Windows 10或 11 上无法访问的启动设备错误是一个“蓝屏死机(Boot Device)” （(blue screen of death) BSOD ）(BSOD)错误，会阻止Windows正常启动。有时，它根本不会让您启动Windows，这可能有点令人不安。
但是，一旦您知道导致它的原因，修复无法访问的引导设备错误并不是那么困难。(Boot Device)它通常是（但并非总是）更改系统中的某些内容的结果。但是当 Windows 说启动设备不可访问时，究竟是什么意思呢？
无法访问的引导设备错误(Boot Device Error)（代码 0x0000007b(Code 0x0000007b)）是什么意思？
Inaccessible Boot Device错误意味着Windows在启动系统时无法访问系统分区（即您的硬盘）。这些错误在具有SSD的 PC 上更为常见，并且可能由多种原因引起。
例如，修改您的BIOS设置、过时或损坏的驱动程序、有故障的硬盘或只是更新 Windows 都可能导致错误等等。
您可以尝试几个简单的修复方法。如果您记得更改了一些（软件或硬件）设置，这会更容易。如果您不记得更改任何内容，我们将按照您应该尝试的顺序为您提供修复程序。
但是，在开始之前，您应该知道您需要访问Windows以获取其中一些修复程序。如果您根本无法访问Windows，请尝试启动到安全模式(boot into Safe Mode)。事实上，有时只是启动到安全模式(Safe Mode)然后再次重新启动 PC 有时可以解决问题。所以先试一试。
在 BIOS 中切换到 AHCI
如果您一直在使用BIOS，或者您最近更新了 BIOS(updated your BIOS)，那么这是您首先要尝试的修复方法。BIOS允许您选择SATA驱动器的模式。如果您选择了AHCI以外的模式，则需要修复此问题。
首先进入您的 BIOS(going into your BIOS)。BIOS的界面会因您的制造商而异。所以，你需要环顾四周。但是，一般步骤或多或少是相同的。
在BIOS(BIOS)中查找Storage Configuration > SATA Configuration/SATA Emulation或类似内容。如果您在BIOS(BIOS)中找不到这些，则需要进行一些挖掘并查找“ AHCI ”一词。为您的SATA(SATA)控制器启用 ACHI （或将SATA模式更改为AHCI），这应该可以解决问题。
删除最近(Remove Recently)安装的更新(Update)包
如果您在更新后遇到错误，只需卸载更新包即可解决问题。
您需要使用命令提示符(Command Prompt)来卸载软件包。要在无法启动时使用命令提示符(Command Prompt)，请从蓝屏重新启动 PC 两次。在连续两次失败的引导尝试后，系统将进入自动修复(Automatic Repair)模式。
- 从自动修复(Automatic Repair)模式，导航到高级选项(Advanced options)>疑难解答(Troubleshoot)>高级选项(Advanced options)>命令提示符(Command Prompt)。
- 逐一运行以下命令（即，在每个命令后按Enter 键）：(Enter)
目录 C：(dir C:)
Dism /Image:C:\ /Get-Packages
这里，C 被假定为安装Windows的驱动器。如果您在另一个驱动器上安装了Windows，请使用相关的驱动器号。
运行第二个命令将返回安装在您的 PC 上的更新包列表。
使用此信息查找您认为导致问题的更新包并记下其名称。然后，执行以下命令：
Dism.exe /Image:C:\ /remove-package /[name of the package]
将(Replace)“包名称”替换为实际名称（包标识）。请注意，如果您在Windows内部使用命令提示符(Command Prompt)，则需要对使用 /Image:C 的所有命令使用 /Online 参数。
例如：Dism /Online /Get-Packages。
- 当您使用它时，运行以下命令以删除卡住的挂起更新（如果有）。如果您不确定是否存在任何卡住的未决更新，只需一个接一个地运行这些命令：
reg load hklm\temp c:\windows\system32\config\software
reg delete “HKLM\temp\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\SessionsPending”/v Exclusive
reg unload HKLM\temp
完成后，重新启动电脑，看看一切是否恢复正常。
Update IDE ATA/SATA Controller Drivers
如果以前的修复对您不起作用，那么值得花一分钟时间更新驱动程序。如果驱动程序过时或损坏是导致无法访问引导设备(Boot Device)错误的原因，则更新或重新安装它应该可以修复它。
要更新驱动程序，您需要启动到安全模式(Mode)。进入安全模式(Mode)后：
- 右键单击计算机(Computer)并选择管理(Manage)以启动计算机管理(Computer Management)控制台。
- 从右窗格中选择设备管理器，切换到左窗格，然后选择(Device Manager)IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers旁边的小箭头。
- 右键单击标准SATA AHCI 控制器( SATA AHCI Controller)并选择更新驱动程序(Update driver)。
- 此时，您需要选择是否希望 Windows 自动搜索更新版本的驱动程序并安装它，或者您是否希望使用已下载的驱动程序安装文件。
最好的办法是从制造商的网站上查找并下载适当的驱动程序，然后使用第二种选择，因为您会知道自己拥有所需的正确驱动程序。
接下来，只需按照向导的提示，正常重启电脑即可。
没运气？此时，您可能想查看您的硬盘驱动器是否有一些损坏的文件。
修复硬盘上的错误
硬盘驱动器上的错误也可能导致无法访问的引导设备(Boot Device)。Windows 10（和所有Windows版本）为用户提供了一种自动检查和修复文件系统错误和坏扇区的简单方法。该工具将标记硬坏扇区，因此将来不会使用它们。
您可以使用命令行工具CHKDSK来执行此操作。(CHKDSK)要运行CHKDSK，您需要：
- 像以前一样返回到自动修复(Automatic Repair)模式（即连续两次失败的引导尝试）并运行命令提示符(Command Prompt)（即高级选项(Advanced options )>疑难解答(Troubleshoot )>高级选项(Advanced options)>命令提示符(Command Prompt)），或者
- 启动(Boot)进入安全模式(Safe Mode)并以管理员身份启动命令提示符。(Command Prompt)
命令提示符运行后：
- 如果您从自动修复模式启动命令提示符(Command Prompt)，请执行以下命令：
chkdsk /r C:
- 如果您已从 Windows中启动命令提示符，请执行以下命令：(Command Prompt)
chkdsk /f /r
扫描完成后，重新启动 PC 并查看Inaccessible Boot Device错误是否已解决。
更多修复尝试
如果您仍然遇到无法访问的启动设备(Boot Device)错误，Windows有一个更激进的选项可以尝试。
您可以重置您的 PC(reset your PC)，以便Windows恢复到完好状态，就像您第一次安装它时一样。重置将擦除您的数据，因此请尝试启动 PC 并首先创建备份。
如果您习惯使用计算机硬件，您可能还需要检查电缆是否松动或查看您的任何硬件组件是否已物理损坏。
重新启动并运行
对于不熟悉Windows BSOD的人来说，Inaccessible Boot Device错误可能是一件可怕的事情。但是，在大多数情况下，修复此错误并不需要很多工作。当您因Windows(Windows)错误而遇到严重问题时，请随身携带Windows 系统映像备份(Windows system image backup)，这样您就不必浪费大量时间从头开始重新创建 Windows 环境。
How To Fix an Inaccessible Boot Device on Windows 10/11
Inaccessible Boot Device error on Windows 10 or 11 is a “blue screen of death” (BSOD) error that stops Windows from booting properly. Sometimes, it won’t let you boot into Windows at all, which can be a little bit unnerving.
However, fixing an Inaccessible Boot Device error isn’t all that difficult once you know what caused it. It’s typically, though not always, the result of changing something in your system. But what exactly does Windows mean when it says the boot device isn’t accessible?
What Does the Inaccessible Boot Device Error (Code 0x0000007b) Mean?
The Inaccessible Boot Device error means that Windows failed to access the system partition (i.e., your hard disk) while starting the system. These errors are more common on PCs that have an SSD, and can be caused by several things.
For instance, tinkering with your BIOS settings, outdated or corrupt drivers, a faulty hard disk, or simply updating Windows can cause the error, among other things.
You can try a couple of easy fixes. This is even easier if you remember changing some (software or hardware) settings. If you don’t recollect changing anything, we’ll give you the fixes in the order you should try them.
However, before you start, you should know that you need to access Windows for some of these fixes. If you can’t access Windows at all, try to boot into Safe Mode. In fact, sometimes just booting into Safe Mode and then restarting the PC again sometimes fixes the issue. So give that a try first.
Switch to AHCI in BIOS
If you’ve been spending some time playing around with the BIOS or if you’ve updated your BIOS recently, this is the fix you’d want to try first. The BIOS allows you to choose a mode for SATA drives. If you’ve chosen a mode other than AHCI, you’ll need to fix this.
Start by going into your BIOS. The interface of the BIOS will differ based on your manufacturer. So, you’ll need to look around a little. The general steps, though, are more or less the same.
Look for Storage Configuration > SATA Configuration/SATA Emulation or something similar in the BIOS. If you can’t find these on your BIOS, you’ll need to do some digging and look for the term “AHCI.” Enable ACHI for your SATA controller (or change SATA mode to AHCI), which should fix the problem.
Remove Recently Installed Update Packages
If you encountered the error after an update, just uninstalling the update packages might resolve the issue.
You’ll need to use Command Prompt for uninstalling the packages. To use the Command Prompt when you’re unable to boot, restart the PC from the blue screen two times. After two consecutive failed boot attempts, the system will enter the Automatic Repair mode.
- From the Automatic Repair mode, navigate to Advanced options > Troubleshoot > Advanced options > Command Prompt.
- Run the following commands one-by-one (i.e., press Enter after each one):
dir C:
Dism /Image:C:\ /Get-Packages
Here, C has been assumed as the drive in which Windows is installed. If you’ve installed Windows on another drive, use the relevant drive letter.
Running the second command will return a list of update packages installed on your PC.
Use this information to find the update package you believe is causing the problem and note its name. Then, execute the following command:
Dism.exe /Image:C:\ /remove-package /[name of the package]
Replace the words “name of the package” with the actual name (package identity). Note that if you’re using the Command Prompt from inside Windows, you’ll need to use the /Online parameter for all commands where /Image:C has been used.
For instance: Dism /Online /Get-Packages.
- While you’re at it, run the following commands to remove pending updates that are stuck, if any. If you aren’t sure about the presence of any stuck pending updates, just run these commands one-by-one anyway:
reg load hklm\temp c:\windows\system32\config\software
reg delete “HKLM\temp\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing\SessionsPending”/v Exclusive
reg unload HKLM\temp
When you’re done, restart the PC and see if everything’s back to normal.
Update IDE ATA/SATA Controller Drivers
If the previous fixes didn’t work for you, it’s worth spending a minute updating the drivers. If an outdated or corrupt driver is the reason for the Inaccessible Boot Device error, updating or reinstalling it should fix it.
To update the driver, you’ll need to boot into Safe Mode. Once you’re in Safe Mode:
- Right-click on Computer and select Manage to launch the Computer Management console.
- Select Device Manager from the right pane, switch to the left pane, and select the small arrow beside IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers.
- Right-click on the Standard SATA AHCI Controller and select Update driver.
- At this point, you’ll need to select if you want Windows to automatically search for a newer version of the driver and install it, or if you’d like to use driver installation files that you’ve already downloaded.
Your best bet is to find and download the appropriate drivers from the manufacturer’s website and then use the second option, because you’ll know you have the correct driver that you need.
Next, just follow the wizard’s prompts and restart the PC normally.
No luck? At this point, you may want to see if your hard drive has some corrupt files.
Fix Errors on Hard Drive
Errors on your hard drive could also result in an Inaccessible Boot Device. Windows 10 (and all Windows versions) provides users a simple way to check for and fix filesystem errors and bad sectors automatically. The tool will mark hard bad sectors, so they aren’t used in the future.
You can do this with CHKDSK, a command-line tool. To run CHKDSK, you’ll need to either:
- Go back to the Automatic Repair mode (i.e., with two consecutive failed boot attempts) like you did previously and run the Command Prompt (i.e., Advanced options > Troubleshoot > Advanced options > Command Prompt), or
- Boot into Safe Mode and launch Command Prompt as an administrator.
Once the Command Prompt is running:
- Execute the following command if you launched the Command Prompt from the automatic repair mode:
chkdsk /r C:
- Execute the following command if you’ve launched the Command Prompt from within Windows:
chkdsk /f /r
Once the scan completes, restart the PC and see if the Inaccessible Boot Device error has resolved.
More Fixes to Try
If you’re still encountering the Inaccessible Boot Device error, Windows has one more radical option you can try.
You could reset your PC so that Windows will revert to mint condition, just like it was when you first installed it. A reset will wipe your data, so try and boot into the PC and create a backup first.
If you’re comfortable working with computer hardware, you may also want to check for loose cables or see if any of your hardware components have been physically damaged.
Up and Running Again
The Inaccessible Boot Device error can be a scary thing to see for someone not familiar with the Windows BSOD. However, it doesn’t take a lot of work to fix this error in most cases. When you do get into serious trouble with a Windows error, keep a Windows system image backup handy, so you don’t have to waste a lot of time recreating your Windows environment from scratch.
