7z 是一种存档文件格式。它的工作方式类似于ZIP 格式(ZIP format)，但具有许多关键优势(number of key advantages)，例如卓越的压缩和支持大量文件大小。但是，它并不常见，因此您可能需要其他帮助才能打开或提取 7Z 文件中的内容，具体取决于平台。
如果您刚刚下载或收到 7z 文件，以下说明将显示在Windows(Windows)、Mac和Linux中打开或提取 7z 文件必须执行的操作。
如何在Windows中打开和(Windows)提取 7z(Extract 7z) 文件(Files)
Windows操作系统为ZIP文件提供本机支持，但不支持 7z 格式。值得庆幸的是，免费和开源的 7-Zip 应用程序是您打开和提取 7z 文件中内容所需的全部内容。
首先从7-Zip.org下载并安装 7-Zip 。安装程序完全没有广告软件，所以不用担心。然后，右键单击 PC 上的任何 7z 文件，您将找到一个7-Zip上下文菜单选项。如果您使用 Windows 11，则必须首先选择显示更多选项(Show more options)以显示它。
然后，您会遇到一系列选项。最重要的是打开存档(Open archive)、提取文件(Extract files)和在此处提取(Extract Here)。
打开存档：(Open archive:)允许您使用 7-Zip文件管理器(File Manager)查看内容。您可以导航存档的整个文件和文件夹结构，并使用提取(Extract)选项提取选定的项目。该程序还具有删除(Delete)选项，可让您从存档中删除项目。
或者，您可以通过“开始(Start)”菜单启动 7-Zip文件管理器(File Manager)，然后选择“文件(File)” > “打开(Open)”以从 PC 上的任何目录加载和查看 7z 文件。
提取文件：(Extract files:) 提取(Extract)整个 7z 文件的内容。指定一个目录并选择Extract。
在此处提取：(Extract Here:)可让您立即将 7z 存档中的全部内容提取到同一目录中。
您还可以将 7z 文件配置为始终在 7-Zip文件管理器(File Manager)中打开。为此，请右键单击任何 7z 文件并选择打开方式(Open with)。然后，选择7-Zip 文件管理器，选中(7-Zip File Manager)始终使用此应用打开 .7z 文件(Always use this app to open .7z files)旁边的框，然后选择确定(OK)。
7-Zip 还允许您创建新的 7z 档案。右键单击任何文件或文件夹（或一组项目），指向 7-zip，然后选择Add to archive。
如何在Mac上打开和(Mac)提取 7z(Extract 7z) 文件(Files)
如果您的Mac运行相对较新的 macOS 版本（例如Catalina、Big Sur或Monterey），您可以使用内置的存档实用程序(Archive Utility)来提取 7z 文件。
只需按住 Control 键单击 7z 文件并选择打开(Open With)方式>存档实用程序(Archive Utility)，就会自动提示存档实用程序(Archive Utility)将内容提取到同一目录。
或者，您可以通过Spotlight Search打开(Spotlight Search)存档实用程序(Archive Utility)，然后选择文件(File)>打开存档(Open Archive)以选择并提取任何 7z 文件的内容。
如果存档实用程序(Utility)无法提取 7z 文件，您最好的选择是从Mac App Store获取 Unarchiver 。它是一个完全免费的实用程序，完全支持 7z 格式。它还提供了基于 GUI 的选项，例如在解压后将档案移至废纸篓的功能。(Trash)
如果您更喜欢在提取 7z 文件之前预览它们的功能，请尝试BetterZip。它还允许您在Mac上从头开始创建 7z 存档，并提供 30 天试用期。每个许可证的费用为 24.95 美元。
您可以使用BetterZip(BetterZip)应用程序直接打开 7z 文件，或者通过控制单击文件并选择BetterZip > Open in BetterZip来打开 7z 文件。然后，您可以选择提取或删除存档中的选定项目。
如何在Linux中打开和(Linux)提取 7z(Extract 7z) 文件(Files)
根据您的Linux发行版，您可能拥有对 7z 格式的本机支持。但是，如果您无法打开 7z 文件，请通过包管理器（例如Linux Mint中的软件管理器(Software Manager)）搜索 install P7zip。
P7zip是 7-Zip for Windows的命令行端口，安装它会增加对(Windows)Linux的 7z 支持。另一种安装方法是在终端(Terminal)中运行以下命令：
sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
安装P7Zip后(P7Zip)，打开File Roller或Archive Manager并选择打开(Open)以加载 7z 文件。
如果成功，您应该能够浏览存档并提取其中的内容。
您还可以压缩 7z 格式的项目。突出显示(Highlight)并选择要归档的项目，然后右键单击并选择Compress。将7z设置为压缩格式并选择Create。
提示：(Tip:) P7zip向(P7zip)终端(Terminal)添加了多个命令行选项。键入7z并按Enter以调出支持的命令和开关。
在 7z 中打开、提取和压缩
7z 是一种可靠的压缩格式。但它并不流行，导致混乱，并且缺乏对各种桌面和移动平台的支持。尽管您现在知道如何打开、提取甚至创建 7z 文件，但对于您计划共享的任何文件或文件夹，最好坚持使用 ZIP 或 RAR 格式(stick with the ZIP or RAR formats)……至少在 7z 格式成为主流之前。
How to Open 7Z Files in Windows, Mac, and Linux
7z is an archive file format. It works similar to the ZIP format, but with a number of key advantages, such as superior compression and support for massive file sizes. However, it isn’t as common, so you may need additional help to open or extract the contents in a 7Z file depending on the platform.
If you just downloaded or received a 7z file, the instructions below will show what you must do to open or extract 7z files in Windows, Mac, and Linux.
How to Open and Extract 7z Files in Windows
Windows operating systems provide native support for ZIP files, but not for the 7z format. Thankfully, the free and open-source 7-Zip app is all you need to open and extract the contents inside 7z files.
Start by downloading and installing 7-Zip from 7-Zip.org. The installer is completely free of adware, so don’t worry. Then, right-click any 7z file on your PC, and you’ll find a 7-Zip contextual menu option. If you use Windows 11, you must first select Show more options to reveal it.
You’ll then come across a range of options. The most important is Open archive, Extract files, and Extract Here.
Open archive: Allows you to view the contents using the 7-Zip File Manager. You can navigate the archive’s entire file and folder structure and extract select items using the Extract option. The program also features a Delete option that lets you remove items from the archive.
Alternatively, you can launch the 7-Zip File Manager via the Start menu and select File > Open to load and view a 7z file from any directory on your PC.
Extract files: Extracts the contents of the entire 7z file. Specify a directory and select Extract.
Extract Here: Lets you instantly extract the entire contents within the 7z archive into the same directory.
You can also configure 7z files to always open in the 7-Zip File Manager. To do that, right-click any 7z file and select Open with. Then, select 7-Zip File Manager, check the box next to Always use this app to open .7z files, and select OK.
7-Zip also allows you to create new 7z archives. Right-click any file or folder (or a group of items), point to 7-zip, and select Add to archive.
How to Open and Extract 7z Files on Mac
If your Mac runs a relatively recent version of macOS (such as Catalina, Big Sur, or Monterey), you can use the built-in Archive Utility to extract 7z files.
Just control-clicking a 7z file and selecting Open With > Archive Utility will automatically prompt Archive Utility to extract the contents to the same directory.
Alternatively, you can open Archive Utility via Spotlight Search and select File > Open Archive to select and extract the contents of any 7z file.
If Archive Utility fails to extract a 7z file, your best option is to grab The Unarchiver from the Mac App Store. It’s a completely free utility that features full support for the 7z format. It also provides GUI-based options such as the ability to move archives to the Trash after extracting.
If you prefer the ability to preview 7z files before extracting them, try BetterZip. It also allows you to create 7z archives on the Mac from scratch and comes with a 30-day trial. It costs $24.95 per license.
You can open 7z files directly using the BetterZip app, or by control-clicking a file and selecting BetterZip > Open in BetterZip. You can then choose to extract or delete select items within the archive.
How to Open and Extract 7z Files in Linux
Depending on your Linux distro, you may have native support for the 7z format. However, if you have trouble opening 7z files, search for install P7zip via a package manager (such as Software Manager in Linux Mint).
P7zip is a command-line port of 7-Zip for Windows, and installing it adds 7z support for Linux. An alternative way to install it is by running the following command in Terminal:
sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
With P7Zip installed, open File Roller or Archive Manager and select Open to load a 7z file.
If successful, you should be able to navigate the archive and extract the contents within.
You can also compress items in the 7z format. Highlight and select the item or items you want to archive, then right-click and select Compress. Set 7z as the compression format and select Create.
Tip: P7zip adds multiple command-line options to the Terminal. Type 7z and press Enter to bring up supported commands and switches.
Open, Extract, and Compress in 7z
7z is a solid compression format. But it’s not popular, leads to confusion, and lacks support on various desktop and mobile platforms. Although you now know how to open, extract, and even create 7z files, it’s best to stick with the ZIP or RAR formats for any files or folders you plan to share … at least until the 7z format goes more mainstream.
