想玩Ubuntu看看你是否可以处理Linux？好吧(Well)，它是完全免费的，所以没有理由不试一试。但是，您需要备用计算机或当前计算机上的备用硬盘驱动器才能运行它。
如果您没有这些选项或不想弄乱现有系统，您可以将Ubuntu安装到主 PC 上的虚拟机中。我使用的免费工具叫做VirtualBox。它与VMware Workstation(VMware Workstation)非常相似，只是它是免费的。
在本文中，我将向您展示如何在您当前的操作系统（可以是Windows、Mac或Linux ）中快速获得一个作为虚拟机运行的(Linux)Ubuntu副本。
在 VirtualBox 中安装 Ubuntu
首先，继续使用上面的链接下载VirtualBox并安装它。这是一个相当小的程序，因此设置它应该不需要很长时间。一旦你运行它，继续下载(download the version of Ubuntu)你想要运行的 Ubuntu 版本。我下载了桌面(Desktop)版，它是一个 1.4GB 的ISO文件。
现在单击左上角的新建按钮以创建一个新的虚拟机。(New)
请注意，一旦您熟悉了在VirtualBox(VirtualBox)中设置虚拟机的过程，您可以单击专家模式(Expert Mode)按钮以更快地完成所有设置。第一次您应该使用向导。在以下屏幕上，我们必须选择操作系统。
您可以使用此工具安装许多不同的操作系统，但我们在这里只使用Ubuntu Linux。就我而言，我选择了Linux作为Type，然后选择了Ubuntu。该程序只给了我 32 位的选项，因为我使用的是旧硬件。理想情况下，您应该安装 64 位版本的操作系统。如果VirtualBox 只显示 32 位选项而没有 64 位选项，请查看这篇文章以获取补救措施(this post for the remedy)。
接下来，选择要分配给虚拟机的内存量。它会给你一个推荐的数量，但你总是可以使用滑块手动调整它。
接下来，您可以选择是否将虚拟硬盘添加到虚拟机。没有硬盘驱动器的 VM 是毫无用处的，因此请继续选择Create a virtual hard disk now，除非您已经创建了一个。
单击创建(Create)，下一个屏幕将为您提供硬盘文件类型的三个选项。您可以选择VDI、VHD或VMDK。VDI是 VirtualBox 使用的格式，VHD是 Microsoft 的Hyper-V使用的格式，VMDK是VMware使用的格式。如果您计划将来将此虚拟机移动到另一个平台，请确保选择适当的文件类型。
在下一个屏幕上，您必须选择是希望新虚拟磁盘动态增长还是使用固定大小的磁盘。固定大小磁盘的唯一优点是使用起来通常更快。这意味着您的虚拟机总体上将运行得更快。
接下来，您可以调整虚拟硬盘的大小。无论您之前选择了哪个选项，您都会看到此屏幕。如果您选择动态分配(dynamically allocated)，您在此处选择的磁盘大小将是磁盘可以增长的最大大小。如果您选择Fixed size，那么这里的大小将是开始时虚拟硬盘的实际大小。
在此之后，应该创建Ubuntu虚拟机。(Ubuntu)请注意，我们还没有实际安装Ubuntu！我们仍然必须将虚拟机指向ISO文件，然后使用该ISO启动以安装Ubuntu。为此，您需要单击列表中的Ubuntu，然后单击Settings。
单击左侧的Storage ，然后单击(Storage)Controller: IDE。您应该在Controller: SATA( Controller: SATA)下看到 Ubuntu.vdi 。单击(Click)左侧带有绿色小加号图标的图标。这将为IDE(IDE)控制器添加一个光驱。
在弹出窗口中，单击选择磁盘(Choose disk)，然后浏览到ISO映像的位置。选择它并确保它已添加到IDE下的列表中。
现在回到主界面，点击开始(Start)按钮。这将启动虚拟机，它应该会自动检测ISO映像并开始加载Ubuntu安装程序。
如果一切顺利，您应该会看到一个对话框，您可以在其中选择尝试 Ubuntu(Try Ubuntu)或如果您准备好安装 Ubuntu 。( Install Ubuntu)
Ubuntu的安装过程非常简单，所以我不会介绍那里的每一步。您可以自定义设置的唯一地方是选择要安装它的硬盘驱动器。由于它在虚拟机中，只需选择Erase disk 并安装 Ubuntu(Erase disk and install Ubuntu)。
就是这样！在我的下一篇文章中，我将介绍如何将VirtualBox Guest Additions安装到Ubuntu虚拟机。享受！
How to Install Ubuntu in VirtualBox
Looking to play аround with Ubuntu to seе whether or not you can handle Lіnux? Well, it’s completely free, so there’s no reason to not give it a shot. Howeνer, yоu either need a spаre computer or a spare hard drive on уоur currеnt machine to run it.
If you don’t have those options or don’t want to mess up your existing systems, you can install Ubuntu into a virtual machine on your main PC. The free tool that I use is called VirtualBox. It’s very similar to VMware Workstation, except it’s free.
In this article, I’ll show you how to quickly get a copy of Ubuntu running as a virtual machine inside your current OS, which could be Windows, Mac or Linux.
Install Ubuntu in VirtualBox
First, go ahead and download VirtualBox using the link above and install it. It’s a fairly small program, so it shouldn’t take long to get it setup. Once you have it running, go ahead and download the version of Ubuntu you want to run. I downloaded the Desktop version, which was a 1.4GB ISO file.
Now click on the New button at the top left to create a new virtual machine.
Note that once you are familiar with the process of setting up a virtual machine in VirtualBox, you can click on the Expert Mode button to get through all the settings much faster. The first time you should use the guided wizard. On the following screen, we have to choose the operating system.
You can install a lot of different operating systems using this tool, but we are just working with Ubuntu Linux here. In my case, I chose Linux for Type and then chose Ubuntu. The program only gave me options for 32-bit because I used older hardware. Ideally, you should install the 64-bit versions of operating systems. If VirtualBox is showing you only 32-bit options and no 64-bit options, check out this post for the remedy.
Next, choose the amount of memory you would like to assign to your virtual machine. It’ll give you a recommended amount, but you can always manually adjust this by using the slider.
Next, you have the option of adding a virtual hard disk to the virtual machine or not. A VM without a hard drive is pretty useless, so go ahead and choose Create a virtual hard disk now, unless you already have one created.
Click Create and the next screen will give you three options for the hard disk file type. You can choose from VDI, VHD or VMDK. VDI is the format used by VirtualBox, VHD is used by Microsoft’s Hyper-V and VMDK is used by VMware. If you plan to move this virtual machine to another platform in the future, then make sure to choose the appropriate file type.
On the next screen, you have to choose whether you want the new virtual disk to grow dynamically or whether you want to use a fixed size disk. The only advantage to a fixed size disk is that it is usually faster to use. This means your virtual machine will run faster overall.
Next, you can adjust the size of the virtual hard disk. You will get this screen regardless of which option you chose previously. If you chose dynamically allocated, the disk size you choose here will be the max size the disk can grow. If you chose Fixed size, then the size here will be the actual size of the virtual hard disk to start with.
After this, the Ubuntu virtual machine should be created. Note that we have not actually installed Ubuntu yet! We still have to point the virtual machine to the ISO file and then boot up using that ISO to install Ubuntu. To do this, you need to click Ubuntu in the list and then click on Settings.
Click on Storage on the left-hand side and then click on Controller: IDE. You should see Ubuntu.vdi under Controller: SATA. Click on the left icon with the small green plus icon on it. This will add an optical drive to the IDE controller.
In the popup window, click on Choose disk and then browse to the location of the ISO image. Select it and make sure it has been added to the list under IDE.
Now go back to the main interface and click on the Start button. This will start up the virtual machine and it should automatically detect the ISO image and start loading the Ubuntu installer.
If all went well, you should see the dialog where you can choose to Try Ubuntu or to Install Ubuntu if you are ready.
The Ubuntu install process is pretty straight-forward, so I won’t go through each step there. The only place where you can customize settings is when choosing the hard drive to install it on. Since it’s in a virtual machine, just choose Erase disk and install Ubuntu.
That’s about it! In my next post, I’ll write about how you can install VirtualBox Guest Additions to the Ubuntu virtual machine. Enjoy!
