当您连接内部硬盘驱动器 ( HDD )、固态驱动器 (SSD)(solid-state drive (SSD))或任何外部驱动器(external drive)时，Windows应自动为您设置。不幸的是，这并不总是发生，有时甚至您现有的驱动器也可能从系统中消失。在任何一种情况下，许多问题都会阻止硬盘驱动器出现在Windows 10上。
一个常见问题是物理数据或电源连接。如果不是这种情况，也许您的硬盘驱动器没有分配的驱动器号，这就是它没有出现在文件资源管理器中的原因（也许您忘记格式化硬盘驱动器(format your hard drive)？）。
当您的硬盘驱动器未显示在Windows上时，您可以执行几个故障排除步骤。本文将向您展示如何使用Windows 10的磁盘管理(Disk Management)和设备管理器(Device Manager)工具以及更多提示来修复它。
物理故障排除
在调整各种系统设置之前，您应该确保您的硬盘驱动器处于工作状态并正确连接。请按照以下故障排除步骤进行操作：
- 确保(Make)硬盘驱动器已正确连接到您的计算机并且已通电。
- 检查将驱动器连接到主板和电源的数据线和电源线。尝试不同的SATA端口并使用不同的SATA电缆。在进入机箱之前拔下计算机的电源线。
- 卸下硬盘驱动器并使用另一台计算机对其进行测试。
- 如果您有另一个硬盘驱动器，请连接它以查看Windows是否会自动检测并设置它。
- 转到计算机的BIOS 设置(BIOS settings)并检查您的计算机是否完全检测到硬盘驱动器。
一旦确定这不是与硬件相关的问题，您可以尝试以下修复之一。
(Fix Hard Drive)使用设备管理器(Device Manager)修复硬盘驱动器未显示
当您的硬盘未显示在文件资源(File Explorer)管理器或磁盘管理(Disk Management)工具中时，通常意味着它已被禁用。要启用硬盘驱动器，我们将使用设备管理器(Device Manager)。
使用 Windows 的搜索栏搜索设备管理器或在控制面板(Device Manager)中(Control Panel)找到它。打开它并找到磁盘驱动器(Disk drives )部分。
展开 Disk Drives(Expand Disk Drives)，找到您的硬盘驱动器，右键单击它并从菜单中选择Properties 。
在“属性(Properties)”面板中，选择“驱动程序(Driver)”选项卡，然后单击“启用设备(Enable Device )”按钮。
单击确定，(OK,)您的硬盘驱动器应该会变得可见。
(Fix Hard Drive)使用磁盘管理(Disk Management)修复硬盘驱动器未显示
如果您的内部硬盘驱动器仍未显示在Windows 10上，您应该使用磁盘管理(Disk Management)工具按照以下步骤操作：
使硬盘联机(Bring Hard Drive Online)
使用Windows 10搜索栏搜索磁盘管理。(Disk Management)最上面的结果应该是Create and format hard disk partitions。单击它以打开磁盘管理(Disk Management)工具。或者，您可以按Windows键 + X并从列表中选择磁盘管理。(Disk Management)
您现在应该会看到一个包含所有硬盘驱动器的面板。查找标记为脱机的那个，右键单击它并从菜单中选择联机。(Online)这将使驱动器联机。
如果您在某个时候正确配置了硬盘驱动器，您现在应该可以在文件资源管理器(File Explorer)中看到它。如果不是，请继续执行后续步骤。
初始化硬盘(Initialize Hard Drive)
使驱动器联机后，返回磁盘管理(Disk Management)工具，右键单击驱动器，然后从菜单中选择初始化磁盘。(Initialize Disk)
这将打开一个菜单，您需要在其中确保选择了要初始化的磁盘。另外，检查GPT分区样式。
如果您的驱动器是第一次初始化，它仍然不会出现在文件资源管理器(File Explorer)中。这是因为您的硬盘驱动器必须进行格式化。
驱动器分区配置(Drive Partition Configuration)
如果现有硬盘驱动器没有驱动器号且未格式化，则不会显示现有硬盘驱动器和新硬盘驱动器。如果您将已配置的驱动器从一台计算机传输到另一台计算机，如果您有两个具有相同驱动器号的驱动器，也会发生同样的事情。因此，让我们分配一个新字母并开始配置过程。
返回磁盘管理(Disk Management)工具，选择有问题的驱动程序，右键单击它，如果没有分配驱动器号，请选择新建简单卷。(New Simple Volume)如果您只是因为字母冲突而需要更改它，请选择更改驱动器号和路径(Change Drive Letter and Paths)，然后检查驱动器现在是否可见。
使用默认设置完成格式化过程。接下来(Next)，从下拉菜单中选择一个驱动器号，然后单击Next。
格式化(Format)新驱动器并给它一个标签。
单击下一步(Next)按钮并完成(Finish)。Windows 应该正确配置驱动器，并且它应该显示在文件资源管理器(File Explorer)中。如果您的硬盘仍未显示，请尝试更新您的驱动程序并确保您的驱动器是干净的。
更新您的驱动程序
每当您遇到任何计算机问题时，您可能已经厌倦了听到“更新您的驱动程序(update your drivers)”，但事实是它在很多情况下都有效。因此，让我们确保您的驱动程序不是阻止您的硬盘驱动器出现在Windows 10上的驱动程序。
转到您的设备管理器并在(Device Manager)Disk Drives下找到您的驱动器。右键单击它并从菜单中选择卸载设备。(Uninstall device)
现在重新启动计算机，Windows 10将自动重新安装驱动程序。
如果这不起作用，但问题仍然与驱动程序有关，请访问制造商的网站并下载最新的驱动程序。它通常位于一个压缩的 zip 文件夹中，因此如果有，请确保在执行其他任何操作之前将其解压缩。
接下来，再次转到设备管理器(Device Manager)，右键单击您的硬盘驱动器，然后选择更新驱动程序(Update Driver)。
在新打开的窗口中，选择浏览我的计算机以查找驱动程序(Browse my computer for drivers)选项。
这使您可以选择刚刚从制造商网站下载的驱动程序文件夹。在下一个面板中，单击“浏览(Browse)”按钮以找到驱动程序文件夹，并确保您还勾选了“包含子文件夹(Include subfolder)”框。
单击下一步(Next)，您的驱动程序将被安装。
使用 DiskPart 清洁硬盘
DiskPart 是一个 Windows 命令行磁盘分区工具(disk partitioning tool)，可让您管理硬盘驱动器。本质上，它是磁盘管理(Disk Management)工具的命令行版本，但是，它可以执行更多的功能。我们将使用它来清洁硬盘驱动器并将其恢复到默认状态。
在某些情况下，您可以在磁盘管理(Disk Management)应用程序中看到驱动器，但由于各种原因您无法对其进行配置。这是DiskPart可以派上用场的地方。请(Just)注意，当您使用此命令行工具时，您不会收到任何警告。您需要确定您执行的任何操作。
也就是说，让我们打开命令提示符(Command Prompt)。在搜索框中键入“(Type “)命令提示符”，然后选择以管理员身份运行应用程序。
键入以下命令以启动DiskPart工具：
磁盘部分(diskpart)
将打开一个新窗口，其中DiskPart工具正在运行。
接下来，您需要列出所有硬盘。键入以下命令：
列出磁盘(list disk)
通过键入以下命令选择您遇到问题的硬盘驱动器：
选择磁盘 0(select disk 0)
将 0 替换为您的磁盘编号。
最后，使用以下命令擦除硬盘：
干净的(clean)
请记住，此命令将完全擦除驱动器。它不会有任何标签，也不会被初始化。您将必须遵循前面提到的格式化步骤。
您可以使用 DiskPart 创建和格式化硬盘分区(use DiskPart to create and format hard drive partitions)或返回磁盘管理(Disk Management)工具。
你的硬盘现在出现了吗？哪种解决方案适合您？在下面的评论中让我们知道！
How to Fix Hard Drive Not Showing Up on Windows 10
When you connect an internal hard drive (HDD), solid-state drive (SSD), or any external drive, Windows should automatically set it up for you. Unfortunately, that doesn’t always happen, and sometimes even your existing drive might vanish from the system. In either case, many problems can prevent the hard drive from showing up on Windows 10.
A common issue is either the physical data or the power connection. If that’s not the case, perhaps your hard drive doesn’t have an assigned drive letter, and that’s why it doesn’t appear in the file explorer (maybe you forgot to format your hard drive?).
When your hard drive doesn’t show up on Windows, there are several troubleshooting steps you can follow. This article will show you how to fix it with Windows 10’s Disk Management and Device Manager tools and a few more tips.
Physical Troubleshooting
Before tweaking various systems settings, you should make sure your hard drive is in working condition and properly connected. Follow the troubleshooting steps below:
- Make sure the hard drive is properly connected to your computer and that it’s powered up.
- Inspect the data and power cables that connect your drive to the motherboard and power supply. Try a different SATA port and use a different SATA cable. Unplug your computer before going inside the case.
- Remove the hard drive and test it using a different computer.
- If you have another hard drive lying around, connect it to see if Windows will automatically detect it and set it up.
- Go to your computer’s BIOS settings and check whether your computer is detecting the hard drive at all.
Once you determine that this isn’t a hardware-related problem, you can try one of the fixes below.
Fix Hard Drive Not Showing Up Using Device Manager
When your hard drive doesn’t show up in the File Explorer or Disk Management tool, it usually means it’s disabled. To enable the hard drive, we’re going to use Device Manager.
Search for Device Manager using Windows’ search bar or locate it inside the Control Panel. Open it and find the Disk drives section.
Expand Disk Drives, locate your hard drive, right-click it and select Properties from the menu.
Inside the Properties panel, select the Driver tab and click on the Enable Device button.
Click OK, and your hard drive should become visible.
Fix Hard Drive Not Showing Up Using Disk Management
If your internal hard drive still isn’t showing up on Windows 10, you should follow these steps using the Disk Management tool:
- Set the hard drive online
- Initialize
- Assign a drive letter
- Configure partition
Bring Hard Drive Online
Search for Disk Management using the Windows 10 search bar. The top result should be Create and format hard disk partitions. Click it to open the Disk Management tool. Alternatively, you can press the Windows key + X and select Disk Management from the list.
You should now see a panel with all your hard drives. Look for the one that is labeled offline, right-click it and select Online from the menu. This will bring the drive online.
If you correctly configured your hard drive at some point, you should now see it inside the File Explorer. If it wasn’t, continue with the next steps.
Initialize Hard Drive
After bringing the drive online, go back to the Disk Management tool, right-click the drive, and choose Initialize Disk from the menu.
This will open a menu where you need to make sure you’ve selected the disk you’re initializing. Also, check the GPT partition style.
If your drive is being initialized for the first time, it will still not appear in the File Explorer. This is because your hard drive has to be formatted.
Drive Partition Configuration
An existing hard drive and a new one won’t show up if it doesn’t have a drive letter and isn’t formatted. The same thing can happen if you’re transferring an already configured drive from one computer to another if you have two drives with the same drive letter. So let’s assign a new letter and begin the configuration process.
Go back to the Disk Management tool, select the driver in question, right-click it, and choose New Simple Volume if it doesn’t have a drive letter assigned. If you just need to change it due to a letter conflict, select Change Drive Letter and Paths instead and check if the drive is now visible.
Go through the formatting process with the default settings. Next, choose a drive letter from the drop-down menu and click Next.
Format the new drive and give it a label.
Click the Next button and Finish. Windows should correctly configure the drive, and it should show up in File Explorer. If your hard drive still isn’t showing up, try updating your drivers and make sure your drive is clean.
Update Your Drivers
You’re probably sick of hearing “update your drivers” whenever you have any computer problem, but the truth is that it works in a lot of cases. So, let’s just make sure your drivers aren’t the ones preventing your hard drive from showing up on Windows 10.
Go to your Device Manager and locate your drive under Disk Drives. Right-click it and select Uninstall device from the menu.
Now restart your computer, and Windows 10 will automatically reinstall the driver.
If this didn’t work, but the problem is still driver-related, go to the manufacturer’s website and download the latest driver. It usually comes in a compressed zip folder, so if it does, make sure to unpack it before doing anything else.
Next, go to the Device Manager again, right-click your hard drive, and select Update Driver.
In the newly opened window, choose the Browse my computer for drivers option.
This allows you to select the driver folder you’ve just downloaded from the manufacturer’s website. In the next panel, click on the Browse button to locate the driver folder and make sure you also tick the Include subfolder box.
Click Next and your driver will be installed.
Clean Your Hard Drive With DiskPart
DiskPart is a Windows command-line disk partitioning tool that allows you to manage your hard drives. In essence, it’s the command-line version of the Disk Management tool, however, it can perform more functions. We will use it to clean the hard drive and bring it back to its default state.
In some cases, you can see the drive in the Disk Management app, but you can’t configure it for various reasons. This is where DiskPart can come in handy. Just take note that when you use this command-line tool, you won’t get any warnings. You need to be sure of any operation you perform.
That said, let’s open the Command Prompt. Type “command prompt” in the search box, and choose to run the application as administrator.
Type the following command to launch the DiskPart tool:
diskpart
A new window will open with the DiskPart tool running.
Next, you need to list all your hard drives. Type the following command:
list disk
Select the hard drive that you’re having issues with by typing the following command:
select disk 0
Replace 0 with your disk’s number.
Finally, erase the hard drive by using the following command:
clean
Keep in mind that this command will wipe the drive completely. It won’t have any label, and it won’t be initialized. You will have to follow the previously mentioned formatting steps.
You can use DiskPart to create and format hard drive partitions or go back to the Disk Management tool.
Is your hard drive showing up now? Which solution worked for you? Let us know in the comments below!
