如果您想出售MacBook，最好在重新安装 macOS 之前重新格式化内部存储。这减少了任何个人数据被泄露的机会。但是，如果您不记得 Mac 用户帐户的密码怎么办？
在忘记密码的情况下重新格式化Mac(Mac)上的内部存储取决于其型号，以及您是否使用Apple ID登录。
您的Mac 可能会(Mac May Be)受到激活锁的保护(Activation Lock)
如果您仅通过离线用户帐户使用 MacBook，即使您忘记了密码，您也可以在macOS 恢复功能中快速重新格式化它并从头开始设置 macOS。(macOS Recovery)
但是，如果您使用Apple ID登录(Apple ID)Mac并打开了“查找我的 Mac ”，这可能会使事情复杂化。(Find My Mac)在Apple Silicon(Apple Silicon)上运行或包含Apple T2 安全芯片(Apple T2 Security Chip)的macOS 设备部署了一项称为激活锁(Activation Lock)的功能，可防止未经授权访问 macOS恢复(Recovery)功能。
但是，如果您拥有Mac，您可以简单地使用您的 Apple ID 密码来重置密码或绕过激活锁(Activation Lock)。如果您从其他人处购买或收到Mac，您必须要求该人通过iCloud.com远程解除(iCloud.com)激活锁(Activation Lock)。否则无法重新格式化Mac 。
在开始之前尝试解除密码(Password)
在开始之前，最好尝试将密码重置为Mac的用户帐户。这使您可以备份Mac上的任何数据，以及从您的Apple ID注销，以尽量减少以后与 iCloud 相关的并发症。如果您不想这样做并且只想快速格式化Mac，请跳至下一部分。
使用您的 Apple ID 凭据(Use Your Apple ID Credentials)
第一种方法涉及使用您的Apple ID凭据。尝试在 Mac 的用户帐户中总共登录 3 次。第三次尝试失败后，您应该会收到提示，要求您使用Apple ID重置密码。去做吧。
使用不同的管理员帐户(Use a Different Administrator Account)
第二种方法涉及使用另一个管理员帐户。如果您的Mac上有一个，请登录并前往系统偏好设置(System Preferences)>用户和组(Users and Groups)。然后，选择您要重置的用户帐户并选择Reset Password。
如果您设法解除密码(If You Managed to Lift the Password)
如果您设法重设了 Mac 的密码，请在格式化您的 Mac(Mac)之前(Mac)执行以下操作。
使用 Time Machine 备份数据(Back up data using Time Machine)：连接外部驱动器并前往System Preferences > Time Machine以创建 Mac 数据的完整备份。
退出 iMessage(Sign out of iMessage)：打开信息应用程序并在菜单栏上选择信息(Messages)>首选项。(Preferences)然后，切换到iMessage选项卡，然后选择注销(Sign Out)。
禁用“查找我的 Mac(Disable Find My Mac) ”：转到“系统偏好设置”( System Preferences) > “ Apple ID ”并取消选中“查找(Apple ID)我的 Mac(My Mac) ”旁边的框。
登出 iCloud(Sign out of iCloud)：前往系统偏好设置( System Preferences)> Apple ID >概览(Overview)并选择登出(Sign Out)。
可选：删除所有内容和设置(Optional: Erase All Content and Settings)
如果您的MacBook在 macOS Monterey或更高版本上运行，您有一个内置选项，可让您在出售之前擦除所有数据和设置。这纯粹是可选的；无论如何，您仍然可以格式化您的Mac并重新安装 macOS。
要访问它，请打开系统(System)偏好设置应用程序。然后，选择System Preferences > Erase All Content and Settings。
如何进入 macOS 恢复
(MacBooks)在Apple Silicon(Apple Silicon)和Intel芯片组上运行的MacBook需要不同的程序才能进入 macOS恢复(Recovery)。以下说明假设您尚未重置Mac的密码。如果有，只需在需要时插入密码。
苹果硅 Mac(Apple Silicon Macs)
1. 关闭你的 MacBook。
2. 按住电源(Power)按钮将其重新打开，但不要松开它，直到屏幕上显示 正在加载启动选项消息。(Loading startup options)
3. 在启动(Startup) 选项(Options)屏幕上，选择选项(Options)并选择继续(Continue)。macOS恢复(Recovery)将立即加载。
4. 如果您使用Apple ID登录(Apple ID)Mac，请选择忘记所有密码？(Forgot All Passwords?)在帐户选择屏幕上。然后，输入您的Apple ID密码以绕过激活锁(Activation Lock)。
5. 选择磁盘工具(Disk Utility)并选择继续(Continue)。
英特尔 Mac(Intel Macs)
1. 关闭你的 MacBook。
2.重新打开它，但立即按住Command + R。看到Apple标志后释放。macOS恢复(Recovery)将立即显示。
3. 如果Mac包含Apple T2 安全(Apple T2 Security)芯片并且您还使用Apple ID登录，请选择忘记所有密码？(Forgot All Passwords?)在帐户选择屏幕上并插入您的Apple ID以继续。
4. 选择磁盘工具(Disk Utility)并选择继续(Continue)。
格式化你的 MacBook(Formatting Your MacBook)
进入 macOS Recovery后，您可以加载Disk Utility来格式化您的MacBook。
1.在磁盘工具边栏上选择Macintosh HD 。
2. 选择擦除(Erase)。
3. 将格式设置为APFS。
4. 选择擦除(Erase)以格式化您的 Macbook。
5. 选择完成(Done)。
重新安装 macOS(Reinstalling macOS)
格式化 MacBook 后，您可以重新安装 macOS。
1.在菜单栏上选择磁盘工具(Disk Utility)>退出(Exit) 磁盘工具。(Disk Utility)
2.在 macOS 恢复中选择重新安装 macOS 。(Reinstall macOS)
3. 选择Macintosh HD作为目标分区，然后按照屏幕上的说明重新安装 macOS。
安装完 macOS 后，您可以设置 MacBook 以供个人使用，并通过 Time Machine 恢复备份的数据(restore backed up data via Time Machine)。或者，如果您打算出售它，请按Command + Q离开设置屏幕。(Q)
在没有密码(Password)的情况下重新格式化Mac可能会很复杂
如您所见，使用激活锁(Activation Lock)重新格式化 MacBook可能很复杂。但只要您没有忘记您的Apple ID ，您应该不会在重置密码或访问 macOS(Apple ID)恢复(Recovery)功能时遇到问题。
How To Reformat Your MacBook Without a Password
If you want to sell your MaсBook, it’s considered good рractice to reformat the internal storage before reinstalling macOS. That reduces the chances of having any personal data compromised. But what if yоu can’t remember the password to your Mac’s uѕer accoυnt?
Reformatting the internal storage on a Mac with a forgotten password depends on its model, and if you’ve signed into it with an Apple ID or not.
Your Mac May Be Secured With Activation Lock
If you use your MacBook with just an offline user account, you can quickly reformat it in macOS Recovery and set up macOS from scratch even if you’ve forgotten its password.
But if you’ve signed into your Mac with an Apple ID and have Find My Mac turned on, that might complicate things. macOS devices that run on Apple Silicon or contain the Apple T2 Security Chip deploy a feature called Activation Lock that prevents unauthorized access to macOS Recovery.
However, if you own the Mac, you can simply use your Apple ID’s passcode to reset the passcode or bypass Activation Lock. If you bought or received the Mac from someone else, you must ask the person to lift the Activation Lock remotely via iCloud.com. It’s impossible to reformat the Mac otherwise.
Try Lifting the Password Before You Start
Before you start, it’s always a good idea to try and reset the password to your Mac’s user account. That allows you to back up any data on your Mac, as well as sign out from your Apple ID to minimize iCloud-related complications later. If you don’t want to do that and just want to format your Mac quickly, jump ahead to the next section.
Use Your Apple ID Credentials
The first method involves using your Apple ID credentials. Try logging in a total of three times into your Mac’s user account. After the third failed attempt, you should get a prompt asking you to reset the passcode using your Apple ID. Do it.
Use a Different Administrator Account
The second method involves using another administrator account. If you have one on your Mac, sign into it and head over to System Preferences > Users and Groups. Then, pick the user account you want to reset and select Reset Password.
If You Managed to Lift the Password
If you managed to reset the password to your Mac, perform the following actions before formatting your Mac.
Back up data using Time Machine: Connect an external drive and head over to System Preferences > Time Machine to create a complete backup of Mac’s data.
Sign out of iMessage: Open the Messages app and select Messages > Preferences on the menu bar. Then, switch to the iMessage tab, and select Sign Out.
Disable Find My Mac: Go to System Preferences > Apple ID and uncheck the box next to Find My Mac.
Sign out of iCloud: Go to System Preferences > Apple ID > Overview and select Sign Out.
Optional: Erase All Content and Settings
If your MacBook runs on macOS Monterey or later, you have a built-in option that lets you wipe all data and settings before selling it. This is purely optional; you can still format your Mac and reinstall macOS regardless.
To get to it, open the System Preferences app. Then, select System Preferences > Erase All Content and Settings.
How To Enter macOS Recovery
MacBooks running on Apple Silicon and Intel chipsets require different procedures to enter macOS Recovery. The following instructions assume that you haven’t reset the password to your Mac. If you have, simply insert the password whenever it’s needed.
Apple Silicon Macs
1. Shut down your MacBook.
2. Hold down the Power button to turn it back on, but do not let go of it until the Loading startup options message shows up on the screen.
3. On the Startup Options screen, choose Options and select Continue. macOS Recovery will load momentarily.
4. If you’ve signed into your Mac with an Apple ID, select Forgot All Passwords? on the account selection screen. Then, enter your Apple ID password to bypass the Activation Lock.
5. Choose Disk Utility and select Continue.
Intel Macs
1. Shut down your MacBook.
2. Turn it back on, but immediately press and hold Command + R. Release once you see the Apple logo. macOS Recovery will show up momentarily.
3. If the Mac consists of an Apple T2 Security chip and you’ve also signed into it with an Apple ID, select Forgot All Passwords? on the account selection screen and insert your Apple ID to proceed.
4. Choose Disk Utility and select Continue.
Formatting Your MacBook
After entering macOS Recovery, you can load Disk Utility to format your MacBook.
1. Select Macintosh HD on the Disk Utility sidebar.
2. Select Erase.
3. Set Format to APFS.
4. Select Erase to format your Macbook.
5. Select Done.
Reinstalling macOS
After formatting your MacBook, you can reinstall macOS.
1. Select Disk Utility > Exit Disk Utility on the menu bar.
2. Select Reinstall macOS in macOS Recovery.
3. Select Macintosh HD as the target partition and work your way through the onscreen instructions to reinstall macOS.
Once you’ve finished installing macOS, you can set up your MacBook for personal use and restore backed up data via Time Machine. Or, press Command + Q to leave the setup screen if you plan to sell it.
Reformatting a Mac Without a Password Can Be Complicated
As you just saw, reformatting a MacBook with Activation Lock can be complicated. But as long as you haven’t forgotten your Apple ID, you shouldn’t have trouble resetting your password or accessing macOS Recovery.
