我一直希望Windows具有自动组织文件的功能：根据文件名(file name)、大小、扩展名等自动移动或复制文件。不幸的是，我们必须依靠第三方程序才能完成工作。
在本文中，我将向您介绍我最喜欢的用于自动组织文件的程序之一。那么这样的程序有哪些用例呢？就我而言，我有很多家庭视频以AVCHD 格式录制在我的(AVCHD format)高清(HD video)摄像机上。为了在我的电脑和智能手机(computer and smartphone)上播放电影，我需要MP4 格式(MP4 format)的。
转换视频后，我将它们复制到我的NAS，然后删除视频的本地副本。使用组织程序，一旦转换后的文件出现在指定的文件夹中，它们会自动复制到我的NAS，然后从本地计算机中删除。它让我的生活更轻松，效果也很好。那么让我们来谈谈实际的程序。
算了吧
DropIt是我个人最喜欢的工具，因为它有很多有用的选项，并且真的可以让您使用他们的示例或使用正则表达式来准确控制要处理的文件/文件夹。如果您有一套相当复杂的文件组织规则，那么这个程序适合您。它也是开源的并且有便携版本，所以如果你不想在你的系统上安装任何东西，你不必安装任何东西。
安装并运行程序后，您会注意到只有一个带有白色向下箭头的蓝色块出现在所有其他窗口的顶部。这几乎是程序的界面！它并不像我希望的那样直观，但它真的很容易学习。首先，让我们对其进行配置，使其不会一直妨碍我们。
右键单击(Right-click)该图标，您将看到一个菜单弹出(menu pop)。这是您将用于配置程序规则和选项的菜单。继续并现在单击选项(Options )。
前三项处理小图标的布局和定位(layout and positioning)。我在计算机上所做的是将其移动到具有其他桌面图标的位置，然后取消选中Show target image always on top并选中Lock target image position。
现在该图标看起来就像另一个桌面图标(desktop icon)，而不是漂浮在我的其他程序之上的整个桌面。然后，您可以随时drag and drop files/folders到该图标上以手动处理文件。稍后我将向您展示如何设置监控，这样您就不必手动启动处理作业(processing job)。
接下来，让我们了解配置文件。如果您右键单击该图标，您将看到一个名为 Profiles 的选项，其中包括Archiver、Default、Erasor、Extractor等。如果您选择(Extractor)Default以外的其他配置文件，那么当您将文件或文件夹拖放到图标上时，当前的配置文件规则将适用。例如，如果您选择Archiver，您会注意到图标发生了变化，如果您将几个文件拖放到图标上，它将在您的桌面上创建一个压缩的zip 文件！(zip file)
您可以通过右键单击图标并选择(icon and choosing) 关联(Associations)来查看与任何配置文件关联的规则。关联(Associations)中的项目列表将根据您当前使用的配置文件而有所不同。在我们的示例中，我们使用的是存档器配置文件(Archiver profile)，因此我们将看到存档器规则。
双击(Double-click)规则将其打开。每个规则有四个部分：名称、过滤器或规则(filter or rules)、操作和关联的最后一个选项，该选项会根据您选择的操作而变化。通常，它只是一个目的地。
这里最重要的部分是规则。您可以单击蓝色的小信息图标(information icon)，它会快速为您提供一些文件规则和文件夹规则的示例。
蓝色图标右侧的第二个按钮是过滤器按钮。单击该按钮将显示一个附加过滤器列表，您可以在您可能添加的任何文件或文件夹过滤器(file or folder filters)之上添加这些过滤器。因此，您可以选择所有扩展名为 .JPG 的文件，然后设置规则，使其仅适用于大于 2 MB 的文件。
另一个重要部分是规则的操作(Action)。Dropit有大量的动作，这就是我觉得它如此有用的原因。您可以移动、复制、压缩、提取、重命名、删除、拆分、加入、加密、解密、使用程序打开、上传、通过邮件(mail and lots)发送等等。它相当全面。
既然您知道如何创建规则，请再次转到Default 配置文件(Default profile)，然后转到Associations。您会看到那里还没有列出任何规则。这是您应该添加自己的规则的地方。创建规则后，您只需将文件或文件夹从资源管理器(Explorer)拖到小图标上，即可通过规则传递文件。
根据设置，将弹出一个对话框并停留在屏幕上，列出将对文件采取的操作。首先，您单击蓝色的小播放按钮(play button)。当然，如果您必须拖放文件并手动开始处理，这不是很自动化。要解决此问题，请右键单击该图标并再次转到选项(Options)。这次确保取消选中在进程中显示进度窗口( Show progress window during process)框。
最后，转到监视选项卡(monitoring tab)并选中启用对受监视文件夹的扫描(Enable scan of monitored folders)框。然后单击底部的添加按钮并选择要监视的文件夹。(Add button)您还可以更改扫描的时间间隔(time interval)和文件的最小大小。
现在只需坐下来，将一些文件转储到您监控的文件夹中，然后观察几秒钟后您的文件将如何自动处理，而您根本无需做任何事情。该程序非常强大，我实际上只触及了您可以用它做的事情的表面，但希望这能让您有足够的信心使用它。如果您有任何问题，请发表评论。享受！
How to Automatically Move or Copy Files in Windows
I’νe always wished Windows would come with features to automatiсally organize my files: automatically move or copy files based on the file name, size, extension, etc. Unfortunately, we have to rely on third-party programs to get the job done.
In this article, I’ll walk you through a one of my favorite programs for automatically organizing files. So what are some use cases for a program like this? In my case, I have a lot of home videos that are recorded on my HD video camera in AVCHD format. In order to play the movies on my computer and smartphone, I need it in MP4 format.
Once I convert the videos, I copy them to my NAS and then delete the local copies of the videos. Using an organizing program, once the converted files appear in a specified folder, they are automatically copied to my NAS and then deleted from the local computer. It makes my life easier and works great. So let’s talk about the actual program.
DropIt
DropIt is personally my favorite tool because it has a lot of useful options and really lets you control exactly what files/folders you want to process using their examples or by using regular expressions. If you have a fairly complicated set of rules for organizing files, this program is for you. It’s also open source and comes in a portable version, so you don’t have to install anything on your system if you don’t want to.
Once you install it and run the program, you’ll notice that only a blue block with a white down pointing arrow appears on top of all other windows. That’s pretty much the interface for the program! It’s not exactly as intuitive as I would have liked, but it’s really easy to learn. Firstly, let’s configure it so it’s not in our way all the time.
Right-click on the icon and you’ll see a menu pop up. This is the menu you’ll be using to configure the rules and options for the program. Go ahead and click on Options for now.
The top three items deal with the layout and positioning of the small icon. What I do on my computer is move it to a location with my other desktop icons and then uncheck Show target image always on top and check Lock target image position.
Now the icon just looks like another desktop icon rather than floating all over the desktop on top of my other programs. You can then just drag and drop files/folders onto that icon at any time to manually process files. Later on I’ll show you how to set up monitoring so you never have to manually start a processing job.
Next, let’s understand profiles. If you right-click on the icon, you’ll see an option called Profiles that includes Archiver, Default, Erasor, Extractor, etc. If you pick a different profile other than Default, then when you drop files or folders onto the icon, the current profile rules will apply. For example, if you choose Archiver, you’ll notice the icon changes and if you drop a couple of files onto the icon, it will create a compressed zip file on your desktop!
You can see the rules associated with any profile by right-clicking on the icon and choosing Associations. The list of items in Associations will vary depending on which profile you are currently working in. In our example, we are using the Archiver profile, so we’ll see the Archiver rule.
Double-click on the rule to open it. There are four parts to each rule: the name, the filter or rules, the action and an associated last option that changes depending on which action you pick. Normally, it’s just a destination.
The most important part here is the rules. You can click on the little blue information icon and it will quickly give you some examples of rules for files and rules for folders.
The second button to the right of the blue icon is the filter button. Clicking on that will bring up a list of additional filters you can add on top of any file or folder filters you might have added. So you could have picked all files with a .JPG extension and then set the rule so that it only applies to files that are larger than 2 MB.
The other important part is the Action for the rule. Dropit has a large number of actions, which is why I find it so useful. You can move, copy, compress, extract, rename, delete, split, join, encrypt, decrypt, open with a program, upload, send by mail and lots more. It’s quite comprehensive.
Now that you know how to create rules, go ahead to the Default profile again and then go to Associations. You’ll see there are no rules listed there yet. This is where you should add your own rules. Once you create a rule, you can pass your files through the rules by simply dragging the files or folders from Explorer onto the little icon.
Depending on the settings, a dialog will pop up and stay on the screen that will list out what actions will be taken to the files. To start, you click on the little blue play button. Of course, this is not very automated if you have to drag/drop files and manually start the processing. To fix this, right-click on the icon and go to Options again. This time make sure to uncheck the Show progress window during process box.
Lastly, go to the monitoring tab and check the Enable scan of monitored folders box. Then click the Add button at the bottom and choose the folder you want to monitor. You can also change the time interval for scanning and the minimum size of the files.
Now just sit back, dump some files into your monitored folder and watch how after a few seconds your files will automatically be processed without you having to do anything at all. The program is quite powerful and I’ve really only touched the surface of what you can do with it, but hopefully this gives you enough to feel confident using it. If you have any questions, post a comment. Enjoy!
