Adobe Illustrator是用于创建和编辑(Adobe Illustrator)矢量图形(vector graphics)（如可以放大或缩小而不会丢失细节）的首选应用程序。Illustrator的一个决定性特征是有多种方法可以实现相同的目标。因此，当您想学习如何在Illustrator(Illustrator)中剪出形状时，有多种方法可以解决。
在本文中，我们将回顾在Illustrator中剪切形状的几种方法。本教程是使用Adobe Illustrator CC 2020编写的，但无论您拥有哪个版本的Illustrator，只要您使用矢量元素而不是光栅图像(raster image)，这些说明都应该有效。
如何使用形状作为曲奇刀(Cookie Cutter)
想象一下(Imagine)，您在Illustrator 的画板上有两个形状——一个(Illustrator–a)矩形和一个圆形。如果您使用“在下方分割对象”(Divide Object Below)命令，您可以使用一个形状（如切饼干），通过另一个形状创建一个切口并删除您用作切饼干的形状。这对初学者来说是一个很好的方法，因为它非常简单。
- 使用选择(Selection )工具移动矩形顶部的圆圈。注意：要快速激活选择(Selection)工具，请使用键盘快捷键V。
- 在圆圈仍处于选中状态的情况下，选择Object > Path > Divide Objects below。黄色圆圈将消失，在矩形上留下一个圆形路径。
- 在“图层(Layers)”面板中，选择圆形路径。
- 然后使用选择(Selection )工具将圆形图层移出矩形。
如何使用刀工具(Knife Tool)切出形状
- 找到工具栏上的橡皮擦(Eraser)工具，当您按住或右键单击按钮时，请注意角落中的小箭头表示该按钮在子菜单中包含更多工具。按住按钮会显示剪刀(Scissors)工具和刀(Knife)工具。选择刀(Knife)工具。
- 如果缺少刀工具，可能是因为您使用的是Essentials工作区。切换到Essentials Classic或(Essentials Classic)Illustrator窗口右上角的其他工作区，将恢复刀工具。
- 使用刀(Knife)工具切割形状，就像在纸或硬纸板上 使用Exacto刀一样。(Exacto)
- 在“图层(Layers )”面板中，选择您通过用刀切割形状创建的图层(Knife)之一。
- 使用选择(Selection)工具，将您刚刚选择的图层从形状的其余部分移开。
您可以使用刀(Knife)工具切割多个形状。只要图层或形状未锁定，刀工具就会将其切割。(Knife)
如何使用剪刀工具剪出形状
我们已经教过您如何找到剪刀工具（它隐藏在(Scissors)工具(Tools)面板中橡皮擦(Eraser)工具下方的子菜单中）。您还可以使用键盘快捷键C来激活剪刀工具。
- 选择剪刀(Scissors)工具后，单击形状的边缘以创建锚点。
- 通过单击相同形状的另一个区域的边缘创建第二个锚点。
- 此时，您可以使用选择(Selection)工具将形状的一部分拖离其余部分。
- 您可以使用剪刀(Scissors )工具添加第三个锚点，Illustrator将进行两次剪切。
如何使用裁剪工具裁剪形状(Crop Tool)
在 Illustrator 中，裁剪(Crop)工具不在常规工具栏上。相反，您可以在Pathfinder面板上找到它。通过选择Windows(Windows ) > Pathfinder或在 Mac 上使用键盘快捷键Shift + Ctrl + F9或Shift + Command + F9来显示Pathfinder面板。
使用探路者(Pathfinder)工具，您可以将形状放在另一个对象的顶部，并告诉Illustrator您想要保留或消除对象的哪个部分。
让我们将圆形放在矩形的顶部，然后使用裁剪(Crop)工具创建一个新形状。
- 将形状放在要裁剪的另一个对象之上。
- 选择两个形状。
- 在路径查找器(Pathfinder)面板中，选择裁剪(Crop)工具。
- 只要您选择裁剪(Crop)工具，对象就会被裁剪。
- 尝试路径查找(Pathfinder)器面板上的其他选项以实现不同的效果。例如，选择减去(Minus Front)前面将从后面的对象中减去前面的对象。
您可能会发现，使用形状生成器(Shape Builder)工具构建形状可能更容易，而不是剪切形状。我们将在以后的教程中介绍这一点。
如何使用剪贴蒙版剪出(Clipping Mask)形状
如果您已经知道如何在 Photoshop 中添加蒙版(how to add a mask in Photoshop)，这将非常熟悉。在这个例子中，假设我们有一个渐变色的形状。我们可以使用另一个形状作为剪贴蒙版，这样只有第二个形状内的区域是可见的。换句话说，您可以使用剪贴蒙版来隐藏部分形状。
- 创建您将用作蒙版的对象。在上面的示例中，我们使用椭圆(Ellipse)工具（键盘快捷键L）来创建我们现在将用作蒙版的椭圆。用作蒙版的对象称为剪切路径(clipping path)。
- 在“图层(Layers)”面板的堆叠顺序中，将剪切路径移动到要遮盖的对象上方。
- 使用直接选择工具(Direct Selection Tool)，将剪切路径移动到要遮盖的对象顶部。
- 在“图层(Layers)”面板中，选择剪切路径和要遮罩的对象。
- 从菜单中，选择对象(Object )>剪贴蒙版(Clipping Mask)>制作(Make)。
Adobe 的许多选项
所有Adobe Creative Cloud应用程序都提供了多种实现相同效果的方法。因此，请查看我们的Illustrator教程和有关Adobe Photoshop和InDesign的文章。通过练习，您的图形设计将是像素级的！
How to Cut Out a Shape in Illustrator
Adobe Illustrator is the premier application for creаting and editing vector graphics like logos which can be scaled up or down without losing detail. A defining characteristic of Illustrator is that there are many ways of achieving the same goal. So, when you want to learn how to cut out a shape in Illustrator, there are multiple ways to go about it.
In this article, we’ll review several ways to cut out a shape in Illustrator. This tutorial was written using Adobe Illustrator CC 2020, but these instructions should work no matter which version of Illustrator you have, as long as you’re using vector elements and not a raster image.
How to Use a Shape as a Cookie Cutter
Imagine you have two shapes on the artboard in Illustrator–a rectangle and a circle. If you use the Divide Object Below command, you can use one shape like a cookie-cutter, creating a cutout through the other shape and deleting the shape you used as the cookie cutter. This is a great method for beginners because it’s so simple.
- Use the Selection tool to move the circle on top of the rectangle. Note: To quickly activate the Selection tool, use the keyboard shortcut V.
- With the circle still selected, select Object > Path > Divide Objects Below. The yellow circle will disappear, leaving a circular path on the rectangle.
- In the Layers panel, select the circle path.
- Then use the Selection tool to move the circle layer off the rectangle.
How to Cut Out a Shape Using the Knife Tool
- Locate the Eraser tool on the toolbar and notice the tiny arrow in the corner indicating the button contains more tools in a submenu when you hold down or right-click the button. Holding down the button reveals the Scissors tool and the Knife tool. Select the Knife tool.
- If the knife tool is missing, it’s probably because you’re using the Essentials workspace. Switch to Essentials Classic or another workspace in the upper-right corner of the Illustrator window, and the knife tool will be restored.
- Use the Knife tool to cut out a shape just like you’d use an Exacto knife on a physical piece of paper or cardboard.
- In the Layers panel, select one of the layers you created by cutting the shape with the Knife.
- Using the Selection tool, move the layer you just selected away from the rest of the shape.
You can use the Knife tool to slice multiple shapes. The Knife tool will cut it as long as a layer or shape isn’t locked.
How to Cut Out a Shape With the Scissors Tool
We’ve already taught you how to find the Scissors tool (it’s hidden in the submenu beneath the Eraser tool in the Tools panel). You can also use the keyboard shortcut C to activate the Scissors tool.
- With the Scissors tool selected, click on the edge of a shape to create an anchor point.
- Create a second anchor point by clicking on the edge of another area of the same shape.
- At this point, you can use the Selection tool to drag one part of the shape away from the rest.
- You can add a third anchor point with the Scissors tool, and Illustrator will make two cuts.
How to Cut Out a Shape With the Crop Tool
In Illustrator, the Crop tool isn’t on the regular toolbar. Instead, you can find it on the Pathfinder panel. Display the Pathfinder panel by selecting Windows > Pathfinder or using the keyboard shortcut Shift + Ctrl + F9 or Shift + Command + F9 on a Mac.
Using the Pathfinder tool, you can put a shape on top of another object and tell Illustrator what part of the object you want to keep or eliminate.
Let’s put the circle on top of the rectangle and use the Crop tool to create a new shape.
- Place a shape on top of another object you want to crop.
- Select both shapes.
- In the Pathfinder panel, select the Crop tool.
- The object will be cropped as soon as you select the Crop tool.
- Try the other options on the Pathfinder panel to achieve different effects. For example, selecting Minus Front will subtract the object in front from the object behind it.
You may find that instead of cutting out a shape, it might be easier to build a shape using the Shape Builder tool. We’ll cover that in a future tutorial.
How to Use a Clipping Mask to Cut Out a Shape
If you already know how to add a mask in Photoshop, this will be very familiar. In this example, let’s imagine we have a shape colored with a gradient. We can use another shape as a clipping mask so that only areas inside the second shape are visible. In other words, you can use clipping masks to hide parts of shapes.
- Create the object you’ll use as the mask. In our example above, we used the Ellipse tool (keyboard shortcut L) to create the oval which we’ll now use as the mask. The object you use as the mask is called the clipping path.
- In the Layers panel’s stacking order, move the clipping path above the object you want to mask.
- With the Direct Selection Tool, move the clipping path on top of the object you want to mask.
- In the Layers panel, select the clipping path and the object you want to mask.
- From the menu, select Object > Clipping Mask > Make.
Many Options With Adobe
All the Adobe Creative Cloud apps offer multiple ways of achieving the same effect. So, check our Illustrator tutorials and articles about Adobe Photoshop and InDesign. With practice, your graphic designs will be pixel-perfect!
