SD卡主要用于智能手机、游戏机、相机等移动设备。但是，我们经常不得不在Windows计算机上使用它们。要么尽快复制数据，要么对似乎(don’t seem to work)不再工作的 SD 卡进行一些故障排除。
在Windows(Windows)中格式化 SD 卡的最常见原因之一是它在您使用它的任何设备中都停止正常工作。格式化通常是确定是否应将卡扔进垃圾桶的第一步。让我们看看它是如何完成的。
危险！您的数据将消失！
在我们继续之前，您需要非常清楚这样一个事实，即当您格式化 SD 卡（或任何驱动器）时，所有数据都将消失。因此，如果可能，并且如果重要，请在格式化之前备份 SD 卡的内容！
你需要什么
为了在Windows 10上格式化 SD 卡，您需要一张 SD 卡！但是，您还需要一些方法来读取该 SD 卡。这意味着使用SD 读卡器(SD card reader)！大多数台式电脑都没有配备，如今也不是每台笔记本电脑都有配备。所以你可能需要买一个。
幸运的是，它们并不昂贵并且可以与USB一起使用，因此它是一种即插即用的解决方案。
为什么要格式化 SD 卡？
任何磁盘的“格式”都描述了它用来存储数据的组织标准。这就像用于组织图书馆书籍的系统，描述去哪里以及在不同位置使用哪些代码。
磁盘有许多不同的格式。每个都有自己的优点和缺点，但任何磁盘都需要一个才能工作。无法使用未格式化的驱动器，因为没有关于如何存储数据的映射或规则。
如今，SD 卡通常开箱即用，但如果您需要与提供的格式不同的格式，您可能仍需要对其进行格式化。
如果 SD 卡已损坏(corrupted)并且您的数据以任何一种方式丢失，格式化 SD 卡也是一种修复它的好方法。它将覆盖新格式，如果您的 SD 卡没有以某种方式物理损坏，则意味着您可以像以前一样重新使用它。
选择正确的格式
在Windows中，使用本机格式化工具，您可以在NTFS和exFAT之间进行选择。
由于各种原因， NTFS(NTFS)是Windows中硬盘驱动器的首选格式，但它在(Windows)Windows之外没有广泛的兼容性。另一方面，exFAT 几乎与所有设备和操作系统兼容。所以它几乎总是正确的选择。
如果您要使用 SD 卡的设备需要不同的专用格式，则最好使用该设备的内置格式化功能来格式化 SD 卡。
使用本机 Windows 解决方案(Native Windows Solution)格式化SD 卡(SD Card)
格式化 SD 卡的最简单方法是使用可从Windows Explorer(Windows Explorer)访问的内置格式化实用程序。就是这样：
1. 打开Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)。按Win+E 立即执行此操作。
2. 将您的 SD 卡插入读卡器。它应该出现在您的其他驱动器中。
3. 右键单击 SD 卡的图标(SD card’s icon)并选择格式化。(Format.)
4. 选择exFAT作为文件系统。
5. 给您的卡一个您选择的卷标。
6.取消选中快速格式(quick format)。除非您的 SD 卡工作正常并且您只想擦除它，而不是重建每个字节。
7. 选择开始(Start)并等待格式化完成。
差不多就是这样。您的 SD 卡应该干净、新鲜并且可以使用！如果格式化后它不能正常工作，你手上可能有一张破牌。
使用磁盘管理工具(Disk Management Tool)格式化具有多个分区的(Multiple Partitions)SD 卡(SD Card)
虽然用于格式化磁盘的Windows 资源管理器(Windows Explorer)小程序快速且易于使用，但它没有那么多用于格式化的选项。这(Which)就是您想了解 Windows磁盘管理工具(Disk Management Tool)的原因。
此工具可让您查看连接到计算机的所有磁盘，并让您几乎完全控制您可以执行的操作。例如，您可以修改和管理磁盘上的分区，这是标准小程序无法做到的。
要使用磁盘管理工具(Disk Management Tool)格式化 SD 卡，请执行以下操作：
- 右键单击(Right-click)开始按钮(Start Button)并选择磁盘管理。(Disk Management.)
- 向下滚动到 SD 卡的磁盘号(disk number)。SD 卡的驱动器号将显示在该磁盘的分区中。可能有少量未分配空间。
- 如果有多个分区，依次右键单击一个并选择删除(delete)。直到卡上只有未分配的空间。
- 右键单击(Right-click)未分配的空间并选择新建简单卷。(New Simple Volume.)
- 您将看到此向导。
- 选择 Next(Select Next)，然后根据需要将卷大小保留为最大值。
- 在这里您可以选择一个驱动器号，通常可以保持不变，因此选择下一步。(Next.)
- 现在选择格式化卷。对于 SD 卡，我们建议FAT32或 exFAT 用于超过 32GB 的任何内容。将分配大小保留为Default。如果您愿意，请更改卷标并取消选中执行快速格式化(Perform a quick format)，除非您只想进行表面擦除并且不介意数据可恢复。选择下一步。(next.)
- 查看您的更改，如果您满意，请选择完成(Finish)以完成该过程。
您当然可以选择仅格式化或删除某些分区。您还可以使用此工具在 SD 卡上创建多个分区，但除非特定设备需要这样做，否则通常没有太多理由这样做。
使用官方 SD Alliance 应用程序(Official SD Alliance Application)格式化SD 卡(SD Card)
所有 SD 卡均符合SD 卡联盟(SD Card Alliance)制定的标准。这包括它们应该如何格式化。这(Which)就是为什么他们强烈建议您使用官方格式化应用程序而不是Windows附带的工具。
这有几个原因，但主要与保持 SD 卡规格和性能有关。其他应用程序可能会格式化 SD 卡中不应被覆盖的部分，并且可能无法以使卡达到最大速度的方式布置物理数据。
好消息是这个应用程序完全免费且易于使用。就是这样：
- 下载(Download)并安装应用程序并打开它。
- 确保(Make)选择了正确的驱动器号。
- 选择覆盖格式(overwrite format)，除非您只想从表面上擦除磁盘并根据需要选择卷标。
- 选择格式。(format.)
现在只需等待实用程序完成其工作。
在Windows 10中使用PowerShell格式化写保护的SD 卡(SD Card)
SD 卡可以写保护，这将阻止格式化。如果卡上有一个小的滑动标签，那么您只需将其切换到另一个位置。
如果没有选项卡，您实际上可以使用 Windows PowerShell来完成这项工作。请小心使用这种方法，因为它太容易误读哪个磁盘然后格式化错误的磁盘！
- 右键单击开始按钮(Start Button)并选择Windows PowerShell (Admin)。
- 键入diskpart并按Enter。
- 键入列表磁盘(list disk)，然后按Enter。
- 寻找适合您的 SD 卡大小的磁盘号。
- 键入select disk X，其中“X”是上一个列表中您想要的磁盘编号，然后按Enter。
- 键入属性磁盘清除只读(attributes disk clear readonly)，然后按Enter。
SD 卡尚未格式化，但已删除写保护。您现在可以使用本文中概述的其他方法之一对其进行格式化。
就是这样！现在您知道了在Windows 10中格式化 SD 卡的所有最重要的方法。
How to Format an SD Card on Windows 10
SD cards are mainlу used in mobile devices like smartphones, game consoles, cameras and the like. However, we often have to υse them on a Windows computer. Either to copy data as quickly as possible or to do some troubleshoоtіng with SD cards that don’t seem to work anymore.
One of the most common reasons to format an SD card in Windows is that it’s stopped working properly in whatever device you were using it. Formatting is the usual first step to figuring out whether the card should be tossed in the trash. Let’s look at how it’s done.
Danger! Your Data Will Be Gone!
Before we go any further, you need to be very aware of the fact that when you format an SD card (or any drive for that matter) all of your data will be gone. So if at all possible, and if it matters, make a backup of your SD card’s contents before formatting it!
What You’ll Need
In order to format an SD card on Windows 10, you need an SD card! However, you will also need some way to read that SD card.That means using an SD card reader! Most desktop computers do not come with one and not every laptop has one these days either. So you might need to buy one.
Luckily they aren’t expensive and work with USB, so it’s a plug-and-play solution.
Why Format an SD Card?
The “format” of any disk describes the standard of organizations it used to store data. It’s like the system used to organize library books, describing what goes where and which codes to use for the different locations.
There are many different formats for disks. Each with their own strengths and weaknesses, but any disk needs one to work. An unformatted drive can’t be used, because there is no map or rules for how data should be stored.
These days SD cards are usually formatted straight out of the box, but you might want to format them anyway if you need a different format than the one offered.
Formatting an SD card is also a good way to fix it if it’s become corrupted and your data is lost either way. It will overwrite a fresh format, and if your SD card isn’t physically broken somehow, means you can go back to using it like before.
Choosing the Correct Format
In Windows, using the native formatting tools, you have a choice between NTFS and exFAT.
NTFS is the preferred format for hard drives in Windows for various reasons, but it does not have wide compatibility outside of Windows. exFAT on the other hand, is compatible with just about every device and operating system. So it’s almost always the right one to choose.
If the device you want to use the SD card in needs a different, specialized format you’re far better off formatting the SD card with that device, using its built-in formatting feature.
Formatting an SD Card Using the Native Windows Solution
The easiest way to format an SD card is by using the built-in formatting utility you can access from within Windows Explorer. Here’s how:
1. Open Windows Explorer. Press Win+E to do this instantly.
2. Insert your SD card into the card reader. It should appear among your other drives.
3. Right-click on the SD card’s icon and select Format.
4. Choose exFAT as the file system.
5. Give your card a volume label of your choosing.
6. Uncheck quick format. Unless your SD card is working normally and you just want to wipe it, rather than rebuild every byte.
7. Select Start and wait for the format to complete.
That’s pretty much it. Your SD card should be clean, fresh and ready to go! If it doesn’t work properly after the format, you likely have a broken card on your hands.
Formatting an SD Card With Multiple Partitions Using the Disk Management Tool
While the Windows Explorer applet for formatting disks is quick and easy to use, it doesn’t have that many options for formatting. Which is why you’ll want to know about the Windows Disk Management Tool.
This tool lets you see all disks connected to your computer and gives you pretty much full control over what you can do. For example you can modify and manage partitions on the disk, which is not something you can do with the standard applet.
To format your SD card using the Disk Management Tool, do the following:
- Right-click on the Start Button and select Disk Management.
- Scroll down to the SD card’s disk number. The drive letter of the SD card will show up in a partition on that disk. There may be a small amount of unallocated space.
- If there are multiple partitions, right-click on one in turn and choose delete. Until there is only unallocated space on the card.
- Right-click on the unallocated space and choose New Simple Volume.
- You will see this wizard.
- Select Next, then leave the volume size at maximum if you wish.
- Here you can choose a drive letter, it’s usually okay to leave this unchanged, so select Next.
- Now choose to format the volume. For an SD card we recommend FAT32 or exFAT for anything over 32GB. Leave the allocation size at Default. Change the volume label if you want to and uncheck Perform a quick format unless you only want a superficial wipe and don’t mind data being recoverable. Select next.
- Review your changes and if you are happy, select Finish to complete the process.
You can of course choose to only format or delete certain partitions. You can also create multiple partitions on your SD card using this tool, though unless a specific device needs this there is usually not much reason to do so.
Formatting An SD Card With The Official SD Alliance Application
All SD cards conform to the standards set out by the SD Card Alliance. That includes how they should be formatted. Which is why they strongly recommend that you use the official formatting app rather than the tools that come with Windows.
There are a few reasons for this, but the main ones have to do with staying within SD card specifications and performance. Other apps might format parts of the SD card not meant to be overwritten and may not lay out the physical data in a way that lets the card reach its maximum speed.
The good news is that this app is completely free and easy to use. Here’s how:
- Download and install the application and open it.
- Make sure the correct drive letter is selected.
- Choose overwrite format, unless you only want to wipe the disk superficially and choose a volume label if you wish.
- Select format.
Now simply wait for the utility to finish its job.
Formatting a Write-protected SD Card With PowerShell in Windows 10
SD cards can be write-protected, which will prevent formatting. If there’s a small sliding tab on the card, then you simply have to switch it to the other position.
If there’s no tab you can actually use the Windows PowerShell to do the job. Just be careful with this method, since it’s a little too easy to misread which disk is which and then format the wrong one!
- Right-click the Start Button and select Windows PowerShell (Admin).
- Type diskpart and press Enter.
- Type list disk and press Enter.
- Look for the disk number that’s the correct size for your SD card.
- Type select disk X, where “X” is the number of the disk you want from the previous list and press Enter.
- Type attributes disk clear readonly and then press Enter.
The SD card is not formatted yet, but the write protection has been removed. You can now format it using one of the other methods outlined in this article.
That’s it! Now you know all the most important ways you can format an SD card in Windows 10.
