每个Mac用户都知道Dock — 它(Dock—it)位于屏幕底部，让您可以快速访问您最喜欢的和当前打开的应用程序和文件夹。使用Mac Dock快捷方式，您可以启动Finder和Launchpad，将文件放入垃圾箱(Trash)文件夹，以及直接访问您的下载(Downloads)文件夹。
为了保持Dock图标整洁，您可以开始将Dock上的应用程序分类到快捷方式文件夹中。这将使您可以更好地组织Dock，减少混乱并让您专注于最重要的应用程序。以下是快速创建Mac Dock快捷方式的方法，以及有关如何更有效地使用Dock的一些提示。(Dock)
自定义 Mac Dock 快捷方式(Customizing Mac Dock Shortcuts)
在开始添加Mac Dock快捷方式之前，您应该对其进行自定义以满足您的需要。您可以更改Dock的大小，包括图标的大小，以及将Dock从屏幕底部重新定位到屏幕的左侧或右侧。您还可以将Dock设置为在不使用时自动隐藏。
- 要访问Dock的设置，请右键单击Dock区域并单击Dock Preferences。或者，单击右上角的Apple 菜单(Apple menu)，然后单击System Preferences > Dock或从Launchpad启动(Launchpad)System Preferences 。
- 修改滑块以增加Dock应用程序图标的大小，或使用单选按钮更改Dock的位置。如果您希望Dock在不使用时消失，请单击(Click)自动隐藏并显示 Dock复选框。(Automatically hide and show the Dock)
完成更改后，关闭Dock设置窗口。您所做的更改将自动应用。
添加新的 Mac Dock 快捷方式(Adding New Mac Dock Shortcuts)
首次设置Mac时，一些默认应用程序已作为(Mac)Dock快捷方式安装到位。其中包括Launchpad、Finder以及(Finder)FaceTime和Photos等各种Apple应用程序。 当前正在运行的任何软件都将出现在(Any)Dock中的这些图标旁边。
- 要将正在运行的应用程序永久添加到Dock ，请右键单击(right-click)Dock中的应用程序图标，将鼠标悬停在Options上，然后单击Keep in Dock。
- 您还可以使用相同的菜单从Dock中删除多余的应用程序。(Dock)对于系统应用程序，右键单击(right-click)应用程序图标，然后单击Options > Remove from Dock。对于非系统应用，只需取消选中Keep in Dock图标即可将其删除。
一旦您的应用程序图标就位，您可以使用鼠标或触摸板移动它们以满足您的需要，方法是拖动图标并将其移动到新位置。
添加新的 Mac Dock 快捷方式文件夹(Adding New Mac Dock Shortcut Folders)
快捷方式(Shortcut)文件夹可帮助您将Mac Dock快捷方式分类。例如，工作(Work)应用程序可以放在一个文件夹中，而游戏可以分开到另一个文件夹中。
虽然Dock快捷文件夹不会隐藏正在运行的应用程序，但它们可以让您轻松访问以启动您经常运行的任何软件，而不会弄乱Dock或不必从Finder或Launchpad 启动(Launchpad)应用程序。
- 首先，通过单击Dock 中的Finder 图标打开(Finder icon)Finder 。前往您的桌面(Desktop)文件夹，然后右键单击并按新建文件夹(New Folder)以创建一个新文件夹。给它起一个名字，比如Dock Folders。在此文件夹中，创建另一个文件夹（或多个新文件夹）以匹配您要在Dock上创建的应用程序分组，并为它们提供合适的名称。
- 创建文件夹后，右键单击(right-clicking)Finder 图标，按New Finder Window，然后在左侧菜单中打开Applications 文件(Applications folder)夹，打开第二个Finder窗口。右键单击(Right-click)（或按Control + click）您要为其创建快捷方式的任何应用程序，然后单击Make Alias。
- 您选择的应用程序的新列表将出现在“应用程序(Applications)”文件夹中，名称后附有别名。在屏幕上显示两个Finder窗口的情况下，将别名应用程序(drag the alias app)从Applications 文件夹(Applications folder to the shortcut folder)拖到您在桌面上创建的快捷方式文件夹中。
- 重复该步骤，直到您为所有选择的Dock应用程序创建快捷方式并将它们放置在合适的文件夹中。准备好 Dock 快捷方式文件夹后，使用鼠标(Dock)将快捷方式文件夹拖到(drag the shortcut folders)Dock 的文件夹区域(Folders area of the Dock)，靠近垃圾箱图标。
- 使用快捷方式文件夹后，您可以通过单击快捷方式文件夹图标(clicking on the shortcut folder icon)并按下其中一个应用程序快捷方式来访问您的应用程序。
由于Dock快捷方式文件夹本身就是文件夹的快捷方式，您可以在Finder中打开它，通过追溯上述步骤来添加或删除应用程序。右键单击Finder中(Finder)Dock快捷方式文件夹中的任何应用程序，然后按移动到废纸篓(Move to Trash)将其删除。
使用键盘底座快捷键(Using Keyboard Dock Shortcuts)
如果您想更好地开始使用Dock ，请考虑使用键盘快捷键。这些节省时间的快捷方式将帮助您仅使用键盘与Dock进行交互，从而节省您使用鼠标或触控板所花费的额外时间。
- Option + Command + D:隐藏Dock或让它重新出现（如果它已经隐藏）。
- Command + M: 最小化(Minimizes)到Dock。
- Control + Shift + Command + T: Finder中快速添加一个项目作为Dock快捷方式。
- Control + F3 (or Control + Function + F3): 假设(Assume keyboard)Dock的键盘控制，允许您使用键盘键在它周围移动。
- 使用上面的Dock键盘控制快捷方式，按向上箭头(Up arrow)访问 Dock 菜单，或按Return打开应用程序或快捷方式文件夹。选择应用程序图标后，按Command + Return Finder窗口中打开该应用程序或快捷方式的位置。
- 要隐藏除所选应用程序图标之外的所有打开窗口，请使用箭头键(arrow keys)选择应用程序图标，然后按Command + Option + Return。这将最小化其他应用程序，只留下您选择的应用程序。
如何更有效地使用 Dock(How to Use the Dock More Effectively)
添加Mac Dock快捷方式并将它们组织到文件夹中只是您在 macOS 上更有效地使用Dock的一种方式。(Dock)正如我们所提到的，您可以决定使用macOS 键盘快捷键从(macOS keyboard shortcuts)Dock快速启动应用程序，或自定义Dock以在其自己的文件夹中列出最近的应用程序。(list recent apps)
如果您运行的是Windows，则可以安装您自己的第三方Windows 应用程序扩展坞(Windows app docks)。
How to Create Shortcut Folders in the Mac OS X Dock
Every Mac υser knows the Dock—it sіts at the bottom of the screen, giving yоu quіck acсess to your favorіtе and currently open apps and folders. Using the Mac Dock shortcuts, you can launch Finder and Launсhpad, throw files into the Trash folder, as well as access your Downloads foldеr directly.
To keep your Dock icons tidy, you can begin to categorize the apps on your Dock into shortcut folders. This will let you organize the Dock better, reducing clutter and letting you focus on your most important apps. Here’s how you can create Mac Dock shortcuts quickly, as well as some tips on how to use the Dock more effectively.
Customizing Mac Dock Shortcuts
Before you begin adding Mac Dock shortcuts, you should customize it to suit your needs. You can change the size of the Dock, including the size of the icons, as well as reposition the Dock from the bottom to the left or right side of your screen. You can also set the Dock to automatically hide when you’re not using it.
- To access the settings for the Dock, right-click the Dock area and click Dock Preferences. Alternatively, click the Apple menu in the top-right, then click System Preferences > Dock or launch System Preferences from the Launchpad.
- Modify the sliders to increase the size of your Dock app icons, or use the radio buttons to change the position of the Dock. Click the Automatically hide and show the Dock checkbox if you want the Dock to disappear when it isn’t being used.
Once you’ve made your changes, close the Dock settings window. The changes you make will be applied automatically.
Adding New Mac Dock Shortcuts
When you first set up a Mac, a few default apps are already in place as Dock shortcuts. These include Launchpad, Finder, and various Apple apps like FaceTime and Photos. Any software that is currently running will appear next to these icons in the Dock.
- To add running apps to your Dock permanently, right-click on an app icon in the Dock, hover over Options, then click Keep in Dock.
- You can also remove surplus apps from your Dock using the same menu. For system apps, right-click the app icon, then click Options > Remove from Dock. For non-system apps, simply uncheck the Keep in Dock icon to remove it.
Once your app icons are in place, you can move them around using your mouse or touchpad to suit your needs by dragging the icon and moving it to a new position.
Adding New Mac Dock Shortcut Folders
Shortcut folders help you categorize your Mac Dock shortcuts into categories. Work apps, for instance, could be placed in a single folder, while games could be separated into another.
While Dock shortcut folders won’t hide running apps, they can give you easy access to launch any software you run often without cluttering the Dock or having to launch the app from Finder or Launchpad instead.
- To start, open Finder by clicking the Finder icon in the Dock. Head to your Desktop folder, then right-click and press New Folder to create a new folder. Give this a name like Dock Folders. Inside this folder, create another folder (or several new folders) to match the app groupings you want to create on your Dock, giving them a suitable name as you do.
- With your folders created, open a second Finder window by right-clicking the Finder icon, pressing New Finder Window, then opening the Applications folder in the left-hand menu. Right-click (or press Control + click) on any app you wish to create a shortcut of, then click Make Alias.
- A new listing for your chosen app will appear in the Applications folder, with the word alias attached to the name. With both Finder windows visible on your screen, drag the alias app from your Applications folder to the shortcut folder you’ve created on your Desktop.
- Repeat the step until you’ve created shortcuts for all of your chosen Dock apps and placed them in suitable folders. Once the Dock shortcut folders are ready, drag the shortcut folders using your mouse onto the Folders area of the Dock, next to your Trash icon.
- With the shortcut folder in place, you can access your apps by clicking on the shortcut folder icon and pressing one of the app shortcuts within.
As the Dock shortcut folder is itself a shortcut to a folder, you can open it in Finder to add or remove apps by retracing the steps above. Right-click any app in your Dock shortcuts folder in Finder and press Move to Trash to remove it.
Using Keyboard Dock Shortcuts
If you want to start using your Dock better, then consider using keyboard shortcuts. These time-saving shortcuts will help you interact with the Dock using only your keyboard, saving you the extra time it would take you to use your mouse or trackpad.
- Option + Command + D: Hides the Dock or makes it reappear if it’s already hidden.
- Command + M: Minimizes an open window to the Dock.
- Control + Shift + Command + T: Adds an item in Finder as a Dock shortcut quickly.
- Control + F3 (or Control + Function + F3): Assume keyboard control of the Dock, allowing you to move around it with your keyboard keys.
- With the Dock keyboard control shortcut above used, press the Up arrow to access the Dock menu, or Return to open an app or shortcut folder. With an app icon selected, press Command + Return to open the location of that app or shortcut in a new Finder window.
- To hide all open windows except for the app icon selected, use the arrow keys to select an app icon, then press Command + Option + Return. This will minimize other apps, leaving only your chosen app in view.
How to Use the Dock More Effectively
Adding Mac Dock shortcuts and organizing them into folders is just one way you can use the Dock more effectively on macOS. As we’ve mentioned, you could decide to use macOS keyboard shortcuts to quickly launch apps from your Dock, or customize the Dock to list recent apps in their own folder.
If you’re running Windows, you can install your own third-party Windows app docks instead.
