无法访问您的 iCloud 数据是一场噩梦。不过，在iOS 15中，Apple添加了一项名为 iCloud数据恢复服务(Data Recovery Service)的新功能，当最坏的情况发生时，它可以取回（部分）数据。在 iOS 或 macOS 上设置很容易，如果您花时间，总有一天您会感谢自己的。
什么是 iCloud数据恢复服务(Data Recovery Service)？
iCloud数据恢复服务(Data Recovery Service)是 iCloud 安全性的一项功能，可让您重新获得对照片、笔记、文档、设备备份和大多数其他类型的加密数据的访问权限。
请注意，有一些限制。(Note that there are limitations.)首先，它必须是已同步到云端的数据。因此，如果您的设备在同步之前丢失或损坏，则数据将无法恢复。
其次，任何使用端到端加密的数据都无法恢复。端到端加密的重点是向其他所有人隐藏数据，甚至是Apple。如果没有您的密码（解密密钥），您的Keychain、Messages和健康数据将无法恢复。要访问此类数据，您需要一台已登录 iCloud 的工作设备。
iCloud数据恢复服务的工作原理(Data Recovery Service Works)
iCloud数据恢复服务(Data Recovery Service)背后的理念是，当您忘记设备密码和Apple ID密码时，您将指定一位值得信赖的朋友或家人作为您的备份。
一旦您指定了“帐户恢复联系人”。(Account Recovery Contact.)” 这可以是 13 岁以上、拥有自己的Apple ID并且将Apple设备更新到其操作系统的最新版本的任何人。
iCloud恢复(Recovery)和 iTunes备份(Backup)是不同的(Different)
从 macOS Catalina 开始，iTunes应用程序已被Apple Music、Podcast(Podcasts)和Apple TV取代。iTunes 应用程序充当中心枢纽，您可以将内容同步到 iOS 设备并备份到本地存储。
iTunes 仍然作为Windows应用程序存在，Windows用户可以使用 iTunes 对其设备进行本地备份。如果您使用的是Catalina或更高版本，您仍然可以使用Mac对您的 iOS 设备进行本地备份，但该功能现在在Finder中。
(Whichever)无论您选择哪种本地备份方法，这都与 iCloud Data Recovery不同，因为您必须手动将本地备份到您的Mac或 PC
谁需要设置 iCloud数据恢复服务(Data Recovery Service)？
除非您绝对没有可以信任的人，否则每个 iCloud 用户最好使用恢复联系人设置数据恢复。即使您觉得自己不需要它，您也可能希望充当其他人的恢复联系人。如果您的朋友或家人容易忘记他们的凭证，最好说服他们进行设置。请记住，这不是事后可以激活的东西。
根据您使用的设备，激活服务的步骤会略有不同。下面概述的步骤适用于 iOS 15、iPadOS 15 和 macOS Monterey。
在 iOS 上设置 iCloud数据恢复服务(Data Recovery Service)
以下屏幕截图来自运行 iOS 15 的 iPhone 11 Pro，但应该与 iOS 15 或更高版本的任何 iOS 设备类似。要在 iPhone 上设置 iOS数据恢复(Data Recovery)，请执行以下操作：
- 打开设置应用程序。(Settings app.)
- 选择您的姓名。(your name.)
- 选择密码和安全性。(Password & Security.)
- 选择帐户恢复。(Account Recovery.)
在这个屏幕上，你可以做几件事。要设置 iCloud Data Recovery，请选择添加恢复联系人(Add Recovery Contact )并从您的联系人中选择受信任的人。
完成该过程后，他们会收到一条消息，您可以先对其进行编辑，如果他们接受，如果您的手机丢失、被盗，他们可以帮助您从 iCloud.com 上的 iCloud 帐户取回您的数据，或者您忘记了密码。
另一种选择是创建一个恢复密钥，这样就可以在没有其他人帮助的情况下恢复您的帐户并访问您的 iCloud 数据。但是，此选项附带一些特殊注意事项，本文稍后将介绍。
在 iPadOS 上设置 iCloud数据恢复服务(Data Recovery Service)
在 iPad 上激活 iCloud Data Recovery的步骤与 iOS 非常相似。这是您需要做的：
- 打开设置应用程序。(Settings app.)
- 选择您的姓名。(your name.)
- 选择密码和安全性。(Password & Security.)
- 选择帐户恢复。(Account Recovery.)
与上面的 iPhone 方法一样，您现在可以添加您信任的恢复联系人。
在您阅读下面关于它的重要说明之前，请勿选择恢复密钥选项。
在 macOS 上设置 iCloud数据恢复服务(Data Recovery Service)
如果您有MacBook或Mac，则该过程与 iOS 设备略有不同。以下屏幕截图是在运行 macOS Monterey的(Monterey)M1 MacBook Air上拍摄的。以下是在 macOS 上设置 iCloud数据恢复的方法：(Data Recovery)
- 选择屏幕左上角的Apple 图标。(Apple Icon)
- 选择系统偏好设置。
- 选择Apple ID。
- 选择密码和安全性(Password & Security)。
- 选择帐户恢复(Account Recovery)。
- 在Account Recovery(Account Recovery)旁边，选择Manage
- 在恢复协助(Recovery Assistance)下，选择“+”图标以添加恢复联系人。
您还可以在此处添加恢复密钥或启用或禁用 2FA，但请在执行此操作之前阅读下一部分。
您应该使用恢复密钥吗？
如果您选择使用恢复密钥并将其丢失，则无法再使用标准Apple帐户恢复流程来恢复您的帐户。这是一种更安全的方法来保护您的帐户，因为黑客无法使用您的信息来滥用标准帐户恢复过程。但是，您需要恢复密钥、受信任的电话号码和至少运行 iOS11 或 macOS High Sierra的(Sierra)Apple设备。由于恢复密钥非常安全，因此您需要将其副本保存在不会失去访问权限但也不会被不受欢迎的人访问的地方。
请务必注意，如果您已经在使用双重身份验证(two-factor authentication)(2FA)，则此时不应设置恢复密钥选项。恢复密钥和 2FA 恢复方法似乎相互干扰。如上所述，使用恢复密钥会阻止 2FA 启用的标准恢复方法。最好只选择这两个恢复选项之一。如果您没有更高的安全需求，最好坚持使用 2FA，这对于大多数用户来说已经绰绰有余。
不要只使用一种备份解决方案
虽然为您的 iCloud 备份提供后备访问解决方案是件好事，但将所有鸡蛋放在一个篮子里绝不是一个好主意。好消息是您可以轻松地将数据备份到多个云服务。
例如，您可以安装Microsoft OneDrive或Google 照片(Google Photos)，并让这些应用程序自动将您的信息上传到他们的数据中心。因此，即使您无法访问 iCloud 备份，您也可以通过其他地方取回数据。有这么多方法可以保护您的信息，没有理由再次成为丢失数据的受害者。
What Is iCloud Data Recovery Service and How To Set It Up?
Losing aсcess to your iCloud data is а nightmare scenario. Still, in iOS 15, Apple has added a new feature called iCloud Data Recovery Service, which can get (some) of your data back when the worst happens. It’s easy to set up on iOS or macOS, and if you take the time, you’ll be thanking yourself one day.
What Is the iCloud Data Recovery Service?
The iCloud Data Recovery Service is a feature of iCloud security that lets you regain access to your photos, notes, documents, device backups, and most other types of encrypted data.
Note that there are limitations. First, it has to be data that’s been synced to the cloud. So if your device has been lost or damaged before syncing was possible, the data is unrecoverable.
Second, any data that uses end-to-end encryption can’t be recovered. The point of end-to-end encryption is to hide the data from everyone else, even Apple. Without your passcode (the decryption key), your Keychain, Messages, and health data are not recoverable. To access such data, you need a working device that’s logged into iCloud.
How the iCloud Data Recovery Service Works
The idea behind the iCloud Data Recovery Service is that you’ll nominate a trusted friend or family member to be your backup when you forget both your device passcode and Apple ID password.
Once you’ve nominated your “Account Recovery Contact.” This can be anyone who is over the age of 13, has their own Apple ID, and has an Apple device updated to the latest version of its operating system.
iCloud Recovery and iTunes Backup are Different
As of macOS Catalina, the iTunes application has been replaced by Apple Music, Podcasts, and Apple TV. The iTunes app acted as the central hub where you would sync content to your iOS device and make backups to local storage.
iTunes still exists as a Windows app, and Windows users can use iTunes to make a local backup of their device. If you’re using Catalina or later, you can still make a local backup of your iOS device using your Mac, but that functionality is now in Finder.
Whichever local backup method you choose, this is different from iCloud Data Recovery as you have to manually make a local backup to your Mac or PC
Who Needs To Set Up the iCloud Data Recovery Service?
Unless you have absolutely no one you can trust, it’s probably best for every iCloud user to set up data recovery with a recovery contact. Even if you don’t feel like you need it personally, you may want to act as the recovery contact for someone else. If you have friends or family who are prone to forgetting their credentials, it’s a good idea to convince them to set it up. Remember that this isn’t something that you can activate after the fact.
The steps for activating the service are slightly different depending on the device you’re using. The steps outlined below are for iOS 15, iPadOS 15, and macOS Monterey.
Setting Up the iCloud Data Recovery Service on iOS
The following screenshots are from an iPhone 11 Pro running iOS 15, but should be similar to any iOS device on iOS 15 or later. To set up iOS Data Recovery on your iPhone, do the following:
- Open the Settings app.
- Select your name.
- Select Password & Security.
- Select Account Recovery.
On this screen, you can do several things. To set up iCloud Data Recovery, choose Add Recovery Contact and select a trusted person from your contacts.
Once you’ve completed the process, they’ll receive a message, which you can edit first, and if they accept, they can help you get your data back from your iCloud account on iCloud.com if your phone is lost, stolen, or you forget your password.
The other option is to create a recovery key, which makes it possible to recover your account and access your iCloud data without another person’s assistance. However, this option comes with some special considerations, covered later in this article.
Setting Up the iCloud Data Recovery Service on iPadOS
The steps to activate iCloud Data Recovery on an iPad are very similar to iOS. Here’s what you need to do:
- Open the Settings app.
- Select your name.
- Select Password & Security.
- Select Account Recovery.
Like the iPhone method above, you can now add a recovery contact you trust.
Don’t choose the recovery key option until you’ve read our important notes about it below.
Setting Up the iCloud Data Recovery Service on macOS
If you have a MacBook or Mac, the process is slightly different from iOS devices. The following screenshots were taken on an M1 MacBook Air running macOS Monterey. Here’s how to set up iCloud Data Recovery on macOS:
- Select the Apple Icon at the top-left of the screen.
- Select System Preferences.
- Select Apple ID.
- Select Password & Security.
- Select Account Recovery.
- Next to Account Recovery, select Manage
- Under Recovery Assistance, select the “+” icon to add a recovery contact.
You can also add a recovery key here or enable or disable 2FA, but please read the next section before you do so.
Should You Use a Recovery Key?
If you choose to use a recovery key and lose it, it’s no longer possible to recover your account using the standard Apple account recovery process. It is a more secure way to secure your account since hackers can’t use your information to abuse the standard account recovery process. However, you’ll need your recovery key, a trusted phone number, and an Apple device running at least iOS11 or macOS High Sierra. Since a recovery key is so secure, you need to keep copies of it in a place you won’t lose access to but is also not accessible to unwanted persons.
It’s important to note that you should not set up the recovery key option at this time if you’re already using two-factor authentication (2FA). The recovery key and 2FA recovery method seem to interfere with each other. As mentioned above, using a recovery key blocks the standard recovery method enabled by 2FA. It’s better to pick just one of these two recovery options. If you don’t have elevated security needs, it’s better to stick with 2FA, which is more than enough for most users.
Don’t Just Use One Backup Solution
While it’s good to have a fallback access solution to your iCloud backups, it’s never a good idea to put all your eggs in one basket. The good news is that you can easily backup your data to multiple cloud services.
For example, you can install Microsoft OneDrive or Google Photos and have these apps automatically upload your information to their data centers. So even if you lose access to your iCloud backup, there are other places you can go to get your data back. With so many ways to secure your information, there’s no reason to be the victim of lost data ever again.
