Windows PE（或Windows 预安装环境）是(Windows Preinstallation Environment)Windows的缩小版本。此自定义环境在紧急情况下很有用，可让您运行Windows命令或自定义第三方工具来解决Windows安装问题，或者在最坏的情况下恢复文件。
您可以下载和使用多个第三方Windows PE应急磁盘，例如Hiren 的 BootCD PE(Hiren’s BootCD PE)。如果您对信任第三方解决方案持谨慎态度，尤其是在存在潜在盗版问题时，您可以使用Win10XPE构建自己的解决方案。让我们向您介绍如何创建自己的Windows PE应急磁盘。
创建 Windows PE 应急盘(Creating a Windows PE Rescue Disk)
要创建Windows PE应急磁盘，您需要一份最新的Windows 10安装媒体副本。Microsoft提供Windows 10 ISO(Windows 10 ISOs)供下载，但您需要先将浏览器用户代理更改(change your browser user agent)为Chrome OS或Android，才能从Microsoft网站下载文件。
- 如果您下载了Windows 10 ISO，接下来需要下载最新版本的 Win10XPE(latest version of Win10XPE)。使用7-Zip提取Windows 10 ISO和压缩的Win10XPE 7Z文件，然后运行Win10XPE.exe文件。
- 首次启动Win10XPE时，您需要将其指向您提取的Windows 10安装文件的位置。在 Win10XPE 主菜单中单击(Click) 选择 Windows 10 源文件夹。(Select the Windows 10 Source Folder)
- 将Windows 10安装文件加载到Win10XPE 后(Win10XPE)，您可以开始自定义要包含在WinPE磁盘中的工具。在左侧菜单中，单击应用程序(Apps)旁边的+ arrow以展开该部分。
- 从这里开始，通过每个子类别来选择要添加的工具。Win10XPE将使用默认配置，选择它认为您会发现有用的工具。您可以保持原样，但要将它们添加到您的环境中，请单击每个选项旁边的复选框。
- 您还需要修改Build Core配置。这会为您的WinPE(WinPE)构建设置各种设置，例如键盘布局和区域设置。单击(Click)左侧菜单中的构建核心(Build Core)。
- 默认的Build Core菜单配置应该适用于大多数用户。但是，如果您想在WinPE中使用无线网络连接，请确保在(WinPE)主界面(Main Interface)选项卡中启用网络驱动程序、网络添加(Network Drivers, Network Additions )和Microsoft .NETFx4复选框。
- 您还可以将自定义文件添加到您的WinPE环境。这些可以是便携式工具，例如可在PortableApps下载的工具，也可以是其他配置文件。要设置Win10XPE以添加这些，请单击“添加自定义文件夹(Add Your Custom Folder)”复选框，然后单击“打开自定义文件夹(Open Custom Folder)”按钮将文件复制到该位置。
- 大多数用户不需要配置最终的实用程序菜单。(Utilities)如果您确实需要配置此部分，例如启用 .NET Framework 2.0-3.5，请单击左侧菜单中实用程序(Utilities)旁边的+ arrow
- 一旦你的Win10XPE配置准备好并且你的文件就位，你就可以构建它了。单击右上角的“播放”(Play)按钮开始构建过程。
Win10XPE将您的自定义Windows PE环境转换为ISO文件。构建过程完成后，您可以使用Rufus将(Rufus)ISO文件内容闪存到USB闪存驱动器。
Etcher是Rufus的流行替代品，但这在将Windows 10 ISO(ISOs)闪存到闪存驱动器时存在已知问题。在这种情况下，最好使用Rufus。
将 Windows PE 复制到 USB 闪存驱动器(Copying Windows PE To a USB Flash Drive)
要将您的自定义Windows PE ISO闪存到USB闪存驱动器，您需要下载最新版本的Rufus。它不需要安装，因此只需在下载后启动Rufus.exe文件。
- 首先，从设备(Device)下拉菜单中选择您的闪存驱动器，然后通过单击引导选择(Boot Selection)菜单旁边的选择按钮来选择您的(Select)ISO 。
- 选择ISO文件后，Rufus将自动配置以匹配最合适的设置。准备好开始闪烁后，单击底部的开始。(START)
一旦Rufus刷新过程完成，请在插入闪存驱动器的情况下重新启动您的 PC。然后应该启动自定义Windows PE环境，允许您开始恢复 Windows 安装。
使用 Windows 恢复环境 (WinRE)(Using The Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE))
如果您正在寻找内置解决方案，Windows 10 用户可以改用Windows 恢复环境(Windows Recovery Environment)( WinRE )。虽然WinPE是可定制的，但WinRE是一个固定不变的解决方案，其中包括修复文件系统、将 Windows 恢复到以前的备份、将 Windows 恢复到出厂设置(restore Windows to factory settings)等工具。
Windows 恢复环境(Windows Recovery Environment)优于Windows 预安装环境(Windows Preinstallation Environment)的好处是所有Windows 10用户都已经安装了WinRE工具。
- 如果您已经能够启动到Windows 10，则可以通过转到“高级启动(Advanced Startup)设置”菜单启动到WinRE 。右键单击您的 Windows 开始菜单按钮，然后单击设置(Settings)。
- 在此处，单击Update & Security > Recovery > Restart now. 这会将您的 PC 启动到 Windows 10 高级启动菜单。
您还可以通过中止Windows 10启动过程至少两次来启动到Windows 恢复环境。(Windows Recovery Environment)加载WinRE(Once WinRE)后，您可能需要单击“高级选项” (Advanced Options)> Troubleshoot以访问各种包含的恢复工具。
如果您的Windows安装无法修复，则您可能需要擦除并重新安装 Windows 10(wipe and reinstall Windows 10)。
What Is Windows PE & How To Make a PE Rescue Disk
Windows PE (or Windows Preinstallаtion Environment) is a scaled-down versiоn of Windows. This cuѕtom environmеnt is uѕeful in an еmergency, letting you rυn Windows commands or custоm, third-рarty tools to resolve issues with your Windows installation or, in а worst-case scenario, to recover your files.
There are several third-party Windows PE rescue disks that you can download and use, like Hiren’s BootCD PE. If you’re wary about trusting a third-party solution, especially with potential piracy issues, you can build your own using Win10XPE. Let’s walk you through how to create your own Windows PE rescue disk.
Creating a Windows PE Rescue Disk
To create a Windows PE rescue disk, you’ll need a recent copy of the Windows 10 installation media. Microsoft provides Windows 10 ISOs for download, but you’ll need to change your browser user agent to Chrome OS or Android first to be able to download the file from the Microsoft website.
- If you have a Windows 10 ISO downloaded, you’ll need to download the latest version of Win10XPE next. Extract your Windows 10 ISO and the compressed Win10XPE 7Z file using 7-Zip, then run the Win10XPE.exe file.
- When you first launch Win10XPE, you’ll need to point it to the location of your extracted Windows 10 installation files. Click Select the Windows 10 Source Folder in the main Win10XPE menu.
- Once the Windows 10 installation files have been loaded into Win10XPE, you can begin customizing the tools you want to include with your WinPE disk. In the left-hand menu, click the + arrow next to Apps to expand that section.
- From here, work through each of the sub-categories to select which tools you want to add. Win10XPE will use a default configuration, selecting tools it believes you’ll find useful. You can leave these as they are, but to add them to your environment, click the checkbox next to each option.
- You’ll also need to modify the Build Core configuration. This sets various settings, like keyboard layout and locale, for your WinPE build. Click on Build Core in the left-hand side menu.
- The default Build Core menu configuration should work for most users. If you want to use a wireless network connection in WinPE, however, be sure to enable the Network Drivers, Network Additions and Microsoft .NETFx4 checkboxes in the Main Interface tab.
- You can also add custom files to your WinPE environment. These could be portable tools, like those available for download at PortableApps, or additional configuration files. To set Win10XPE to add these, click on the Add Your Custom Folder checkbox, then click the Open Custom Folder button to copy your files to that location.
- The final Utilities menu shouldn’t require configuration for most users. If you do need to configure this section, for instance, to enable the .NET Framework 2.0-3.5, click on the + arrow next to Utilities in the left-hand side menu.
- Once your Win10XPE configuration is ready and your files are in place, you can build it. Click the Play button in the top-right to begin the build process.
Win10XPE turns your custom Windows PE environment into an ISO file. Once the build process is complete, you can flash the ISO file contents to a USB flash drive using Rufus.
Etcher is a popular alternative to Rufus, but this has known problems with flashing Windows 10 ISOs to flash drives. In this case, it’s better to use Rufus.
Copying Windows PE To a USB Flash Drive
To flash your custom Windows PE ISO to a USB flash drive, you’ll need to have downloaded the latest version of Rufus. It doesn’t require installation, so just launch the Rufus.exe file once it’s downloaded.
- First, select your flash drive from the Device drop-down menu, then select your ISO by clicking the Select button next to the Boot Selection menu.
- Once you select your ISO file, Rufus will automatically configure to match the most appropriate settings for it. Once you’re ready to begin flashing, click START at the bottom.
Once the Rufus flashing process has completed, reboot your PC with your flash drive plugged in. The custom Windows PE environment should then boot, allowing you to begin recovering your Windows installation.
Using The Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE)
If you’re looking for a built-in solution, Windows 10 users can use the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) instead. While WinPE is customizable, WinRE is a set-in-stone solution that includes tools to repair your file system, restore Windows to a previous backup, restore Windows to factory settings, and more.
The benefit of the Windows Recovery Environment over the Windows Preinstallation Environment is all Windows 10 users have the WinRE tool installed already.
- If you’ve been able to boot into Windows 10, you can boot to WinRE by going to the Advanced Startup settings menu. Right-click your Windows Start menu button and click Settings.
- From here, click Update & Security > Recovery > Restart now. This will boot your PC into your Windows 10 advanced boot menu.
You can also boot into the Windows Recovery Environment by aborting the Windows 10 start-up process at least twice. Once WinRE has loaded, you might need to click Advanced Options > Troubleshoot to access the various included recovery tools.
If your Windows installation is beyond repair, then you may need to wipe and reinstall Windows 10 instead.
