随着 macOS Catalina的发布，Apple在Mac上引入了Screen Time。它的工作原理类似于iPhone 和 iPad 上的屏幕使用时间(Screen Time)，允许您密切关注甚至管理您的Mac使用习惯。为了让事情变得更好，它还兼作强大的家长管理工具。
下面，您将了解有关设置屏幕使用时间和在(Time)Mac上使用它的所有信息。
如何在 Mac 上启用屏幕时间
如果您的 Mac 安装了macOS 10.15 Catalina或更高版本，您可以通过转到“系统偏好设置”(System Preferences)面板来启用“屏幕使用时间”。(Time)
1. 打开Apple菜单并选择系统偏好设置(System Preferences)。
2. 选择屏幕时间(Screen Time)。
3. 选择屏幕时间(Screen Time)窗格左下角的选项。(Options )然后，选择标有“打开(Turn On)”的按钮以激活Mac上的“屏幕使用时间(Screen Time)” 。
如果您想在与您的Apple ID绑定的其他 iOS、iPadOS 和 macOS 设备之间共享您的屏幕使用时间统计信息，您还可以选中(Time)跨设备共享(Share across devices)旁边的框。
此外，您可以设置屏幕时间(Time)密码。如果您是父母，那么在执行应用程序限制或停机计划时应该会派上用场（稍后会详细介绍）。但是，它最好用于标准帐户，因为管理员用户帐户可以绕过密码限制。
如果您选择在管理员帐户上添加屏幕时间密码，请选择(Time)不允许此用户管理此帐户(Don’t allow this user to administer this account )以将其转换为标准用户帐户。
如何监控应用使用情况
启用 Screen Time后，您可以通过选择(Time)App Usage侧选项卡以条形图形式开始检查您的应用程序使用情况统计信息。每个条形代表一天，您可以使用屏幕右上角的箭头按钮来浏览您的屏幕时间(Time)历史记录。
您还可以选择一个栏以按类别（社交(Social)、游戏(Games)、生产力(Productivity)和财务(Finance)等）查看使用统计数据的细分。此外，您可以在应用程序(Apps )和类别(Categories )选项卡之间切换到窗口的下部，以按应用程序或类别检查使用时间。
如果您之前选择了“跨设备共享(Share across devices )”选项，则应用使用情况统计信息也会包括您在其他Apple设备上的活动。使用屏幕底部的下拉菜单来检查设备的使用统计信息。
除了“应用使用情况(App Usage)”部分之外，您还可以切换到“通知(Notifications )”侧选项卡以查看应用收到的通知数量。同样(Again)，如果您想按设备过滤统计信息，请使用设备选择菜单。
在较小的注意事项上，如果您想计算与Apple设备 上的各种应用程序交互的次数，请选择Pickups侧选项卡。(Pickups )
如何施加应用程序限制
如果您的“屏幕使用时间”(Time)使用统计数据表明您在Mac上(Mac)花费了太多时间，效率低下(spending too much time unproductively)，您可以开始对应用程序类别或单个应用程序应用时间限制。您还可以创建包含多个类别和应用程序的自定义组。
1. 切换到屏幕时间中的应用程序限制(App Limits)侧选项卡。
2. 选择+图标开始添加新的应用限制。
3. 选择一个应用类别。如果您想对特定应用施加时间限制，请展开类别并选中您希望包含的应用旁边的框。
4. 指定时限；默认情况下，它应该适用于一周中的每一天。如果要创建自定义计划，请 选择自定义(Custom )旁边的单选按钮。
注意：(Note:)如果您是父母，则应选择“在限制结束时阻止”(Block at end of limit )选项（仅当您设置了屏幕时间(Time)密码时才可见）以防止您的孩子绕过时间限制。
5. 选择完成(Done )以保存您的设置。对您要应用的任何其他应用程序限制重复(Repeat)步骤2至4 。
一旦您超过设定的时间限制，您的 Mac 将自动阻止您使用类别或自定义组中的应用程序。(Mac)您可以选择忽略限制，因此自律确实是一个因素。
如果您为孩子设置应用程序限制，时间限制(Time Limit)叠加层将提供一个“要求更多时间”(Ask For More Time)选项，他或她可以选择该选项来向您询问更多时间。您将在 iPhone、iPad 或Mac上收到通知，然后您可以在其中批准或拒绝请求。
此外，您可以随时前往“屏幕时间”中的“(Time)应用程序限制”(App Limits)部分编辑、禁用或删除应用程序限制。
注意：(Note:) 应用程序(App)限制适用于您的所有Apple设备。如果您在Safari(Safari)上应用了时间限制，则在 iPhone 上使用该应用程序将计入您在Mac上使用它的时间。
如何设置停机时间
除了应用程序限制之外，您还可以强制自己在一天中的特定时间停止使用您的Mac（和其他Apple设备）并设置停机时间。(Apple)在此期间，您将仅被限制允许使用的应用程序（下一个更多内容）。
切换到停机时间(Downtime )侧选项卡并选择打开(Turn On)，您可以选择设置一周中的每一天停机时间(Downtime)或自定义计划。
如何始终允许应用程序
无论(Regardless)应用程序限制或停机时间安排如何，您都需要不受限制地访问至少一些基本应用程序。例如，您可能希望在一天中的任何时间继续使用消息等应用程序。
要解决这个问题，请选择“始终允许”选项卡，然后选中要从屏幕(Always Allowed)时间(Time)限制中排除的每个应用程序旁边的框。
如何设置通信限制
Mac上的Screen Time还允许您通过“通信(Communication )”侧选项卡对FaceTime和消息(Messages)等应用程序施加通信限制。
在屏幕时间(During screen time )部分下，选择仅限(Contacts Only )联系人或至少有一个联系人的联系人和群组，以(Contacts & Groups with at Least One Contact )根据需要限制一对一和群组对话。
此外，您可以将停机期间的对话仅限于特定联系人。在停机期间(During downtime )部分下，选择特定联系人(Specific Contacts )并使用编辑(Edit )按钮将其选中。
如何管理内容和隐私
屏幕时间(Time)提供了许多面向父母的内容管理选项。切换到Content & Privacy侧选项卡并在Content、Stores、Apps和Other部分之间移动以访问它们。您可以选择阻止成人网站、露骨的书籍和音乐、Game Center中的私人消息等。但是，一些可用的限制只会影响 iOS 和 iPadOS 设备。
远程设置屏幕时间
如果您为Apple ID设置了 iCloud 家庭共享(set up iCloud Family Sharing)，则可以远程对儿童帐户施加时间限制。从您的个人资料肖像下方的菜单中选择帐户。
然后，您可以查看孩子的应用使用统计信息并开始应用应用限制和停机时间安排。然后，这些限制将影响与孩子帐户相关的所有Apple设备。(Apple)
密切关注您的屏幕时间
如果您想在Mac上检查自己或他人， (Mac)Mac上的Screen Time是必不可少的工具。查看应用使用统计数据是充分利用应用的关键。确保定期执行此操作，并相应地重新调整应用程序限制和停机时间安排。
How to Set Up and Use Screen Time on Mac
With the releаѕe of macOS Catalina, Apple introduced Screen Time on the Mac. It works similar to Scrеen Time on the iPhone and iPad and allows you to keep close tabs on—and еvеn manage—уour Mac usage habits. To make things bеtter, it also doubles up as a pоwerful parental management tool.
Below, you will learn everything you need to know about setting up Screen Time and using it on your Mac.
How to Enable Screen Time on Mac
Provided that your Mac has macOS 10.15 Catalina or later installed, you can enable Screen Time by heading over to the System Preferences pane.
1. Open the Apple menu and select System Preferences.
2. Select Screen Time.
3. Select Options to the lower-left of the Screen Time pane. Then, select the button labeled Turn On to activate Screen Time on your Mac.
You can also check the box next to Share across devices if you want to share your Screen Time stats across other iOS, iPadOS, and macOS devices tied to your Apple ID.
Additionally, you can set up a Screen Time passcode. If you’re a parent, that should come in useful when enforcing app limits or a downtime schedule (more on that later). But, it’s best used on standard accounts since administrator user accounts can bypass passcode restrictions.
If you choose to add a Screen Time passcode on an administrator account, select Don’t allow this user to administer this account to convert it to a standard user account.
How to Monitor App Usage
After enabling Screen Time, you can start checking your app usage stats in bar chart form by selecting the App Usage side-tab. Each bar represents a day, and you can use the arrow buttons to the top-right of the screen to move through your Screen Time history.
You can also select a bar to view a breakdown of usage stats by category (Social, Games, Productivity & Finance, etc.). Furthermore, you can switch between the Apps and the Categories tabs to the lower portion of the window to check usage time by app or category.
If you selected the Share across devices option earlier, the app usage stats would include your activity on other Apple devices as well. Use the pull-down menu to the bottom of the screen to check for usage stats by device instead.
Aside from the App Usage section, you can switch to the Notifications side-tab to check out the number of notifications that you’ve received by app. Again, use the device selection menu if you want to filter stats by device.
On a lesser note, select the Pickups side-tab if you want to figure the number of times that you’ve interacted with the various apps on your Apple devices.
How to Impose App Limits
If your Screen Time usage stats indicate that you’re spending too much time unproductively with your Mac, you can start applying time limits to app categories or individual apps. You can also create custom groups that consist of multiple categories and apps.
1. Switch to the App Limits side-tab in Screen Time.
2. Select the + icon to start adding a new app limit.
3. Select an app category. If you want to impose time limits on specific apps, expand the categories and check the boxes next to the apps you wish to include.
4. Specify a time limit; by default, it should apply to every day of the week. Select the radio button next to Custom instead if you want to create a custom schedule.
Note: If you’re a parent, you should select the Block at end of limit option (visible only if you’ve set up a Screen Time passcode) to prevent your child from bypassing the time limit.
5. Select Done to save your settings. Repeat steps 2–4 for any other app limits that you want to apply.
Your Mac will then automatically block you from using apps within a category or custom group once you’ve exceeded the set time limit. You can choose to ignore the limit, so self-discipline does play a factor.
If you set up app limits for a child, the Time Limit overlay will feature an Ask For More Time option that he or she can select to ask you for more time. You’ll receive a notification on your iPhone, iPad, or Mac, where you can then approve or decline the request.
Additionally, you can edit, disable, or delete app limits anytime you want by heading over to the App Limits section in Screen Time.
Note: App limits apply to all of your Apple devices. If you applied a time limit on Safari, using the app on the iPhone will count against the time you can spend using it on the Mac.
How to Set Downtime
In addition to app limits, you can force yourself to stop using your Mac (and other Apple devices) at a particular time of the day with a downtime schedule. During that period, you’ll be restricted allowed apps only (more on that next).
Switch to the Downtime side-tab and select Turn On, and you can choose to set up Downtime every day of the week or as a custom schedule.
How to Always Allow Apps
Regardless of app limits or a downtime schedule, you will need unrestricted access to at least a few essential apps. For example, you may want to keep using an app such as Messages at any time of the day.
To sort that out, select the Always Allowed tab and check the boxes next to each app that you want to exclude from Screen Time restrictions.
How to Set Communication Limits
Screen Time on Mac also allows you to impose communication limits on apps such as FaceTime and Messages via the Communication side-tab.
Under the During screen time section, select Contacts Only or Contacts & Groups with at Least One Contact to limit one-on-one and group conversations as needed.
Additionally, you can restrict conversations during downtime to specific contacts only. Under the During downtime section, select Specific Contacts and use the Edit button to select them.
How to Manage Content & Privacy
Screen Time provides a host of content management options geared toward parents. Switch to the Content & Privacy side-tab and move between the Content, Stores, Apps, and Other sections to access them. You can choose to block adult websites, explicit books and music, private messaging in the Game Center, and more. Some of the available restrictions, however, will only affect iOS and iPadOS devices.
Set Up Screen Time Remotely
If you’ve set up iCloud Family Sharing for your Apple ID, you can impose time limits on child accounts remotely. Select the account from the menu underneath your profile portrait.
You can then review the child’s app usage statistics and go about applying app limits and downtime schedules. The restrictions will then affect all Apple devices related to the child’s account.
Keep Tabs on Your Screen Time
Screen Time on Mac is an indispensable tool if you want to keep yourself—or others—in check on the Mac. Reviewing app usage statistics is key to getting the best out of it. Make sure to do that regularly and re-adjust app limits and downtime schedules accordingly.
