您是否想重新安装或升级您的Linux Mint 发行版(Linux Mint Distribution)，但又不想在此过程中丢失所有设置和数据？这是可能的，而且没有那么困难。
首先备份您现有的操作系统，以防万一出现问题需要恢复它。
创建新 Mint 操作系统(New Mint OS)的可引导磁盘或驱动器(Or Drive)
在安装新的Cinnamon Mint之前，最好创建一个可启动副本。截至目前的最新版本是 19.2，代号为“Tina”。
刻录DVD（32 位或 64 位，具体取决于您使用的硬件）或制作可引导的USB拇指驱动器。如果你不确定选择哪个版本，最受欢迎的是“ Cinnamon 64-bit edition”。您可以在官方页面( official page)上获取Cinnamon Mint的下载链接。
请参阅Linux Mint 安装指南( Linux Mint Installation Guide)以帮助您创建可启动媒体、下载正确的ISO映像并在您的计算机上安装Linux Mint 。该指南提供多种语言和不同格式，例如PDF、ePub 和HTML。
遵循以下步骤将使您能够保留所有设置并节省大量时间。
备份您现有的软件应用程序(Backup Your Existing Software Applications)
- 启动(Boot)到您的原始操作系统。从您的菜单中，选择“管理员”并选择“备份工具”。
- 在备份工具中，选择“备份软件选择”。
- 从目标下拉框中选择您的主目录。选择要用于备份的工具，然后单击“应用”。
您的所有程序现在都备份在您的系统上。下一步是使用Nemo文件管理器打开主目录。
- 在您的主目录中查找您刚刚创建的文件，然后双击它以打开该文件。
- 搜索Linux并删除以“ (Linux)Linux ”开头的条目。请参阅下图中突出显示的条目。
- 确保没有任何空行后，保存文件。如果您设置了数据驱动器，则需要复制fstab文件（系统配置文件）。
- 转到您的终端窗口并粘贴以下内容：
cp /etc/fstab /home/yourname
安装 Linux Mint
现在您可以重新安装 Mint( reinstall Mint)了。当您使用外部驱动器（DVD或USB记忆棒）启动系统时，它将启动Linux Mint的实时会话。
- 将(Insert)DVD或USB插入计算机并从中启动。您现在正在运行新Mint OS的 Live (Mint OS)Distro。
- 如果您使用的是笔记本电脑，请不要忘记确保您的WiFi已连接。(WiFi)在您的桌面上，双击安装图标。您将使用用户名mint自动登录。您将在桌面上看到安装程序图标。
当您在计算机上永久安装Linux Mint后运行它时，它不是实时版本。实时版本类似于普通会话，除了以下方面：
- 实时会话较慢。
- 某些应用程序（例如Timeshift、Update Manager和Flatpak ）要么不工作，要么工作方式与正常会话不同。
- 您在实时会话中所做的任何更改都不会影响已安装的系统，也不是永久性的。
双击安装 Linux Mint(Install Linux Mint)并选择您的语言。
下一步将要求您连接到无线网络。这是一个可选步骤。我们建议不要连接到Internet。如果这样做，安装程序将通过您的Internet连接下载所有更新。
如果您的连接速度较慢或丢失，则很难知道您的安装在连接断开之前已经走了多远。请先完成安装，然后再获取更新。
选择我现在不想连接到 wi-fi 网络。(I don’t want to connect to a wi-fi network right now.)
接下来的步骤将让您知道您是否准备好安装Linux Mint。您只需要关心是否有足够的磁盘空间。如果您不使用电源，请确保您的电池已充电。(Make)
如前所述，您不需要连接到Internet。单击(Click) 继续。(continue.)
选择安装类型的下一步非常重要。您将有四个选择。您想选择Something Else。
此选项允许您管理分区。选择不(NOT)格式化您的主分区是保持数据完整的原因。
当您选择Something else时，您将看到可供选择的分区。
选择您的Root分区，然后选择change。看下面的截图：
- 不要对大小(size)进行任何更改，因为它是您的旧根分区（您不想更改其大小，因为您将对其进行格式化）。
- 选择Ext4 日志文件系统(Ext4 journaling file system)，其中显示：用作。(use as.)
- 确保未选择格式化分区(Format the partition)。
- 在您看到Mount point 的地方(Mount point)，选择/因为这是根符号
- 选择您的时区、键盘布局并添加您的用户详细信息。请务必使用与旧设置相同的用户名和密码。
- 安装完成后，取出Live USB拇指驱动器或 Live CD 并重新启动。现在是时候将您的应用程序重新安装到您的新操作系统了。
重新安装您的程序
在您的菜单(Menu)中选择来自管理员的(Administrator)备份工具(Backup Tool )。选择恢复软件选择(Restore software selection)并导航到您的主目录。
选择您之前创建的软件备份文件，然后单击应用(Apply)或转发。(Forward.)
现在您的所有程序都已恢复，您的所有设置都已保留。恭喜，您现在拥有最新版本的Linux Mint。
How To Reinstall Linux Mint Without Losing Your Data & Settings
Do you want to reinstall or uрgrade your Linux Mint Diѕtribution but don’t want to lose all your settings and data in the procеss? It is possible and not that difficult.
Start by backing up your existing operating system in case you need to restore it if something goes wrong.
Create a Bootable Disk Or Drive Of The New Mint OS
Before installing a fresh Cinnamon Mint, it is best to create a bootable copy. The most recent release as of now is 19.2, codename “Tina”.
Burn a DVD (32-bit or 64-bit depending on which your hardware uses) or make a bootable USB thumb drive. If you are not sure which edition to select, the most popular is “Cinnamon 64-bit edition”. You can get the download link for Cinnamon Mint on the official page.
Refer to the Linux Mint Installation Guide to help you create your bootable media, download the right ISO image, and install Linux Mint on your computer. The guide is available in multiple languages and different formats such as PDF, ePub, and HTML.
Following the steps below will enable you to keep all your settings and save you a lot of time.
Backup Your Existing Software Applications
- Boot into your original operating system. From your menu, choose “Administrator” and select “backup tool.”
- In the backup tool, choose “backup software selection.”
- Select your home directory from the destination drop-down box. Choose the tool you want to use for your backup and click “apply.”
All your programs are now backed up on your system. Your next step is to open your home directory with Nemo file manager.
- Look in your home directory for the file you just created and double-click on it to open the file.
- Search for Linux and delete entries that start with “Linux”. See the highlighted entries in the image below.
- After ensuring you don’t have any blank lines, save the file. In the event that you have set up a data drive, you will need to copy the fstab file (system configuration file).
- Go to your terminal window and paste the following:
cp /etc/fstab /home/yourname
Install Linux Mint
Now you are ready to reinstall Mint. When you boot your system using an external drive (DVD or USB stick), it will start a live session of Linux Mint.
- Insert your DVD or USB into your computer and boot from it. You are now running a Live Distro of the new Mint OS.
- Don’t forget to make sure your WiFi is connected if you are on a laptop. From your desktop, double-click on the install icon. You will be automatically logged in with a username of mint. You will see the installer icon on your desktop.
When you run Linux Mint after it is permanently installed on your computer, it is not a live version. The live version is similar to a normal session except in the following ways:
- The live session is slower.
- Some applications such as Timeshift, Update Manager, and Flatpak either don’t work or work differently than in the normal session.
- Any changes you make in the live session have no impact on the installed system and are not permanent.
Double click on Install Linux Mint and select your language.
The next step will ask you to connect to your wireless network. This is an optional step. We recommend not connecting to the Internet. If you do, the installer will download all updates through your Internet connection.
If you have a slow connection or lose it, it will be difficult to know how far your installation got before the connection dropped. Complete your installation first and get your updates later.
Select I don’t want to connect to a wi-fi network right now.
The next steps will let you know if you are prepared to install Linux Mint. You need to only be concerned about adequate disk space. Make sure your battery is charged if you are not using a power source.
As already stated, you don’t need to be connected to the Internet. Click continue.
This next step where you choose an installation type is very important. You will have four choices. You want to select Something Else.
This option lets you manage the partitions. Choosing NOT to format your home partition is what keeps your data intact.
When you choose Something else, you will see partitions to choose from.
Select your Root partition and then choose change. Looking at the screenshot below:
- Don’t make any changes to size as it is your old Root partition (you don’t want to change its size as you will be formatting over it).
- Choose Ext4 journaling file system where it says: use as.
- Be sure Format the partition is NOT selected.
- Where you see Mount point, choose / as this is the root symbol
- Select your time zone, keyboard layout, and add your user details. Be sure to use the same username and password from your old setup.
- When the installation is complete, remove the Live USB thumb drive or Live CD and reboot. Now it’s time to re-install your applications to your new OS.
Reinstall Your Programs
Select Backup Tool from Administrator in your Menu. Choose Restore software selection and navigate to your home directory.
Choose the software backup file you created earlier and then click Apply or Forward.
Now all your programs have been restored and all your settings have been preserved. Congratulations, you now have the latest version of Linux Mint.
