更改重要任务的进程优先级是提高(one of the more advanced ways to boost performance)Windows 10性能的更高级方法之一。很容易(Easy)做到，但有点棘手，以免意外搞砸。
进程优先级到底是什么？您是否应该对其进行更改？以及如何在Windows 10中实际设置进程优先级？本指南将回答所有这些问题。
什么是流程优先级(Process Priority)，为什么它很重要(Important)？
计算机不是多任务处理者。并不真地。当您的操作系统同时运行多个程序（或只是后台服务）时，它实际上是在它们之间进行杂耍。
即使在多核处理器中，一次可以运行的线程也只有这么多，因此分配处理器时间变得非常重要。为了保持实时运行的外观，您的计算机必须选择优先执行哪些任务，从而产生优先系统。
流程优先级只是每个流程的“重要性”。对计算机平稳运行至关重要的任务（主要是系统进程）的优先级高于在顶部运行的应用程序。这确保即使在最大负载下，您的 PC 的核心功能也不会受到影响。
什么是进程优先级(Process Priority Levels)？
流程优先级在多个离散级别中定义。就像排名系统一样，它按照重要性的顺序从上到下对流程进行排序。
Windows中有六个优先级。其中只有五个是由应用程序（或用户，就此而言）设置的。
- 正常(Normal )是“正常”优先级。大多数应用程序都在此级别运行。
- 低于正常(Below normal )是指略低于正常的优先级。与普通应用程序相比，此级别的进程分配的资源更少。最(Best)适合没有时间限制的不重要的任务。
- Low是Windows中的最低优先级。只有在所有其他进程都完成了当前任务后，才会为在此级别上运行的任务分配资源。(Tasks)
- 高于正常(Above normal )是正常之后的下一个更高优先级。将此用于需要一点提升但不需要升级系统进程的进程。
- 高(High )是计算机顺利运行所必需的重要系统进程使用的优先级。不推荐用于用户应用程序。
- 实时是(Realtime )Windows中可能的最高优先级。基本上(Basically)，这个级别的任务是实时运行的，以牺牲任何其他进程为代价。因此，此级别仅保留用于硬件接口进程。在此优先级上运行应用程序很容易使您的计算机崩溃。
正常和高于正常实际上是您应该用于日常任务的仅有的两个优先级。高于此的优先级应该留给系统进程，而较低的优先级则留给不重要的后台任务。
设置任务的(Task)优先(Effect)级(Priority)有什么作用？
设置进程的新优先级会修改其在处理队列中的位置。具有较高优先级的任务在CPU时间和内存等系统资源的分配中具有优先权，从而使它们运行得更快。
另一方面，太多的任务被推到更高的优先级，这违背了最初存在层次结构的目的。如果每个进程都在High运行，操作系统如何确定哪些进程是真正必要的？
如果太多非必要任务被升级到更高的优先级，您的计算机可能会开始死机甚至彻底崩溃。这就是为什么在大多数情况下最好的办法是保持流程优先级不变。即使您确实更改了流程优先级，也要坚持小的更改并仅将它们应用于一两个流程。
如何在Windows 10的任务管理器中设置(Task Manager)进程优先级(Process Priority)
虽然有多种方法可以在(multiple ways)Windows中设置进程优先级，但最简单的方法是使用任务管理器(Task Manager)。
- 使用键盘快捷键Ctrl+Alt+Del或右键单击任务栏并从出现的菜单中选择任务管理器(Task Manager )来打开任务管理器。(Task Manager)
- 首次打开任务管理器(Task Manager)时，您会看到一个准系统窗口，其中仅显示正在运行的应用程序。选择更多详细信息(More details )以获取完整视图。
- 现在您可以看到计算机上所有正在运行的进程的完整列表，包括后台任务。默认情况下，它们按内存消耗排序；您可以从顶部选择任何其他类别来更改排序。
- 选择要更改优先级的进程并切换到详细信息(Details )选项卡。
- 在Details中，您可以查看正在运行的进程的状态和其他技术细节。许多隐藏在主屏幕上的子流程也在这里显示。
- 右键单击您选择的进程并导航到设置优先级。(Set priority.)这会下拉一个列出所有优先级的子菜单。选择预期的水平（在我们的示例中低于正常水平）。(Below normal)
- 将出现一个提示，确认您是否要更改所选进程的优先级。选择更改优先级(Change priority )以应用更改。
这将立即设置进程的新优先级。该进程将在当前会话的其余部分以该优先级运行。如果您重新启动计算机（或仅重新启动进程），优先级将重置为其默认值。
您应该更改流程的优先级吗？(Priority)
我们已经看到从Windows 10的(Windows 10)任务管理器(Task Manager)更改进程的优先级是多么容易。这可能会让你想知道——为什么不升级每个正在运行的应用程序的优先级呢？当然提高性能总是一件好事吗？
但你不应该那样做。首先存在各种优先级是有原因的，将每个正在运行的进程都置于高(High)类别只会产生冲突和系统不稳定。
充其量，您一次应该只升级一个给定的进程，并且不会超过正常(Above)水平。这使它在不危及计算机功能的情况下快速提升。理想情况下，您根本不应该乱用进程优先级，而是使用游戏模式等内置功能(using built-in features like the Game Mode)来提高资源密集型应用程序的性能。
How to Set Process Priority in Task Manager on Windows 10
Changing the process priority of your imрortant tasks is one of the more advanced ways to boost performance in Windows 10. Easy enough to do, but a bit tricky not to mess up accidentally.
What exactly is process priority? Should you be making changes to it? And how do you actually set the process priority in Windows 10? This guide will answer all these questions.
What Is Process Priority and Why Is It Important?
Computers aren’t multitaskers. Not really. When your operating system is running multiple programs (or just background services) simultaneously, it is actually juggling among them.
Even in multi-core processors, there are only so many threads that can be run at once, so rationing processor time becomes quite important. To maintain a facade of running in real-time, your computer has to choose which tasks to give precedence to, giving rise to a priority system.
Process priority is simply the ‘importance’ of each process. Tasks that are essential for the smooth running of your computer (mostly system processes) are accorded a higher priority than an application running on top. This ensures that even under the maximum load, the core capabilities of your PC are not affected.
What Are the Process Priority Levels?
Process priority is defined in multiple discrete levels. Like a ranking system, this orders processes from the top to bottom, in the order of their importance.
There are six priority levels in Windows. Only five of these are meant to be set by applications (or users, for that matter).
- Normal is, well, the ‘normal’ priority level. Most applications run at this level.
- Below normal is the priority level just below normal. Processes on this level are allocated fewer resources than normal applications. Best suited for unimportant tasks with no time constraints.
- Low is the lowest priority level in Windows. Tasks operating at this level are given resources only after all other processes have completed their current tasks.
- Above normal is the next higher priority level after normal. Use this for processes that need a little boost but don’t need to upstage system processes.
- High is a priority level used by important system processes necessary for the smooth functioning of the computer. Not recommended for user applications.
- Realtime is the highest possible priority level in Windows. Basically, tasks on this level run in real-time, at the expense of any and every other process. For this reason, this level is only reserved for hardware interfacing processes. Running applications on this priority level can easily crash your computer.
The normal and above normal are really the only two priority levels you should use for everyday tasks. Priority levels higher than that should be left to system processes and the lower levels for unimportant background tasks.
What Is the Effect of Setting the Priority of a Task?
Setting a new priority of a process modifies its place in the processing queue. Tasks with a higher priority are given preference in the allocation of system resources like CPU time and memory, allowing them to run faster.
On the flip side, too many tasks pushed to a higher priority level defeat the very purpose of there being a hierarchy in the first place. If every process is running at High, how is the operating system to determine which processes are truly essential?
If too many non-essential tasks are upgraded to higher priority levels, your computer might start freezing up or even crash outright. This is why in most cases the best idea is to leave the process priority as it is. Even when you do change the process priority, stick to small changes and apply them at only one or two processes.
How to Set Process Priority in Task Manager in Windows 10
While there are multiple ways to set process priority in Windows, the easiest method is to use the Task Manager.
- Open Task Manager by using the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Alt+Del or by right-clicking on the taskbar and selecting Task Manager from the menu that appears.
- On opening the Task Manager for the first time, you will be greeted with a barebones window showing just the running applications. Select More details to get the complete view.
- Now you can see the complete list of all the running processes on your computer, including background tasks. By default they are sorted by memory consumption; you can select any other category from the top to change the sorting.
- Select the process you want to change the priority of and switch to the Details tab.
- In Details, you can view the status and other technical details of the running process. Many sub-processes hidden on the main screen are also shown here.
- Right-click on your selected process and navigate to Set priority. This drops down a sub-menu listing all the priority levels. Select the intended level (Below normal in our example).
- A prompt will appear, confirming whether you want to change the priority of the selected process. Select Change priority to apply the change.
This will set the new priority of the process immediately. The process will operate on this priority level for the rest of the current session. If you restart your computer (or just the process) the priority level will be reset to its default.
Should You Change the Priority of a Process?
We have seen how easy it is to change the priority level of a process from the Task Manager in Windows 10. This might make you wonder – Why not upgrade the priority of every running application? Surely boosting performance is always a good thing?
But you shouldn’t do that. There is a reason there are various priority levels in the first place, and putting every running process in the High category will only create conflicts and system instability.
At best, you should upgrade only one given process at a time, and take it no further than Above normal. This gives it a quick boost without jeopardizing the functioning of the computer. Ideally, you shouldn’t mess around with process priority at all, using built-in features like the Game Mode to boost the performance of resource-heavy applications.
