在Chromebook上安装和运行 Linux 应用程序(running Linux Apps)可通过更多生产力工具扩展其功能。本教程将解释如何安装和运行Linux应用程序,并提供一些使用建议。
如果您还不知道,最新版本的Chrome OS允许您在本地安装Linux,而无需创建单独的安装。安装的默认发行版似乎是 Debian。当前有一个功能请求,您可以选择安装其他发行版,例如Ubuntu或Fedora。
检查您的 Chrome 操作系统版本(Check Your Chrome OS Version)
要在Chromebook(Chromebook)上安装Linux应用程序,您必须运行Chrome OS 69或更高版本。检查您正在运行的版本:
- 单击您的个人资料图片(右下角)
- 导航到设置(Settings)
- 点击汉堡图标(Hamburger icon )(左上角)
- 选择关于 Chrome 操作系统(About Chrome OS)
如果您运行的不是最新版本,您将看到Check for updates。下载最新版本并重新启动您的Chromebook。
启用 Linux(测试版)平台(Enable The Linux (Beta) Platform)
- 首先导航到设置。(Settings. )向下滚动页面,直到看到Linux (Beta)。
- 单击打开(Turn on)按钮。
如果您没有看到此选项,则表示您的设备不受支持。您需要升级到较新的型号才能使用Linux应用程序。
- 单击安装(Install)按钮。该过程所需的时间取决于您的Chromebook的计算资源和您的互联网(Internet)速度。
- 安装完成后,将打开一个终端窗口。访问终端窗口后,启动第一组更新命令。
使用终端命令安装应用程序(Use Terminal Commands To Install Apps)
Linux 终端命令(Linux terminal commands)是一种简单的方法。首先在终端(Terminal)中键入以下命令,然后按 Enter(Enter):
sudo apt-get 更新(sudo apt-get update)
sudo apt -y 升级(sudo apt -y upgrade)
在桌面上,Linux要求您在使用sudo命令时输入密码。在您的Chromebook(Chromebook)上无需这样做。
在 Chromebook 上安装 Linux 应用(Install Linux Apps On a Chromebook)
- 您现在已准备好使用以下命令安装Linux应用程序:(Linux)
sudo apt install [应用程序名称](sudo apt install [app name])
- 点击Enter后,安装将开始。当提示确认安装时,单击y然后Enter。
在安装过程中,当组件被下载、解压和安装时,您会看到很多文本在屏幕上滚动。
- 安装完成后,终端返回绿色命令提示符。要关闭它,请在提示符中键入exit,然后输入(enter)。
- 要查看您新安装的应用程序,请查看您的Chrome 操作系统(Chrome OS)启动器。
已安装的Linux应用程序与网络应用程序、Android应用程序以及您设备上的所有其他内容 一起位于Chrome OS 启动器中。(Chrome OS Launcher)
不确定要尝试哪些应用?以下是针对(Below)Android和 Web 应用程序无法充分完成的任务的一些最佳应用程序解决方案。
自由办公室(LibreOffice)
尽管在Chromebook上编辑文档的最简单方法是Microsoft Office Online和Google Docs,但这些平台无法打开所有文件格式。
LibreOffice是一种替代的开源办公套件,它支持大量文件格式并在各种平台上运行。
LibreOffice 包括:
- 字处理器(写)
- 电子表格(计算)
- 矢量图形编辑器(绘制)
- 演示文稿编辑器(印象)
- 公式编辑(数学)
要在Chromebook上安装LibreOffice ,请从(LibreOffice)终端(Terminal)使用以下命令:
sudo apt install -y libreoffice libreoffice-gtk3
此命令将安装两个软件包。首先是LibreOffice本身。第二个是使它能够适应Chrome OS Linux主题的插件。
GIMP
GIMP是一个强大的照片编辑器。用户可以执行多项任务,包括使用各种画笔进行绘图、使用多个图像层以及模糊图像的某些部分。
使用GIMP,用户可以打开和保存许多不同的文件类型,包括BMP、JPEG、PNG和PSD。
- 最好安装的GIMP版本是(GIMP)Flatpak 版本(Flatpak release)。如果您没有Flatpak ,请在(Flatpak)终端(Terminal)中使用以下命令进行设置。
sudo apt install -y flatpack
sudo flatpak install https://flathub.org/repo/appstream/org.gimp.GIMP.flatpakref -y
- 下载后,GIMP将位于Chrome OS应用程序抽屉中。要访问它和其他下载的应用程序,请导航到文件(File )>打开(Open),然后单击带有您的Google帐户名称的文件夹。
视觉工作室代码(Visual Studio Code)
Visual Studio Code是一个代码编辑器,具有许多功能,包括调试、对Git的支持和流行语言的自动完成。
- 要安装 Visual Studio Code,请转到下载页面(download page)并单击 . deb按钮。
- 下载完成后,转到Chrome 文件(Chrome Files)应用程序中的“下载(Downloads)”文件夹。要安装它,请双击.deb文件。
进化(Evolution)
对于那些想要一个独立的电子邮件和日历程序的人来说,Evolution是一个你会想要下载的应用程序。它将您的联系人、电子邮件、日历、备忘录和任务放入一个易于使用的界面中。
Evolution 可与任何标准的启用 IMAP(IMAP-enabled)或POP帐户以及Gmail配合使用。
- 要安装它,请在Chrome OS启动器中打开(Chrome OS)终端(Terminal)应用程序,键入以下命令,然后按Enter:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging
- 当要求确认安装时,再次按Enter。接下来(Next),输入以下命令并按Enter 键(Enter):
sudo apt-get 更新(sudo apt-get update)
sudo apt-get 安装进化(sudo apt-get install evolution)
- 当提示确认安装时,单击y。与其他已安装的应用程序一样,您会在Chrome OS应用程序抽屉中找到它。
(Install)在您的Chromebook上(Chromebook)安装和运行Linux应用程序以添加功能、扩展其作为商业工具的潜力并改善您的Chromebook体验。
How To Install & Run Linux Apps On a Chromebook
Installing and running Linux Apps on your Chromebook expands its capabilities with more productivity tools. This tutorial will explain how to install and run Linux apps as well as offer some suggestions on which to use.
If you don’t already know, the latest versions of Chrome OS allow you to install Linux natively without having to create a separate install. The default distro that gets installed seems to be Debian. There is currently a feature request that will give you the option to install other distros like Ubuntu or Fedora.
Check Your Chrome OS Version
To install Linux apps on a Chromebook, you must be running Chrome OS 69 or later. Check which version you are running by:
- Clicking your profile picture (lower right-hand corner)
- Navigating to Settings
- Clicking on the Hamburger icon (upper left corner)
- Choosing About Chrome OS
If you are not running the latest version, you will see Check for updates. Download the latest version and restart your Chromebook.
Enable The Linux (Beta) Platform
- Start by navigating to Settings. Scroll down the page until you see Linux (Beta).
- Click the Turn on button.
If you don’t see this option, it means that your device isn’t supported. You will need to upgrade to a newer model to use Linux apps.
- Turning on Linux (Beta) launches the installation.
- Click the Install button. The time the process takes will depend upon the computing resources of your Chromebook and your Internet speed.
- When the installation is complete, a terminal window will open. Once you have access to the terminal window, initiate your first set of update commands.
Use Terminal Commands To Install Apps
Linux terminal commands are an easy way to get going. Start by typing the following commands in the Terminal and then hit Enter:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt -y upgrade
When on the desktop, Linux requires you to type in your password when using the sudo command. There is no need to do so on your Chromebook.
Install Linux Apps On a Chromebook
- You are now ready to install Linux apps with the following command:
sudo apt install [app name]
- After hitting Enter, the installation will begin. When prompted to confirm the installation, click y and then Enter.
During the installation, you will see a lot of text scrolling across the screen as the components are downloaded, unpacked, and installed.
- When the install is complete, the terminal returns to the green command prompt. To close it, type exit into the prompt and then enter.
- To see your newly installed apps, look in your Chrome OS launcher.
Installed Linux apps are located inside the Chrome OS Launcher along with web apps, Android apps, and everything else you have on your device.
Not sure which apps to try? Below are some of the best app solutions for tasks that are not sufficiently filled by Android and web apps.
LibreOffice
Although the easiest ways to edit documents on a Chromebook are Microsoft Office Online and Google Docs, these platforms are not able to open all file formats.
LibreOffice is an alternative open-source office suite that supports a vast number of file formats and works on a variety of platforms.
LibreOffice includes a:
- Word processor (Write)
- Spreadsheet (Calc)
- Vector graphic editor (Draw)
- Presentation editor (Impress)
- Formula editing (Math)
To install LibreOffice on your Chromebook, use the following command from Terminal:
sudo apt install -y libreoffice libreoffice-gtk3
This command will install two packages. The first is LibreOffice itself. The second is the plugin that enables it to fit in with the Chrome OS Linux theme.
GIMP
GIMP is a powerful photo editor. Users can perform several tasks, including drawing with various brushes, using multiple image layers, and blurring parts of an image.
With GIMP, users can open and save many different file types, including BMP, JPEG, PNG, and PSD.
- The best version of GIMP to install is the Flatpak release. If you don’t have Flatpak, use the following command in the Terminal to set it up.
sudo apt install -y flatpack
- To install GIMP, run the following command:
sudo flatpak install https://flathub.org/repo/appstream/org.gimp.GIMP.flatpakref -y
- Once downloaded, GIMP will be in the Chrome OS app drawer. To access it and other downloaded apps, navigate to File > Open and then click the folder with your Google account name on it.
Visual Studio Code
Visual Studio Code is a code editor with many features including debugging, support for Git, and auto-complete for popular languages.
- To install Visual Studio Code, go to the download page and click on the .deb button.
- When the download is complete, go to the Downloads folder in the Chrome Files app. To install it, double-click on the .deb file.
Evolution
For those who want a stand-alone email and calendar program, Evolution is an app you will want to download. It puts your contacts, emails, calendar, memos, and tasks into a single easy to use interface.
Evolution works well with any standard IMAP-enabled or POP accounts as well as Gmail.
- To install it, open the Terminal app in the Chrome OS launcher, type the following command, and then press Enter:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging
- When asked to confirm the installation, press Enter again. Next, type in the command below and hit Enter:
sudo apt-get update
- To complete the installation, type this command:
sudo apt-get install evolution
- When prompted to confirm the installation, click y. Like the other installed apps, you will find it in the Chrome OS app drawer.
Install and run Linux apps on your Chromebook to add functionality, expand its potential as a business tool, and improve your Chromebook experience.