Safari作为(Safari)Mac上性能最好的网络浏览器一直享有盛誉。令人难以置信(Incredibly)的是，macOS Big Sur让它变得更好。与Chrome相比， (Chrome)Safari现在不仅速度提高了 50% ，而且比以前更节能。
但是，除非您将浏览器个性化以按照您希望的方式工作，否则所有这些都无关紧要。因此，在下面，您将找到有关在 macOS Big Sur中自定义(Big Sur)Safari最重要方面所需了解的所有信息。
自定义 Safari 起始页
启动Safari(Safari)时首先看到的是起始页。使用 macOS Big Sur，它的细节也更加丰富，您已经注意到以下部分：
- 收藏夹(Favorites)：显示您的顶级书签。
- 经常访问(Frequently Visited)：显示您经常访问的网站。
- 隐私报告(Privacy Report)：列出浏览器已阻止的跟踪器数量。
- Siri 建议(Siri Suggestions)：基于机器学习的网站链接。
- 阅读列表(Reading List)：您的阅读列表中的缩略图。
- iCloud 标签(iCloud Tabs)：从其他Apple设备打开Safari标签。(Safari)
如果开始页面看起来太杂乱，您可以轻松地降低内容。选择屏幕右下角的选项按钮。(Options )然后，取消选中要删除的部分旁边的框。例如，您可以摆脱所有内容，只保留“经常访问(Frequently Visited)”和“阅读列表”(Reading List)部分可见。
现在到了有趣的部分：您还可以更改Safari(Safari)中的默认起始页背景图像。使用“选项(Options)”弹出按钮上的水平滚动条将其显示出来并进行选择。或者，您可以添加图像 — 选择添加(Add )缩略图从您的Mac中选择一张。
自定义新的 Safari 窗口
您可以将macOS Big Sur中的(Big Sur)Safari配置为在每次打开新窗口时显示起始页以外的内容。转到Mac 菜单栏上的Safari > Preferences以调出浏览器的(Preferences )Preferences窗格。
在“常规”部分下，使用“(General )新窗口打开(New windows open with)方式”旁边的下拉菜单，然后在以下选项之间进行选择：
- 起始页(Start Page)：打开默认起始页。
- 主页：(Homepage: )显示您想要的任何网站。
- 空页：(Empty Page: )打开一个没有任何内容的窗口。
- 同一页面(Same Page)：在当前窗口中加载同一页面。
- 收藏夹选项卡：将所有收藏夹(Tabs for Favorites:) 加载(Loads)到单独的选项卡中。
- 选择标签文件夹：(Choose tabs folder:) 加载(Loads)特定收藏夹(Favorites)或书签(Bookmarks)文件夹中的所有页面。
如果您选择主页(Homepage)，则必须将要打开的网站的URL添加到(URL)主页(Homepage)旁边的字段中。您还可以将主页(Home)按钮添加到Safari工具栏，以便在需要时调出主页——接下来您将了解如何操作。
此外，您可以使用Safari 的打开方式(Safari opens with)下拉菜单来确定当您开始新的浏览会话时Safari的启动方式。
选项包括一个新窗口(A new window )（默认）、一个新的私人窗口(A new private window )（如果你有隐私意识的(privacy-conscious)话是理想的）、上一个会话的所有窗口(All windows from the last session)（如果你想从你离开的地方继续）和所有非私人窗口从上届会议开始(All non-private windows from the last session)。
在 macOS Big Sur上自定义Safari 工具栏(Safari Toolbar)
Safari工具栏（包括地址栏和周边区域）默认显示一些快速控件，例如边栏(Sidebar)、Back/Forward和共享(Share)。它也是高度可定制的。
转到查看(View )>自定义工具栏(Customize Toolbar )以打开工具栏自定义窗格。然后，您可以开始将新项目拖入工具栏——主页、邮件(Mail)、网站首选项(Websites Preferences)等——或将您不想要的控件拖出。
您还可以随意移动，使用灵活空间(Flexible Space)块在图标之间添加空白空间，并更改地址栏的位置（甚至完全删除它）。选择完成(Done )以保存您的更改。
如果您想回到以前的样子，只需将默认设置从工具栏自定义窗格的底部拖放到Safari工具栏中即可。
自定义选项卡的工作方式
通常，您在使用Safari时可能会(Safari)打开几十个标签页。您可以做一些事情来更改选项卡的工作方式。
首先(Start)打开 Safari 的首选项(Preferences)窗格。在常规(General )部分下，您可以使用新标签打开方式旁边的菜单并在以下选项之间进行选择来确定新标签的打开方式：(New tabs open with)
- 起始页(Start Page)：打开默认起始页
- 空页(Empty Page)：打开一个空白选项卡
- 主页(Homepage)：打开主页
- 同一页面(Same Page)：复制您当前的标签
首选项(Preferences)窗格的选项卡(Tabs )部分还提供了一些选项，可让您确定选项卡行为。例如，如果您希望Safari自动将焦点转移到新标签上，您可以选中当新标签页或窗口打开时，将其激活。( When a new tab or window opens, make it active)
自定义 Safari 智能搜索
Safari允许您使用地址栏或智能搜索(Smart Search)字段搜索任何内容。默认情况下，它使用Google生成搜索结果。
要更改它，请进入浏览器的“首选项”(Preferences )窗格并切换到“搜索(Search)”部分。然后，使用搜索引擎(Search engine )旁边的下拉菜单在Yahoo、Bing和DuckDuckGo之间进行选择。
由于智能搜索(Smart Search)字段充满了搜索引擎建议，因此 Safari 的建议、收藏夹和热门点击不要忘记取消选中智能搜索字段(Smart Search Field)旁边相关选项旁边的某些框以减少混乱。
另一件事；切换到高级(Advanced )部分并选中显示完整的网站地址(Show full website address)选项以使Safari在地址栏中显示完整的网站URL 。(URLs)
使用扩展自定义 Safari
与Chrome和Firefox相比，对(Firefox)Safari的扩展支持相当有限。但是仍有相当数量的内容可以帮助您增强浏览体验。
例如，您可以使用Honey来获取超值优惠，使用Grammarly来修正拼写错误，使用Evernote Web Clipper在笔记中添加内容等。您还可以安装内容拦截器来删除(install a content blocker to remove ads)Safari中加载的广告和其他不需要的内容。
转到Safari > Safari Extensions以从(Safari Extensions)Mac App Store搜索和下载扩展。然后，您可以通过进入浏览器首选项(Preferences)窗格的扩展(Extensions)部分来管理它们。大多数活动的扩展将出现在Safari工具栏中。
在 Safari 中自定义网站
Safari提供了几种改变网站工作方式的方法。首先通过View > Customize Toolbar将(Customize Toolbar)网站(Website) 首选项(Preferences)图标添加到工具栏。然后，加载一个网站并选择网站首选项(Website Preferences)图标以显示可用的自定义选项。
例如，您可以选择以阅读器(Reader)模式打开网站、将其设置为加载或不加载内容拦截器、更改页面缩放设置等。您还可以修改摄像头、麦克风和位置权限。
Safari会记住您的偏好并每次都以您想要的方式加载网站。要管理您已配置的网站或将您的首选项应用到所有网站，请进入浏览器首选项中的网站(Websites )部分。
使用更多 Safari 调整
除了上述自定义之外，您还可以使用浏览器的“首选项”(Preferences)窗格对Safari进行许多额外的调整。您可以更改默认下载位置(change the default download location)、修改自动填充(AutoFill)在 Web 表单上的工作方式、更改您的隐私和安全设置等等。Apple在布局整齐方面做得很好，所以不要害怕花一些时间在引擎盖下工作。
How to Customize Safari in macOS Big Sur
Safari always had a strong reputation for being the best performing web browsеr on the Mac. Incredibly, macOS Big Sur has made it even better. Not only is Safari now up to fifty percent faster compared to Chrome, but it’s also much more power-efficient than before.
However, all of that won’t matter unless you personalize the browser to work the way you want it to. So below, you will find everything that you need to know about customizing the most important aspects of Safari in macOS Big Sur.
Customize the Safari Start Page
The start page is the first thing you’ll see whenever you launch Safari. With macOS Big Sur, it’s also a lot richer in detail, and you’d have already noticed the following sections:
- Favorites: Shows your top-level bookmarks.
- Frequently Visited: Displays sites that you’ve visited frequently.
- Privacy Report: Lists the number of trackers that the browser has blocked.
- Siri Suggestions: Links to websites based on machine learning.
- Reading List: Thumbnails from your Reading List.
- iCloud Tabs: Open Safari tabs from other Apple devices.
If the start page looks too cluttered, you can tone things down easily. Select the Options button in the lower-right corner of the screen. Then, uncheck the boxes next to the sections that you want to remove. For example, you can get rid of everything and only keep the Frequently Visited and Reading List sections visible.
Now to the fun part: you can also change the default start page background image in Safari. Use the horizontal scroll bar on the Options fly-out to bring them to view and make your pick. Or, you can add your images—select the Add thumbnail to pick one from your Mac.
Customize New Safari Windows
You can configure Safari in macOS Big Sur to display something other than the start page when you open a new window each time. Go to Safari > Preferences on the Mac’s menu bar to bring up the browser’s Preferences pane.
Under the General section, use the pull-down menu next to New windows open with and pick between the following options:
- Start Page: Opens the default start page.
- Homepage: Displays any website that you want.
- Empty Page: Opens a window with nothing in it.
- Same Page: Loads the same page in your current window.
- Tabs for Favorites: Loads all your favorites in separate tabs.
- Choose tabs folder: Loads all pages from a specific Favorites or Bookmarks folder.
If you chose Homepage, you must add the URL of the website that you want to open into the field next to Homepage. You can also add a Home button to the Safari toolbar to bring up the homepage whenever you want—you’ll figure out how to do that next.
Additionally, you can use the Safari opens with pull-down menu to determine how Safari launches when you begin a new browsing session.
Options include A new window (the default), A new private window (ideal if you’re privacy-conscious), All windows from the last session (if you want to pick up where you left off), and All non-private windows from the last session.
Customize the Safari Toolbar on macOS Big Sur
The Safari toolbar—which includes the address bar and surrounding areas—displays a handful of quick controls such as Sidebar, Back/Forward, and Share by default. It’s also highly customizable.
Go to View > Customize Toolbar to open the toolbar customization pane. Then, you can start dragging new items into the toolbar—Home, Mail, Websites Preferences, etc.—or drag controls that you don’t want out of it.
You can also shuffle things around, add vacant spaces between icons using the Flexible Space block, and change the position of the address bar (or even remove it altogether). Select Done to save your changes.
If you want to go back to how things looked previously, just drag the default set from the bottom of the toolbar customization pane and drop it into the Safari toolbar.
Customize How Tabs Work
Often, you’ll likely end up with dozens of open tabs while using Safari. There are a few things that you can do to change how tabs work.
Start by opening Safari’s Preferences pane. Under the General section, you can determine the way new tabs open by using the menu next to New tabs open with and selecting between the following options:
- Start Page: Opens the default start page
- Empty Page: Opens a blank tab
- Homepage: Opens the Homepage
- Same Page: Duplicates your current tab
The Tabs section of the Preferences pane also provides a handful of options that allow you to determine tab behavior. For instance, you can check the box next to When a new tab or window opens, make it active if you want Safari to shift focus to new tabs automatically.
Customize Safari Smart Search
Safari lets you search for anything using the address bar, or Smart Search field. By default, it uses Google to generate search results.
To change that, head into the browser’s Preferences pane and switch to the Search section. Then, use the drop-down menu next to Search engine to pick between Yahoo, Bing, and DuckDuckGo.
Since the Smart Search field is filled with search engine suggestions, Safari’s suggestions, favorites, and top hits don’t forget to uncheck some of the boxes next to the relevant options next to Smart Search Field to reduce the clutter.
One other thing; switch to the Advanced section and check the Show full website address option to make Safari reveal complete website URLs within the address bar.
Customize Safari Using Extensions
Compared to Chrome and Firefox, extension support for Safari is rather limited. But there’s still a fair amount that can help enhance your browsing experience.
For example, you can use Honey to grab awesome deals, Grammarly to brush up on typos, Evernote Web Clipper to add stuff to your notes, etc. You can also install a content blocker to remove ads and other unwanted stuff from loading in Safari.
Go to Safari > Safari Extensions to search for and download extensions from the Mac App Store. You can then manage them by heading into the Extensions section of the browser’s Preferences pane. Most active extensions will appear within the Safari toolbar.
Customize Websites in Safari
Safari offers several ways to change how websites work. Start by adding a Website Preferences icon to the toolbar via View > Customize Toolbar. Then, load a website and select the Website Preferences icon to reveal available customization options.
For example, you can choose to open the website in Reader mode, set it to load with or without content blockers, change the page zoom settings, and so on. You can also modify the camera, microphone, and location permissions.
Safari will remember your preferences and load the website the way you want each time. To manage sites that you’ve configured or to apply your preferences to all websites in general, head into the Websites section in the browser Preferences.
Work With More Safari Tweaks
Besides the customizations above, you can perform a host of additional tweaks to Safari using the browser’s Preferences pane. You can change the default download location, modify how AutoFill works on web forms, change your privacy and security settings, and so on. Apple has done a great job of laying things out neatly, so don’t be afraid to spend some time working on things under the hood.
