an older connector type such as a 15-pin VGA connector (still used by many projectors or older large format business displays), then a loose pin connector or damaged internal cable can create all sorts of weird effects.
Reinstall macOS
In some rare cases, reinstalling macOS might resolve underlying software conflicts causing the display issues.
Back up your data first! Then, restart your Mac and hold Command + R during startup. Follow the instructions to reinstall macOS. For detailed information (and we strongly recommend you read it first), refer to How To Hard Reset a Mac OS X Computer & Reinstall The OS.
Run Apple Diagnostics (Formerly Apple Hardware Test)
Apple’s built-in diagnostics tool can provide insights into what might be causing your display issues.
Ensure your Mac is updated to the latest version of macOS. Then, shut the computer down.
If you’re using an older Intel Mac, here’s what to do:
- Turn on your Mac, then hold the D key on the keyboard.
- Release the D key once you see a progress bar appear.
If you’re using an M1 or newer Apple Silicon Mac, the process is a little different:
- With your Mac turned off, press and hold the power button (this is the Touch ID button on MacBooks).
- When you see Startup Options appear, immediately release the power button.
- Press and hold Command + D to run the diagnostics.
Once this test is over, the results will let you know if there are any hardware issues.
Apple’s test is pretty comprehensive, but there are always some hardware issues that can’t be detected, so just because you get an all-clear doesn’t mean 100% it’s not a hardware issue; it just makes it much less likely.
Reset Your Mac’s Display Settings
If display settings have been altered, resetting them to default might solve the problem.
Go to Displays under System Settings and select the Default option to reset to standard settings.
Just remember that, as we mentioned above, if the default detected settings are incorrect and causing the problem, the issue could still be image setting related, just not in the way you’d expect.
Inspect for Physical Damage
Physical damage to the screen, internal cables, or connectors can cause many issues. It may not always be apparent to the naked eye, but check the screen for cracks, marks, deformation, or anything else that looks out of the ordinary.
If the lines or other visual artifacts on the screen change when you touch the screen or open the hinge in the case of a MacBook, it’s almost certainly a problem with the panel or the cables that connect it internally to the motherboard.
Screen Burn-In: A Rare but Possible Culprit
While often associated with older display technologies or OLED technology, screen burn-in could still, in rare instances, be responsible for those perplexing lines on your Mac screen. Screen burn-in occurs when a static image remains on the screen for a prolonged period, causing it to “burn” into the display.
This is a long shot, and if you have burn-in (more correctly known as image retention), there’s only a little you can do about it other than live with it or have your screen replaced.
Contact Apple Support or Service Provider
A fair number of the issues we described above aren’t something you can fix with a few mouse clicks, and any problems that require hardware repair have to go back to Apple or to a certified technician who can work on these often difficult-to-repair machines. If your Mac is still under the standard or extended warranty, don’t hesitate to take it back since they’ll happily replace the entire computer if the fault can’t be repaired.
