我家中的一台Windows XP计算机今天因错误“ (error “)Ntfs.sys 丢失或损坏(Missing or corrupt Ntfs.sys)”而崩溃，并且无法通过初始BIOS 屏幕(BIOS screen)。
我最终让它恢复并运行，而无需格式化计算机，但它花了一点时间而且不是很简单。因此，如果您收到此错误，请按照以下步骤进行修复。
您从Windows获得的确切错误消息(error message)是：
Windows could not start because the following file is missing or corrupt: System32\Drivers\Ntfs.sys
当您在Google中搜索ntfs.sys 丢失或损坏时，第一个结果来自Microsoft 支持(Microsoft Support)。特别是，它指出当您将硬盘从FAT转换为NTFS时，您可能会收到此消息。
我的情况并非如此。我试图运行碎片整理程序，但它在中间冻结了。重新启动后，我收到此消息。
我将首先解释他们的方法，这对我不起作用，然后是其他两种可能的方法来解决这个问题。
使用故障恢复控制台(Recovery Console)替换 Ntfs.sys(Replace Ntfs.sys)
将(Pop)您的Windows CD插入计算机并(computer and boot)在提示“按任意键从 CD 启动(Press any key to boot from CD)”时从 CD 启动。
出现欢迎屏幕(Welcome screen)时，按R选择要使用故障恢复控制台修复 Windows XP 安装，请按 R(To repair a Windows XP installation using Recovery Console, press R)选项。
接下来，键入要从故障恢复控制台(Recovery Console)登录的安装编号。您还需要知道管理员密码(administrator password)才能进入命令提示符(command prompt)。
现在您在命令提示符下(command prompt)，您需要输入以下DOS命令，在每个命令后按Enter ：
cd \windows\system32\drivers
ren ntfs.sys ntfs.old
这基本上将当前的ntfs.sys 文件(ntfs.sys file)重命名为其他文件，以便我们可以用一个希望不会损坏的新文件替换它。现在输入以下命令：
copy cd:\i386\ntfs.sys drive:\windows\system32\drivers
其中cd是装有Windows XP CD的(Windows XP CD)CD-ROM 驱动器(CD-ROM drive)的盘符，而drive是安装Windows XP的驱动器（很可能是 C:）。
而已！现在继续并取出CD 并键入(CD and type) quit。重新启动您的计算机，看看您是否能够重新登录Windows！
使用 CHKDSK 修复 Ntfs.sys 错误
由于某种原因，上述方法对我不起作用！我认为这是因为文件本身不是问题，而是硬盘驱动器存在一些问题。因此，在尝试从CD 复制新的ntfs.sys 文件(ntfs.sys file)并失败(CD and failing)后，我想我会尝试运行CHKDSK。
您可以从故障恢复控制台(Recovery Console)本身运行CHKDSK 。按照与上述相同的说明进行操作，但不要键入上面的三个DOS命令，而是在命令提示符(command prompt)处键入以下内容：
CHKDSK /R
/R 是一个命令行开关(command line switch)，表示自动修复在硬盘上发现的任何错误。CHKDSK可能需要相当长的时间才能运行，因此请准备好等待。在我的电脑上花了大约 30 分钟。
对我来说幸运的是，磁盘(disk and CHKDSK)上有几个错误，CHKDSK将它们全部修复。我重新启动计算机，Windows(computer and Windows)加载正常，没有丢失 ntfs.sys 错误！
(Repair Ntfs.sys)通过 Windows XP的修复安装(Repair Install)修复 Ntfs.sys
如果上述方法都不起作用，您可以尝试对Windows XP进行(Windows XP)修复安装(repair install)。这基本上用原始文件替换了所有Windows 系统文件，同时保持您的应用程序和设置完好无损。(Windows system)但是，您必须重新应用所有Windows更新。
进行修复安装(repair install)非常容易。按照相同的步骤进入故障恢复控制台(Recovery Console)，但不要按 R 进行修复，而是按Enter设置 Windows。
然后选择要修复的安装并按R开始修复。
请注意， Windows(Windows)可能看起来实际上是在重新安装自身的新副本，但事实并非如此！您会看到安装屏幕，就好像您要进行全新安装一样，但不用担心(t worry)，安装完成后您仍将拥有所有应用程序、设置和数据。
希望(Hopefully)你现在有一台可以工作的电脑！如果您在某个地方遇到困难等，请发表评论，我会尝试。享受！
How to Fix "Missing or corrupt NTFS.sys" Error in Windows XP
One оf my Windowѕ XP computers аt home crashed today wіth the error “Missing or corrupt Ntfs.sys” and would not get past the initial BIOS screen.
I eventually got it back up and running without having to format the computer, but it took a little while and it wasn’t very straightforward. So if you are getting this error, here are the steps you can take to fix it.
The exact error message that you get from Windows is:
Windows could not start because the following file is missing or corrupt: System32\Drivers\Ntfs.sys
When you do a search in Google for ntfs.sys is missing or corrupt, the first result is from Microsoft Support. In particular, it states that you might get this message when you convert your hard disk from FAT to NTFS.
This was not the case in my situation. I tried to run defragmenter and it froze in the middle. After restarting, I got this message.
I’ll explain their method first, which did not work for me, and then two other possible methods to fix this issue.
Use the Recovery Console to Replace Ntfs.sys
Pop in your Windows CD into the computer and boot off the CD when prompted to “Press any key to boot from CD“.
When the Welcome screen appears, press R to select the To repair a Windows XP installation using Recovery Console, press R option.
Next, type the number for the installation you want to logon to from the Recovery Console. You’ll also need to know the administrator password in order to get to the command prompt.
Now that you are at the command prompt, you need to enter in the following DOS commands, pressing Enter after each one:
cd \windows\system32\drivers
ren ntfs.sys ntfs.old
This basically renames the current ntfs.sys file to something else so that we can replace it with a new one that hopefully is not corrupted. Now type in the following command:
copy cd:\i386\ntfs.sys drive:\windows\system32\drivers
Where cd is the drive letter for the CD-ROM drive that has your Windows XP CD and drive is the drive where you installed Windows XP (most likely C:).
That’s it! Now go ahead and remove the CD and type quit. Restart your computer and see if you are able to log back into Windows!
Fix Ntfs.sys error by using CHKDSK
For some reason the above-mentioned method did not work for me! I think it was because the file itself was not an issue, but that there were some issues with the hard drive. So after trying to copy the new ntfs.sys file from the CD and failing, I thought I would try to run CHKDSK.
You can run CHKDSK from the Recovery Console itself. Follow the same instructions as mentioned above, but instead of typing in the three DOS commands above, type the following at the command prompt:
CHKDSK /R
The /R is a command line switch that says to repair any errors that are found on the hard disk automatically. CHKDSK can take quite some time to run, so be ready to wait. It took about 30 minutes on my computer.
Luckily for me, there were several errors on the disk and CHKDSK fixed them all. I restarted the computer and Windows loaded fine, no missing ntfs.sys error!
Repair Ntfs.sys via Repair Install of Windows XP
If none of the above-mentioned methods worked, you can try to do a repair install of Windows XP. This basically replaces all of the Windows system files with the originals while leaving your applications and settings intact. However, you will have to reapply all Windows updates.
Doing a repair install is pretty easy. Follow the same steps to get into the Recovery Console, but instead of pressing R to repair, press Enter to setup Windows.
Then you select the installation you want to repair and press R to start the repair.
Note that it may look like Windows is actually reinstalling a fresh copy of itself, but this is not the case! You’ll see the install screens as if you were to do a fresh install, but don’t worry, you’ll still have all of your applications, settings, and data when it finishes.
Hopefully you now have a working computer! If you are getting stuck somewhere, etc, post a comment and I’ll try. Enjoy!
