出于各种原因，您可能需要与许多人共享您的电脑。Windows 10在(Windows 10)系统级别(system level)提供和管理所有文件权限。它可以保护您的数据免受其他用户的侵害。在Windows 10 PC 中，用户创建的文件默认是易于访问的。如果您是管理员，您可以更改文件权限Windows 10 ，这将限制其他用户仅编辑他们的文件。(Windows 10)可以轻松更改文件的权限。在本文中，我们为您带来了一份有用的指南，将教您如何在Windows 10中更改文件权限。
如何在 Windows 10 中更改文件权限(How to Change File Permissions in Windows 10)
在Windows 10中，您可能会在以下情况下遇到文件权限问题：(file permission issue)
- 当其他用户对不允许您在共享 PC 上查看的文件具有指定权限时。
- 您想更改系统文件，但不建议编辑系统文件，因为它会导致意外问题。
- 您从USB或外部下载并希望在 PC 中更改的受保护数据。
- 您希望对从 macOS 等其他操作系统传输的文件进行更改。
- 您希望删除其他用户的授权以防止他们查看特定的共享文件。
文件权限和文件属性是否不同？(Are File Permissions and File Attributes Different?)
在学习如何更改文件权限 Windows 10 之前，了解文件权限和属性之间的区别很重要。
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文件属性(File attributes )——它们是文件的属性。例如，它是否是只读的。即使文件被复制、上传、下载或邮寄，属性也保持不变。通常，属性不需要管理员权限即可修改。
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文件权限(File permissions)——它们通常是PC 独有的，即(PC i.e). 如果文件在另一台 PC 中打开，权限可能会更改。他们控制谁可以访问文件及其内容。
要记住的事情(Things to Keep in Mind)
在我们深入了解如何更改Windows 10权限之前，您应该知道在(Windows 10)Windows 10中更改文件权限所需的用户权限级别。
- 系统文件和文件夹：您需要管理员用户权限才能更改文件权限。
- 用户(User)文件：您需要管理员权限或用户Windows 帐户(Windows account)的凭据。
- TrustedInstaller拥有的文件：要修改由TrustedInstaller控制的(TrustedInstaller)文件或文件夹(file or folder)，需要管理员用户权限。
方法 1：在文件夹安全属性中编辑用户配置文件(Method 1: Edit User Profile in Folder Security Properties)
此方法适用于所有用户。通常，处理您拥有的文件和文件夹不是问题。但是，人们报告说无法更改他们拥有或创建的文件。使用正确的用户帐户(user account)登录后，请按照以下步骤在Windows 10上修改文件权限。
1. 同时按 Win + E keys打开文件资源管理器( File Explorer )。
2. 导航到您要更改其权限的文件。(file)
3. 右键单击它并从上下文菜单中选择属性。(Properties)
4. 切换到安全(Security)选项卡并单击编辑(Edit)。
您可以在以下窗口中检查和更改每个列出的用户或组的权限。(user or group)
5. 选择用户(user)或组(group)。
6.对于每个用户，您可能会获得不同的权限(permissions)。例如，如果在拒绝列下选中(Deny column)完全控制(Full control)复选框，则所选用户将无法打开文件。
7. 您将看到以下选项：
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完全控制(Full control)——用户可以读取、写入、更改或删除文件。(File)
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修改(Modify)——用户可以读取、写入和更改文件。(File)
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读取和执行(Read & execute)-可以读取文件或运行选定的文件。(File)
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列出文件夹内容(List folder contents)-(File)可以在所选文件夹中查看文件。
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读取(Read)- 文件可以由用户打开。
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写入(Write)-文件(File)可以由用户编辑或创建。
根据您的要求检查权限框。单击(Click) 应用(Apply) > 确定(OK)。
另请阅读：(Also Read:) 修复文件资源管理器在(Fix File Explorer)Windows 10中无响应
方法二：替换所有子对象权限条目(Method 2: Replace All Child Object Permission Entries)
在某些情况下，权限无法更改。允许(Allow )列下的权限显示为灰色，无法选择。您可以通过转到高级(Advanced)设置来更改它，这里是如何做到的。
1. 按照方法 1( Method 1)中的步骤 1,2 和 3打开文件夹属性(Properties)。
2. 转到安全(Security)选项卡并单击高级(Advanced)。
3. 选中“将所有子对象权限条目替换为此对象的可继承权限条目(Replace all child object permission entries with inheritable permission entries from this object)”框并选择您的帐户作为用户。
4. 单击应用(Apply)。之后会出现一个确认提示(confirmation prompt)，点击是(Yes )就可以了。
您应该能够查看和更改所选文件夹或文件(folder or files)的权限，并了解如何在 Windows 10 中更改文件权限。
方法 3：添加新的管理员配置文件(Method 3: Add a New Administrator Profile)
有时，用户或组框中根本没有提到用户。您必须先在该场景中手动添加用户，然后才能授予他们权限。否则，他们将无法访问这些文件，因为它们不在用户列表中。按照以下步骤添加用户并授予他们文件权限。
1. 右键单击要共享的folder/file ，然后从菜单中选择属性。(Properties)
2. 切换到安全(Security)选项卡并选择编辑(Edit)。
3. 单击添加(Add)。
4. 在提示窗口的输入要选择的对象名称(Enter the object name to select )框中，输入您要授予访问权限的用户名。(user name )单击(Click)检查名称(Check Names)。它将自动选择用户名并进行验证。单击确定(OK)。
5. 用户名现在将出现在组或用户名下(Group or user names)的安全选项卡(security tab)中。
6. 选择用户名(user name)并根据需要授予他们权限。单击Apply > OK。
另请阅读：(Also Read:)如何在Windows 10中(Windows 10)强制删除文件(Force Delete File)
方法 4：将所有权更改为管理员(Method 4: Change Ownership to Administrator)
您可以通过获取文件的所有权轻松更改文件的权限。这是修改文件的最简单方法。按照以下说明通过获取文件的所有权来完全控制文件。
选项 I：从高级安全设置更改所有权(Option I: Change Ownership from Advanced Security Setting)
1. 按照方法 2(Method 2)中的步骤 1 和 2 进入高级安全设置(Advanced Security Settings)。
2. 单击页面顶部所有者(Owner )部分旁边的更改。(Change)
3. 将出现一个弹出窗口(popup window)。在Enter the object name to select中输入您的用户(username)名。选择检查名称(Check Names)并等待验证。单击确定(OK )以保存更改。
4.所有者部分(owner section)将立即更新。要保存更改，请选中Replace owner on sub containers and objects，然后单击Apply和OK。
注意：(Note: )您可以按照一些专家的建议选中替换所有子对象权限条目的选项。(Replace)
选项二：手动提供文件权限(Option II: Manually Provide File Permissions)
在极少数情况下，您可能需要手动提供对您帐户的文件权限的访问权限。为此，只需按照以下步骤操作：
1. 导航到高级安全设置( Advanced Security Settings)。
2. 将显示所有用户的列表。如果未显示您的用户帐户(user account)，请单击添加(Add)按钮。
3. 单击选择主体(Select a principal)。
4.现在将您的用户帐户名(account name)输入提示框中，如方法4(Method 4)的步骤3(Step 3)所示。
5. 选择完全控制(Full control)。在类型中选择允许(Allow)并在应用中选择此文件夹、子文件夹和文件(This Folder, Subfolders, and Files)。单击确定(OK)。
现在您可以完全访问所选文件。
另请阅读：(Also Read:)如何在Windows 10上打开(Windows 10)页面文件(Pages File)
选项 III：通过命令提示符(Option III: Through Command Prompt)
如果您仍然无法获得文件的所有权，则可以使用命令提示符(Command Prompt)直接修改文件属性。以下是如何使用命令提示符更改(Command Prompt)Windows 10中的文件权限。
1. 点击Windows 键(Windows key)，键入命令提示符(Command Prompt)并单击以管理员身份运行(Run as Administrator)。
2. 键入以下命令(command)并按Enter 键(Enter key)。
takeown /f path_to_folder /r /d y
注意：(Note: )将path_to_folder替换为您想要拥有的文件夹/文件的路径。
3 . 现在键入以下命令(command)和Enter 键(Enter key)。
icacls path_to_folder /grant administrators:F /T
注意：(Note: )用您的帐户/用户名替换管理员。( administrators)
执行这两个命令后，您现在应该可以完全访问所选文件夹/文件。
常见问题 (FAQ)(Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) )
问：在 Windows 10 中，什么是权限？(Q. In Windows 10, what are permissions?)
Ans:应用程序的权限允许他们访问您设备的某些组件，例如硬件，例如GPS以确定您的位置或软件(location or software)，例如相机。了解哪些程序使用哪些权限至关重要。
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我们希望本指南对您有所帮助，并且您能够了解如何在 Windows 10 中更改文件权限(how to change file permissions in Windows 10)。让我们知道哪种方法最适合您。如果您有任何疑问或建议，请随时将它们放在评论部分。
How to Change File Permissions in Windows 10
Yoυ may need to share your pc with many people for a variety of reasons. Windоws 10 offers and manages all file permisѕionѕ at the system level. It keeps your data protеcted from other users. In Windows 10 PC, files created by users are by default readily accesѕible. You can change file permissions Windows 10, if you are an administrator which will restrict other υsers to editing only their files. The permissіons of files can be changed easily. In this article, we bring to yоu a helpful guide that will teach you how to change file permissions in Windows 10.
How to Change File Permissions in Windows 10
In Windows 10, you may experience the file permission issue in the following scenarios:
- When other users have specified permissions for files that you are not allowed to view on a shared PC.
- You want to change the system files although editing system files is not recommended as it results in unexpected problems.
- Protected data you downloaded from a USB or external which you wish to change in your PC.
- You wish to make changes in files that have been transferred from other operating systems like macOS.
- You wish to remove other users’ authorization to prevent them from viewing particular shared files.
Are File Permissions and File Attributes Different?
It is important to understand the difference between file permission and attributes before learning how to change file permissions Windows 10.
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File attributes – They are properties of a file. For instance, if it is read-only or not. Attributes remain the same even if the file is copied, uploaded, downloaded or mailed. Usually, attributes do not require admin rights to modify.
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File permissions – They are normally exclusive to a PC i.e. the permissions may change if the file is opened in another PC. They control who can access the files and their content.
Things to Keep in Mind
Before we can get down to how you can change permissions Windows 10, you should know the level of user rights required by you to change file permissions in Windows 10.
- System files and folders: You need administrator user rights to change file permissions.
- User files: You require admin privileges or credentials to the user’s Windows account.
- TrustedInstaller owned files: To make modifications to a file or folder controlled by TrustedInstaller, admin user rights are necessary.
Method 1: Edit User Profile in Folder Security Properties
This method applies to all users. Generally, handling files and folders that you own is not a problem. However, people have reported being unable to alter files they own or have created. After logging in with the right user account, follow these steps to modify file permissions on Windows 10.
1. Open File Explorer by pressing Win + E keys simultaneously.
2. Navigate to the file whose permissions you wish to alter.
3. Right-click on it and select Properties from the context menu.
4. Switch to Security tab and Click on Edit.
You can inspect and alter permissions for each listed user or group in the following window.
5. Choose a user or a group.
6. For each user, you may get different permissions. For example, if Full control checkbox is checked under the Deny column then the selected user will be unable to open the file.
7. You will see the follow options:
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Full control – File can be read, written, changed or deleted by user.
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Modify – File can be read, written and changed by user.
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Read & execute – File can be read or run the selected file.
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List folder contents – File can be viewed in the selected folder.
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Read – File can be opened by user.
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Write – File can be edited or created by user.
Check the permissions boxes as per your requirement. Click Apply > OK.
Also Read: Fix File Explorer Not Responding in Windows 10
Method 2: Replace All Child Object Permission Entries
In some cases, permission can’t be changed. The permissions under Allow column are grayed out and can’t be selected. You can change that by going to Advanced settings, here is how to do it.
1. Follow Steps 1,2 and 3 from Method 1 to open the Folder Properties.
2. Go to Security tab and Click on Advanced.
3. Check the box that says, Replace all child object permission entries with inheritable permission entries from this object and select your account as the user.
4. Click the Apply. After that a confirmation prompt will appear, click Yes on it.
You should be able to view and change permissions of the selected folder or files and understand how to change file permissions in windows 10.
Method 3: Add a New Administrator Profile
Sometimes a user is not mentioned at all in the users or groups box. You must manually add the user in that scenario before you can grant them permission. Otherwise, they will be unable to access the files as they are not on the user list. Follow these steps to add a user and allow them file permissions to Word or Windows 10 in general:.
1. Right-click folder/file you want to share and select Properties from the menu.
2. Switch to Security tab and Select Edit.
3. Click on Add.
4. In the Enter the object name to select box of the prompt window, type the user name to whom you want to grant access. Click on Check Names. It will automatically select the username and verify it. Click OK.
5. The username will now appear in the security tab under Group or user names.
6. Select the user name and grant them permission as preferred. Click Apply > OK.
Also Read: How to Force Delete File in Windows 10
Method 4: Change Ownership to Administrator
You can easily change permissions of a file by taking its ownership. It is the simplest way to modify a file. Follow the below instructions to get complete control of a file by taking ownership of it.
Option I: Change Ownership from Advanced Security Setting
1. Follow Steps 1 and 2 from Method 2 to go to Advanced Security Settings.
2. Click on Change next to the Owner section at the top of the page.
3. A popup window will appear. Enter your username in the Enter the object name to select. Select Check Names and wait until it is verified. Click OK to save changes.
4. The owner section will be updated now. To save changes, check Replace owner on sub containers and objects, then click Apply and OK.
Note: You could check the option to Replace all child object permission entries as advised by some experts.
Option II: Manually Provide File Permissions
In rare cases, you may be required to manually provide access to file permissions to your account. To do so, simply follow these steps:
1. Navigate to Advanced Security Settings.
2. There will be a list of all users shown. Click the Add button if your user account isn’t displayed.
3. Click Select a principal.
4. Now put your user account name into the prompt box as shown in Step 3 of Method 4.
5. Select Full control. In Type select Allow and In Applies to select This Folder, Subfolders, and Files. Click OK.
Now you have full access to the selected file.
Also Read: How to Open a Pages File on Windows 10
Option III: Through Command Prompt
If you still can’t take ownership of a file then you can use Command Prompt which will directly modify the file properties. Here is how to change file permissions in Windows 10 using Command Prompt.
1. Hit the Windows key, type Command Prompt and click on Run as Administrator.
2. Type the following command and press Enter key.
takeown /f path_to_folder /r /d y
Note: Replace path_to_folder with the path of folder/file you want to take ownership of.
3. Now type the following command and Enter key.
icacls path_to_folder /grant administrators:F /T
Note: Replace administrators with your account/user name.
You should now have complete access to the selected folder/file after performing these two commands.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q. In Windows 10, what are permissions?
Ans: Permissions for apps allow them to access certain components of your device, such as hardware, such as GPS to establish your location or software, such as the camera. It’s critical to understand which programs use which permissions.
Recommended:
We hope that this guide was helpful and you were able to learn how to change file permissions in Windows 10. Let us know which method worked for you the best. If you have any queries or suggestions then feel free to drop them in the comments section.
